phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Eczema

Alopecia present from birth includes a broad differential diagnosis and often represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the involved physician.. An initial correct diagnosis and classification is essential because structural hair defects may be the expression of a genetic disorder affecting hair growth, part of a congenital syndrome with accompanying hair malformations, or a marker for an underlying metabolic disorder and may impact the mental and physical development of a child. Pathological hair loss rarely occurs in the first year of life; however, it may be a leading symptom of many congenital diseases.. In recent years, the clinical and microscopic features of hereditary hair shaft disorders have been characterized and classified. Furthermore, significant progress has been made in our knowledge of genes that control the normal development and differentiation of hair follicles, and thus the research is to define and classify the hair disorders within a genetic basis.. In this article we discuss several types of genotrichosis and provide a practical classification based on their clinical features.

Topics: Alopecia; Aneurysm; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Child; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Deafness; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Eczema; Facies; Fingers; Growth Disorders; Hair Diseases; Hallermann's Syndrome; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous; Humans; Hypotrichosis; Ichthyosis; Intellectual Disability; Keratitis; Langer-Giedion Syndrome; Microcephaly; Nose; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Skin Neoplasms

Patients with respiratory tract allergy present certain auditory and visual signs which, when correlated with the history, aid substantially in arriving at a conclusive diagnosis. The physician should be alert to the signs that indicate allergic disease. Early recognition followed by modern allergy management will help to prevent progression of the allergic process.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivitis; Corneal Diseases; Eczema; Eye Diseases; Eye Manifestations; Eyelashes; Eyelids; Female; Gingival Hyperplasia; Glossitis, Benign Migratory; Habits; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Maxillary Sinus; Mouth Breathing; Nasal Septum; Nose; Oral Manifestations; Pharyngeal Diseases; Polyps; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Seasons

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Asthma; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Desensitization, Immunologic; Eczema; Female; Histamine Release; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Leukocytes; Lymphocyte Activation; Male; Mites; Nose; Placebos; Pollen; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Skin Tests; Sodium Chloride; Surveys and Questionnaires

Hand eczema (HE) is frequently associated with Staphylococcus aureus; however, its role in the pathogenesis of HE is poorly understood.. To investigate the temporal variation in S aureus subtypes, ie, clonal complex (CC) types, on the hands and relate it to S aureus colonization in the nose and severity in a cohort of HE patients.. S aureus from the hands and nose of 50 adult HE patients and 50 controls was prospectively identified at 5 visits over 3 weeks.. S aureus was identified on the hands of 23 (46%) patients at 2 or more visits and on the hands of 1 control once. Of the HE patients with S aureus colonization, 78% had the same S aureus CC type over time. Twenty-one patients had the same S aureus CC type on the hands and in the nose. Persistent colonization was strongly related to an increased disease severity.. A relatively small S aureus culture-positive population.. The temporal stability of S aureus CC type and high occurrence of the identical subtypes on the hands and in the nose imply that S aureus colonization in patients with HE is of a more permanent nature. Taken together with the finding that persistent colonization and HE severity are clearly related, our results indicate that S aureus may contribute to the perpetuating course of HE.

Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Humans; Nose; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus

Topics: Child; Dermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Humans; Microbiota; Nose; Skin

Infective dermatitis associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1; IDH) is a chronic recurrent eczema affecting HTLV-1-infected children. The epidemiological and dermatological characteristics of IDH are described, and their principal diagnostic criteria are reevaluated.. Forty-two patients were included: 40 patients serologically positive for HTLV-1 and 2 seronegative patients who tested positive in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays.. The mean age at onset of the disease was 2.6 ± 2.4 years (range, 2 months-11 years). The mean duration of breast-feeding was 24.2 months. The lesions were erythematous, scaly, and crusted, always affecting the scalp and retroauricular regions. Crusting of the nostrils was observed in 64.3% of the patients. Of the 36 patients followed up, 23 had the active disease. The age at which IDH disappeared in the others was 10-20 years.. The onset of IDH may occur earlier than reported in the literature. The scalp and retroauricular regions are always affected, and lesions are invariably present in ≥3 areas. Crusting of the nostrils cannot be considered an obligatory factor for the diagnosis of IDH. The recurring nature of IDH was a characteristic found in all cases. Patients with classic IDH lesions who are serologically negative should be investigated by PCR. Therefore, the indispensable criteria for diagnosis are (1) presence of erythematous-scaly, exudative, and crusted lesions involving ≥3 areas, including the scalp and retroauricular regions; (2) recurring nature of the lesions; and (3) a finding of HTLV-1 infection by serology or molecular biology.

Topics: Adolescent; Brazil; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Eczema; Female; HTLV-I Infections; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1; Humans; Infant; Male; Neck; Nose; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Recurrence; Scalp; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Virology

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is an inherited disorder in which two or more ectodermally derived structures fail to develop, or are abnormal in development. Hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) or Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome, is an X-linked recessive syndrome with an incidence of 1/10,000 to 1/100,000 births. Because of its X-linked inheritance pattern, it is more common in males. HED is characterised by hypohydrosis (diminished perspiration), hypotrichosis (decreased amount of hair) and microdontia (small teeth), hypodontia (lack of development of one or more teeth) or adontia (total lack of tooth development). These patients present diagnostic and treatment challenges because of variable oral manifestations. This report describes an 11-year-old Xhosa boy, who was referred to the University Dental Faculty by his general medical practitioner because of hypodontia. General facial features included: frontal bossing, a depressed nasal bridge, 'butterfly' pattern of eczema over the nasal bridge to the malar process of each cheek, thinned out hair, loss of vertical dimension of face and dry skin. Intra-oral examination revealed hypodontia with peg-shaped anterior teeth and diastemas. Radiological examination revealed no developing permanent teeth or tooth buds. Diagnosis was confirmed by doing a sweat gland count. Management included oral hygiene instruction, fluoride treatments, construction of a partial lower denture and counselling about his condition with particular reference to the danger of hyperthermia and control of allergies.

Topics: Anodontia; Child; Diastema; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Eczema; Facial Dermatoses; Frontal Bone; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Hair; Humans; Male; Nose; Tooth, Deciduous

Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Adult; Colony Count, Microbial; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Atopic; Eczema; Female; Hand; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Male; Nose; Skin; Skin Diseases, Viral; Staphylococcus aureus; Tinea Pedis

This article reports on 14 cases of a trichorhinophalangeal syndrome in five successive generations. Besides the well-known characteristics of the TRPS the following symptoms observed in this family are new: Teething was considerably delayed, intelligence was reduced, and there were skin manifestations resembling eczema. Besides, struma colli and colitis ulcerosa were also observed. Subsequent observations have to clarify whether these symptoms are a facultative part of the TRPS pattern. The constant appearance of carriers of these characteristics during five generations points to dominant heredity.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Colitis, Ulcerative; Eczema; Female; Fingers; Goiter; Hair; Heterozygote; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Pedigree; Radiography; Syndrome

Recognition of the allergic individual is facilitated by an awareness of certain characteristic actions and various facial lesions which may be clues to other allergic problems. A gaping expression, clearing of the throat and rubbing or mashing of the eyes and nose may indicate significant rhinitis. Dark circles and bags under the eyes, long, silky eyelashes and injected conjunctivas are other signs. Bruxism and malocclusion may also be related to an allergic diathesis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Behavior; Bruxism; Child; Conjunctivitis; Eczema; Eye Manifestations; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Glossitis, Benign Migratory; Habits; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Male; Mouth Breathing; Nose; Oral Manifestations; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

The incidence and acquisition of Candida albicans and other yeasts in two wards of a skin hospital is described. Carriage rates on the skin in hospital patients is higher than is generally supposed, and cutaneous sites may act as sources of infection with these organisms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Axilla; Candida; Candida albicans; Cross Infection; Eczema; Female; Hospitals, Special; Humans; Male; Nose; Psoriasis; Skin; Skin Diseases; Thorax; Yeasts

Topics: Eczema; Humans; Nose

Topics: Asthma; Child; Child, Preschool; Eczema; Eosinophils; Female; Food Hypersensitivity; Humans; Infant; Male; Mast Cells; Nose; Secretory Rate

Topics: Autonomic Nervous System; Eczema; Humans; Nose; Pharynx

Topics: Child; Dermatitis; Eczema; Eosinophilia; Humans; Infant; Nose