phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Mouth-Diseases

A nasoalveolar cyst is a rare, non-odontogenic soft tissue cyst encountered in the anterior maxillary labial sulcus as an asymptomatic soft tissue swelling. Often, patients with these cysts report them to the dental clinic where they are mistaken for odontogenic lesions by the dental surgeon, especially if concomitant dental problems are present. They cannot be detected by routine conventional dental radiography as they are peripheral, lying within the mucosa thereby posing a diagnostic challenge. We document a case of a 47-year-old woman with a nasoalveolar cyst.

Topics: Cysts; Dentistry; Dentists; Female; Humans; Jaw Cysts; Maxilla; Maxillary Diseases; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Odontogenic Cysts; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tooth Socket

Tricho-rhino-phalangeal Syndrome (TRPS) is a rare inherited dysplasia affecting hair, nasal structure and fingers. A literature review indicated that since first described, three types of manifestations have been identified. A Table summarising the oral manifestations demonstrates the variety of presentations. A South African male child presented with the syndrome and was found to show premature eruption of permanent teeth, a finding that has not been previously reported. His oro-facial manifestations also included malaligned and unerupted crowded teeth, bulbosity of the nasal tip and an elongated philtrum and evidence of mild intellectual impairment. A protocol has been developed to guide the future management of these cases.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Child, Preschool; Fingers; Follow-Up Studies; Gingivitis, Necrotizing Ulcerative; Hair; Halitosis; Humans; Male; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Prognathism; Syndrome; Tooth Diseases; Tooth Eruption

American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) can affect the skin or mucosa (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis - MCL) including the oral cavity. MCL oral lesions are often confused with other oral diseases, delaying diagnosis and specific treatment, and increasing the likelihood of sequelae. Thus, increasing the knowledge of the evolution of ATL oral lesions can facilitate its early diagnosis improving the prognosis of healing.. Evaluate the frequency of ATL oral lesion and describe its clinical, laboratory and therapeutic peculiarities.. A descriptive transversal study was carried out, using data from medical records of 206 patients with MCL examined at the outpatient clinics-IPEC-Fiocruz between 1989 and 2013. Proportions were calculated for the categorical variables and the association among them was assessed by the Pearson's chi-square test. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used for the continuous variables and their differences were assessed by both parametric (t test) and non parametric (Mann-Whitney) tests. P-values <0.05 were considered as significant.. The most affected site was the nose, followed by the mouth, pharynx and larynx. Seventy eight (37.9%) have oral lesions and the disease presented a lower median of the evolution time than in other mucous sites as well as an increased time to heal. The presence of oral lesion was associated with: the presence of lesions in the other three mucosal sites; a smaller median of the leishmanin skin test values; a longer healing time of the mucosal lesions; a higher recurrence frequency; and a smaller frequency of treatment finishing and healing. When the oral lesion was isolated, it was associated with an age 20 years lower than when the oral lesion was associated with other mucosal sites.. Considering the worst therapy results associated with the presence of oral lesions, we suggest that lesions in this location represent a factor of worse prognosis for MCL.

Topics: Antiprotozoal Agents; Female; Humans; Larynx; Leishmania braziliensis; Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous; Male; Meglumine; Meglumine Antimoniate; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Nose; Nose Diseases; Organometallic Compounds; Pharynx; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis (RCM) is a rare, fulminating opportunistic fungal infection caused by a fungus of order Mucorales. These fungi are ubiquitus, subsisting on decaying vegetation and diverse organic material. Although fungi and spores of Mucorales show minimal intrinsic pathogenicity towards normal person, they can initiate aggressive and fulminating infection in immunocompromised host. Since RCM occurs infrequently, it may pose a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma for those who are not familiar with its clinical presentation.. We present a patient with classical presentation of RCM involving paranasal sinuses, orbit, and cranial base who was treated by combination of aggressive surgical and medical therapy.. The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the clinical presentation and pathogenesis of RCM and to emphasize need for high index of suspicion in diagnosis and treatment.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Debridement; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Lip Diseases; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mucormycosis; Nose; Nose Diseases; Opportunistic Infections; Orbital Diseases; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We report a cohort of 148 African children operated on between 1985 and 2000 for noma sequelae. A total of 440 operations were performed. Lesions included mouth constriction in 70 of 148 cases, and severe bone destruction in 69 of 148 cases. A large proportion of children was transferred to Switzerland for surgical treatment, whereas the others were operated on in local hospitals in Africa. Vascularized calvarium flap was mostly used for bone reconstruction (n = 36). Pedicled latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap was the preferred strategy for cheek reconstruction (n = 40). Expanded frontal flap was used for nasal reconstruction (n = 18), and pedicled heterolabial flap for lip construction (n = 37). Given the elevated level of recurrence of mouth constriction (extraarticular ankylosis), a minimum of 2 years' follow-up after surgical treatment was considered mandatory. Follow-up was conducted by field nurses from the humanitarian organizations, and a third of the patients were seen directly by our surgical team during special missions to Africa.

Topics: Adolescent; Bone Diseases; Bone Transplantation; Cheek; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Contracture; Face; Facial Bones; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Lip; Male; Mouth Diseases; Muscle, Skeletal; Noma; Nose; Patient Selection; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Recurrence; Skin Transplantation; Skull; Surgical Flaps

Collaborative care pathways (CCPs) provide a framework for multidisciplinary patient care. They provide guidelines and a mechanism for audit, and were first introduced at the Regional Unit, Walton Hospital, Liverpool, in November 1994. They have been designed for many surgical groups. Between August 1996 and 31 July 1997, 955 patients were admitted on to the nine established pathways: fractured mandible (n=213), fractured zygoma (n=117), minor oral surgery (n=244), abscess (n=18), examination under anaesthesia (n=73), nasal surgery (n=73), osteotomy (n=80), salivary (n=63), and temporomandibular joint (n=74). The purpose of this article is to report the introduction of CCP in a maxillofacial ward and give results from a one-year audit. CCP have proved to be an extremely useful tool and have several advantages over traditional documentation. They are more accurate, easily computerized, and facilitate audit. They promote the development of guidelines and standardized perioperative care, and this in turn facilitates training and raises standards of care.

Topics: Abscess; Anesthesia, General; Critical Pathways; Documentation; England; Humans; Mandibular Fractures; Medical Audit; Medical Records Systems, Computerized; Minor Surgical Procedures; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Oral Surgical Procedures; Osteotomy; Perioperative Care; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Salivary Glands; Surgery, Oral; Temporomandibular Joint; Zygomatic Fractures

Topics: Adult; Bone Cysts; Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Male; Maxillary Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Palate; Radicular Cyst; Radiography

Eleven patients (9 UCLP, 2 BCLP) were treated with segmental osteotomies with or without osteotomies at the Le Fort I level and simultaneous bone grafting of the alveolo-palatal clefts at adult age. These patients were clinically and radiographically evaluated after a mean follow-up period of 59 months (range 39-110 months). One patient showed complete dentoalveolar relapse, whereas the skeletal stability after miniplate fixation proved to be adequate in all cases. Only one patient presented with a persisting oro-nasal fistula. In six cases, the alar base asymmetry had improved to such an extent that further nasal corrections were not necessary. The procedure described is a reliable technique to graft the alveolo-palatal cleft and reposition the dentoalveolar segments simultaneously in those adult cleft palate patients who had no previous alveolar bone grafting.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alveoloplasty; Bone Plates; Bone Transplantation; Cephalometry; Cleft Palate; Female; Fistula; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Maxilla; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Osteotomy; Postoperative Complications; Radiography; Recurrence; Reproducibility of Results

We have developed a strategy for concurrent correction of multiple secondary clefting deformities based on the model proposed by Henderson and Jackson [1] which combines several cleft-related procedures. We have expanded this concept significantly to include as many as eleven procedures. The selected procedures are dictated individually by patients' needs. The constellation of corrective cleft-related surgeries has been given the name "cleft cluster" in the interest of simplicity. We are reporting on our experience with 85 consecutive patients using this approach. All patients in this series received bone grafting of the alveolar cleft as the primary procedure, plus multiple additional procedures as necessary. None of the patients reported received primary lip or palate surgery by the authors. The average number of procedures performed was 7.2. The average hospitalization was 4.1 days. The patients have been followed from 1 to 7 yrs. The fistula recurrence rate was 8%. Average patient age was 16.8 yrs with a range of 8 to 54 yrs. This approach eliminates multiple hospitalizations and outpatient procedures, allows flexibility to individualize patient care, provides consistent results, and is cost-effective.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alveolar Process; Bone Transplantation; Child; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Female; Fistula; Humans; Length of Stay; Lip; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Patient Care Planning; Recurrence; Reoperation; Surgery, Plastic; Surgical Flaps; Time Factors

The authors report their experience in the treatment of cleft palate patients, with or without cleft lip, carried out without lateral release incisions. The surgical approach was as follows: the cleft palate only was closed in one step at the age of 10 to 12 months, while the cleft of lip and palate was closed in two steps: at 6 months of age the soft palate together with lip and nose repair and at 18 to 24 months the hard palate with gingivo-alveoloplasty. Out of the 147 patients treated from 1984 until 1992, 124 (73 cleft palate, 51 cleft lip and palate) were treated without lateral release incisions, allowing first intention healing in 122 cases. The failures observed involved 2 cases: in the first (a bilateral case with a wide cleft) an almost total dehiscence of the suture at the level of the hard palate occurred, while in the second (a cleft palate case) a small oronasal fistula developed (healed spontaneously in 2 weeks). Our results confirm that by performing the described surgical technique without lateral release incisions, a 98% success rate for closure of a cleft palate could be obtained. Of course, in very large clefts the lateral release incision should be considered however.

Topics: Alveoloplasty; Child, Preschool; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Fistula; Gingivoplasty; Humans; Infant; Lip; Maxillary Sinus; Methods; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Nose; Palate; Palate, Soft; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Periosteum; Postoperative Complications; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Wound Healing

The management of the cleft lip and palate patient usually requires multiple primary and secondary surgical procedures to correct the deformity. This paper presents surgical methods in the secondary management of the cleft nose and presents three case reports to help illustrate these methods.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Fistula; Humans; Male; Maxilla; Mouth Diseases; Nasal Septum; Nose; Nose Diseases; Osteotomy; Rhinoplasty; Time Factors

Topics: Egypt, Ancient; History, Ancient; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Otolaryngology; Pharynx; Tracheostomy; Wounds and Injuries

The radiographic findings in 167 horses subjected to radiography of the facial area, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are recorded. Cases were grouped according to clinical diagnosis and the common and disparate radiographic features between and within groups are discussed. Dental disease occurred most frequently and accounted for about 30 per cent of cases, most of which had periapical infection. This disorder presented as two distinct clinical entities in almost equal numbers affected teeth with roots rostral to the maxillary sinus usually produced facial swelling, whereas those with roots within the sinus were generally associated with nasal discharge as a result of secondary sinusitis. In the former group periapical changes could readily be identified on radiographs, but in the latter group affected teeth could be recognised with confidence in only about half the cases. Primary sinusitis was the commonest specific condition recorded and accounted for 32 cases, three of which were mycotic. Using lateral erect projections, comparison of the radiographic features of primary sinusitis and sinusitis secondary to dental disease showed some useful differentiating signs. In four ponies, rhinitis associated with sinusitis led to disruption of the intra-nasal structures but mycotic rhinitis, nasal ulceration and an intra-nasal foreign body produced no radiographic abnormalities. Sixteen cases of suture periostitis were recorded, with varying degrees of new bone formation, and of 13 animals presented for evaluation of trauma, pre-diagnosed fractures were demonstrated in 10 and complications due to sinusitis in three.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Animals; Face; Horse Diseases; Horses; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Paranasal Sinuses; Radiography; Sinusitis

An outbreak of periodontitis and oro-nasal fistulation in rats in a routine long-term bioassay is described. There was strong circumstantial and pathological evidence that the lesions were caused by long pointed food fibres present in an expanded diet which was fed as a powder.

Topics: Animals; Diet; Female; Fistula; Male; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Periodontitis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms

Noma is an uncommon gangrenous process usually affecting malnourished children. A full-term neonate with orofacial noma, bilateral choanal atresia, and transient neutropenia with B cell deficiency is reported. This unusual appearance of noma in a well-nourished newborn might be related to the combination of choanal atresia and transient immune deficiency.

Topics: Agranulocytosis; B-Lymphocytes; Candidiasis; Female; Fistula; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Mouth Diseases; Neutropenia; Noma; Nose; Nose Diseases; Pseudomonas Infections

Aeromechanical data are presented for six patients with oronasal fistulas and one with a maxillary cleft. Patients were studied with the defects open and again with them closed with either acrylic dental appliances, dental wax, or denture adhesive. Only the largest openings appeared to allow sufficient loss of intraoral air pressure to weaken obstruent consonants. All but the smallest of the defects were associated with nasal air flow during syllable strings. Thus the data are compatible with a hypothesis that in the presence of small air leaks patients maintain sufficient intraoral air pressure for accurate consonant production. Presumably this is achieved by increase in respiratory effort. The relationship between fistula size and speech or speech related variables appears to be similar to that between area of the velopharyngeal opening and speech. However, the fistula is more constant in area across utterances than is the pathological velopharyngeal mechanism.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Air Pressure; Atmospheric Pressure; Child; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Female; Fistula; Humans; Male; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Pulmonary Ventilation; Speech

Surgical treatment of a large anterior oronasal fistula is reported. The advantages of a lateral alotomy are discussed. Functional and esthetic results and ease of closure justify the use of this approach.

Topics: Fistula; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Nose Diseases

Topics: Foreign Bodies; Humans; Infant; Male; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Palate

Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Child; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Paranasal Sinus Diseases; Pharyngeal Diseases; Salivary Gland Diseases

Topics: Ear; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nurse Practitioners; Nursing Assessment; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Pharynx

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Nasal Mucosa; Nose; Staphylococcus

Topics: Computers; Humans; Mathematics; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Staphylococcus

The challenging restoration of form and function in radical surgery of the head and neck demands sound concepts and proper execution in reconstruction. Flaps are most frequently employed in reconstruction, following major surgery because of their rich blood supply and cosmetic superiority. Of the many types of flaps known, the midline forhead flap, temporoforehead flap, mastoid-occipital flap, tongue flap, and deltopectoral flap have enjoyed most popularity. The design and application of these flaps are discussed. Our techniques in reconstruction of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, esophagus, nose, Andy-Gump deformities (anterior jaw complex resection), pharyngo-orocutaneous fistulas, and radionecrosis of the mandible are presented.

Topics: Esophagus; Fistula; Head; Humans; Mandible; Mandibular Diseases; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Neck Dissection; Nose; Osteoradionecrosis; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Skin Diseases; Skin Transplantation; Surgery, Plastic; Transplantation, Autologous

A new experimental method for assessment of velopharyngeal adequacy/inadequacy, using nasal manometric pressure readings for three types of speech conditions under controlled incremental bleed conditions, is described. Cleft palate speakers (N = 30) tended to have higher nasal pressure readings than non-flect palate speakers (N = 56), with or without bleed conditions. Reduction in nasal pressure under controlled incremental bleed for non-cleft palate speakers and cleft palate adequate (CPA) speakers is compatible with an aerodynamic quadratic equation. Unlike cleft palate inadequate (CPI) speakers, non-cleft palate speakers and CPA speakers exhibit similar ability to achieve 0 cm nasal monometric pressure under a bleed bore diameter of 4 mm for a circular bleed orifice. Results for cleft palate marginal (CPM) speakers are less conclusive. Reliability of nasal manometric bleed testing was limitedly tested but not conclusively established in the present report. Further study of reliability and validity is necessary.

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cleft Palate; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Male; Manometry; Methods; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Palate; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Pressure; Speech; Speech Disorders

Nasal emission confined solely to the sibilants or sibilants and affricates may be encountered as an articulatory phenomenon in speakers who do not demonstrate velopharyngeal incompetency. This phenomenon may occur both in patients who previously had an incompetent mechanism and in patients in whom such incompetency has never been documented. In the latter case, the patient may be referred to a cleft palate clinic on suspicion of a submucous cleft or other form of palatopharyngeal incompetency. Typically the nasal emission is combined with incorrect tongue placement. The persistent oral-nasal misarticulation may be viewed simplistically as a residual of earlier velopharyngeal incompetency, documented or undocumented. The speaker's own acoustic target for these consonants is grossly deviant, perhaps owing to such factors as malocclusion and earlier compensatory articulation gestures. Many such cases prove impervious to extensive articulation therapy, yet physical management may constitute "over-correction" with undesirable sequelae. Inventive approaches to articulation therapy may be required in these cases, since correction of the combined oral-nasal distortion requires the speaker to make many simultaneous changes in articulator placement without benefit of visual cues.

Topics: Adolescent; Cephalometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Cineradiography; Cleft Palate; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Palate; Pharyngeal Diseases; Phonetics; Pulmonary Ventilation; Speech Disorders; Speech Therapy; Tongue

Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Face; Female; Humans; Kuwait; Male; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Skin; Syphilis, Cutaneous; Treponemal Infections; Yaws

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Conjunctiva; Drug Therapy; Humans; Larynx; Mouth Diseases; Mucous Membrane; Nose; Pathology; Pemphigus

Topics: Burning Mouth Syndrome; Electrophoresis; Humans; Iontophoresis; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Procaine

Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Child; Drug Therapy; Ergocalciferols; Humans; Larynx; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Pharynx; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis, Laryngeal

Topics: Acanthosis Nigricans; Disease; Ear Diseases; Ear, External; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Neck; Neoplasms; Nose; Pharynx; Pylorus

Topics: Breast Diseases; Bronchi; Disease; Humans; Mammary Glands, Human; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx; Respiratory Tract Diseases

Topics: Aerospace Medicine; Aviation; Disease; Ear Diseases; Humans; Medicine; Military Personnel; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Nose; Nose Diseases; Otolaryngology; Pharyngeal Diseases; Pharynx