phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Parotid-Neoplasms

The aim of this study was to perform a systematic literature review of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) originating exclusively in the ear, nose and throat (ENT) district. An appropriate string was run on PubMed to retrieve articles dealing with ENT presentations of MCC. A double cross-check was performed on citations and full-text articles found using the selected inclusion and exclusion criteria. In total, 43 articles were finally included in the study, describing 51 cases of MCC involving the ENT region: 22/51 (43%) cases involving the ear; 20/51 (39%) cases involving the mucosal sites; 9/51 (18%) cases involving other ENT regions. Patients with mucosal site involvement showed a higher mortality rate from the disease (45%) in comparison with the other two groups, especially when compared with those patients having primary involvement of the ear (22%). The ENT specialist should suspect and consider MCC, especially in elderly patients presenting with a suspicious lesion of the auricular pavilion, so as to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed treatments.

Topics: Carcinoma, Merkel Cell; Ear; Humans; Mucous Membrane; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Pharynx; Skin Neoplasms

Facial nerve paralysis is one of several possible complications following conservative parotidectomy. To assess three-dimensional facial movements non-invasively in patients with unilateral facial palsy following parotidectomy for benign tumours, the three-dimensional coordinates of 21 soft-tissue facial landmarks were recorded in 32 patients (21 HB I, 5 HB II, 6 HB III-IV; 3 months post-surgery follow-up), and 40 control subjects, during the performance of facial movements (smile, 'surprise', eye closure, single eye closure). For all symmetric animations, control subjects had larger total mobility than patients; mobility progressively decreased in patients with larger clinical grades. For asymmetric eye closures, HB I patients and control subjects had similar total movements, while HB II patients had smaller movements, especially for the paretic side eye closure; smaller total movements were found in HB III-IV patients. The method allowed the quantitative detection of alterations in facial movements. Significant differences between patients and control subjects in the magnitude and asymmetry of movements were found.

Topics: Adenolymphoma; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adult; Aged; Anatomic Landmarks; Blinking; Electronics; Eye Movements; Facial Expression; Facial Muscles; Facial Paralysis; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Lip; Male; Middle Aged; Movement; Nose; Optical Imaging; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Smiling; Young Adult

The aim of this study was to define and quantitate the normal anatomy of the extracranial head and neck with 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). This information was used to study 12 patients with primary squamous cell carcinomas. In all cases, the lymphoid tissue of the Waldeyer ring and the palatine and lingual tonsils could be differentiated from the airway, striated muscle, osseous structures, and salivary glands. Striated muscle had markedly less activity than lymphoid or salivary gland tissue. In the 12 patients with primary tumors, FDG PET depicted the tumor as an area of increased activity significantly higher than that of normal tissue. In one instance, FDG PET allowed detection of a tumor not seen at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging or computed tomography. Of the 34 lymph nodes positive for carcinoma, 24 were positive according to MR size criteria and 25 were detected with FDG PET. FDG PET allowed detection of three nonenlarged metastatic nodes that were negative at MR imaging.

Topics: Contrast Media; Deoxyglucose; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Head; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mouth Neoplasms; Neck; Nose; Orbit; Parotid Neoplasms; Pharynx; Tomography, Emission-Computed; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Masticatory Muscles; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nasopharynx; Neurilemmoma; Nose; Paranasal Sinuses; Parotid Neoplasms; Pterygoid Muscles; Sinusitis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Topics: Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Eyelid Neoplasms; Facial Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lymphoma, Follicular; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nose; Orbital Neoplasms; Parotid Neoplasms

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemangiopericytoma; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lip; Lip Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouth Neoplasms; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Prognosis; Tongue; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Endotracheal; Ankylosis; Contracture; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Laryngoscopy; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mandibular Neoplasms; Maxillary Neoplasms; Muscle Relaxants, Central; Nose; Osteotomy; Parotid Neoplasms; Preanesthetic Medication; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tracheotomy