phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Disorders-of-Sex-Development

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dimensions (maximal width and length), the size and the shape of the PA and their sexual dimorphism.. Using 3D-CT scan reconstructions and landmarks positioning around the piriform aperture and on the face, a collective of 170 non-pathologic subjects (79 female, 91 male) from Marseille (France) was examined in classical and geometric morphometrics methods.. The mean width of the piriform aperture was 24.00 mm in females and 25.32 mm in males, the mean length was 32.54 mm in females and 36.35 mm in males. The difference between males and females was significant, and our data correlates well with the previously data acquired from humans skulls. Facial measurements also showed a statistically significant dimorphism. In morphometric geometrics, the correlation between the centroïd size and PC1 in the shape space was weak, while this correlation was strong in the size and shape space. Visualization of shape differences was achieved on 2D wireframes.. Shape and size analysis of the piriform aperture showed the existence of a significant sexual dimorphism. These results encourage us to go further with functional and imaging correlations.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Analysis of Variance; Anatomic Landmarks; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Male; Middle Aged; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Sampling Studies; Sex Characteristics; Skull; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Young Adult

While aesthetic facial surgery performed for reasons of undesired facial masculinity or femininity has had some attention in the literature, there is a lack of information on gender-confirming facial surgery as part of an overall surgical sex reassignment program. In this paper we try to capture some of the sex differences, respectively, of skeleton, musculature and other subcutaneous soft tissues, integument and frame of the face. From this, we come to a description of some general differences of facial appearance between the sexes. In restructuring the skeletal architecture and facial proportions to match the desired gender, these factors should be taken into account.

Topics: Cephalometry; Dentition; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Disorders of Sex Development; Esthetics; Eye; Eyebrows; Face; Facial Bones; Facial Muscles; Female; Forehead; Hair; Humans; Male; Mandible; Neck; Nose; Orbit; Sex; Sex Characteristics; Skin; Skull; Surgery, Plastic; Zygoma

Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Anus, Imperforate; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Congenital Abnormalities; Disorders of Sex Development; Genetic Counseling; Heart Defects, Congenital; Hernia, Umbilical; Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; Humans; Infant Care; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Atresia; Neural Tube Defects; Nose; Tracheoesophageal Fistula; Transportation of Patients

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Congenital Abnormalities; Dermoid Cyst; Disorders of Sex Development; Ear, External; Eyebrows; Facial Neoplasms; Female; Fistula; Hemangioma; Hemangioma, Cavernous; Humans; Infant; Male; Neck; Nevus, Pigmented; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Penis; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Anus, Imperforate; Autopsy; Clubfoot; Cryptorchidism; Disorders of Sex Development; Ear, External; Esophageal Atresia; Eyelids; Face; Genitalia; Hip Dislocation, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Kidney; Lung; Male; Mandible; Meckel Diverticulum; Nose; Pelvic Bones; Rectum; Spinal Dysraphism; Spleen; Tracheoesophageal Fistula; Ureter; Urinary Bladder; Urogenital Abnormalities

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adolescent; Clitoris; Congenital Hypothyroidism; Deafness; Disorders of Sex Development; Dwarfism; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Female; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Nose; Pancreatic Diseases; Urethra; Uterus; Vagina

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Cataract Extraction; Child; Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Growth Disorders; Humans; Intellectual Disability; Male; Microcephaly; Nose; Pyloric Stenosis; Syndactyly; Toes

Topics: Congenital Abnormalities; Disorder of Sex Development, 46,XY; Disorders of Sex Development; Eye Manifestations; Face; Facial Expression; Female; Foot Diseases; Genetics, Medical; Hand Deformities; Humans; Hypospadias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intellectual Disability; Jaw; Male; Microcephaly; Movement Disorders; Nose; Nose Deformities, Acquired; Pyloric Stenosis; Retrognathia; Skin Manifestations; Strabismus