phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Deficiency-Diseases

Diarrhea is common in patients with Crohn's disease and may be accompanied by acid base disorders, most commonly metabolic acidosis due to intestinal loss of bicarbonate.. Here, we present a case of severe metabolic alkalosis in a young patient suffering from M. Crohn. The patient had undergone multiple resections of the intestine and suffered from chronic kidney disease. He was now referred to our clinic for recurrent acute kidney injury, the nature of which was pre-renal due to profound volume depletion. Renal failure was associated with marked hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis which only responded to high volume repletion and high dose blockade of gastric hypersecretion. Intestinal failure with stomal fluid losses of up to 5.7 litres per day required port implantation to commence parenteral nutrition. Fluid and electrolyte replacement rapidly improved renal function and acid base homeostasis.. This case highlights the important role of gastrointestinal function to maintain acid base status in patients with Crohn's disease.

Topics: Acrodermatitis; Acute Disease; Adult; Alkalosis; Crohn Disease; Deficiency Diseases; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Gastrointestinal Transit; Humans; Lip; Male; Nose; Parenteral Nutrition; Recurrence; Renal Insufficiency; Severity of Illness Index; Zinc

In this study, we evaluated the inhalation toxicity of acetaldehyde in Aldh2 KO (Aldh -/-) mice, using pathological method. Male C57BL/6 (Aldh2 +/+) mice and Aldh -/- mice were exposed to atmospheres containing acetaldehyde at levels of 0, 125, and 500 ppm for 24 h/day during 14 days. Although the average blood acetaldehyde concentration of Aldh -/- mice was higher than that of Aldh2 +/+ mice in the acetaldehyde exposure group, observable effects by the acetaldehyde exposure on the lung and liver were not different between wild type and ALDH2 null mice. In Aldh2 -/- mice, the levels of 1) erosion of respiratory epithelium and the subepithelial hemorrhage in nose, 2) hemorrhage in nasal cavity, 3) degeneration of respiratory epithelium in larynx, pharynx and trachea, and 4) degeneration of dorsal skin were higher compared with Aldh2 +/+ mice, indicating that Aldh2 -/- mice are more acetaldehyde-sensitive than Aldh2 +/+ mice. This is the first example for studying pathological effects of Aldh2 deficiency using Aldh -/- mice exposed to a low level of acetaldehyde.

Topics: Acetaldehyde; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; Animals; Body Weight; Deficiency Diseases; Ear, External; Inhalation Exposure; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nasal Cavity; Nose; Respiratory System; Skin

Topics: Deficiency Diseases; Eye Diseases; Histamine; Humans; Malnutrition; Neck; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Pharynx; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Deficiency Diseases; Humans; Nose