phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Convalescence

We investigated possible associations of HL-A types and antibody-response patterns during clinical trials with a live, attenuated intranasal influenza A vaccine. After vaccination, subjects with HL-A type W16 had, as a group, a mean convalescent-phase hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer of 14, which was significantly lower (P less than 0.001) than the mean titer of 36 in subjects without Type W16. Of 25 subjects with a poor antibody response, 32 per cent had HL-A type W16, whereas only 5 per cent with a good response had Type W16. The mean titers in nasal secretions of five W16 subjects at 13 and 30 days were less than 3; in contrast, similar titers of 22 subjects without W16 were 8 and 9 respectively. The results suggest that the lower antibody response in W16 subjects is due to increased cellular resistance to infection rather than to a suppressed immune response because other subjects with W16 had normal antibody responses after vaccination with killed influenza vaccine.

Topics: Antibodies, Viral; Antibody Formation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Convalescence; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Histocompatibility Antigens; HLA Antigens; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Influenza A virus; Influenza Vaccines; Influenza, Human; Nose; Orthomyxoviridae; Vaccines, Attenuated

IgA-antibodies to pneumococcal antigens were measured by enzyme immunoassay in saliva and nasal washings, obtained from 32 children aged 6 months to 14 years with acute pneumonia and from 25 healthy children aged 2.5-11 years. In the secretions of children with acute pneumonia an essential increase in the levels of IgA-antibodies in comparison with those observed in healthy children was detected. The levels of antibodies to pneumococci in saliva and in nasal washings were in direct correlation. These data are indicative of a protective role played, probably, by secretory antibodies at the portals of infection in pneumococcal pneumonia.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Antibodies, Bacterial; Child; Child, Preschool; Convalescence; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Infant; Mucus; Nose; Pneumonia, Pneumococcal; Saliva; Streptococcus pneumoniae