phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Blindness

The potential hazard of blindness from injections in the face, nose, and mouth and the mechanisms by which this complication takes place are discussed. Precautionary measures, which we originally recommended for nasal turbinate injections, appear to be applicable for all injections in this area. We encourage their usage.

Topics: Blindness; Dentistry; Face; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Mouth; Nose; Ophthalmology; Otolaryngology; Surgery, Plastic

A review of the literature pertaining to the uveodermatological syndrome of dogs is presented. This syndrome is marked by depigmentation of the periocular region, lips and nose in association with severe uveitis. Early diagnosis and therapy can prevent serious vision loss. Symptoms and therapy of the cases described in the literature as well as cases seen at the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital in Davis/California are discussed.

Topics: Animals; Blindness; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Eyelids; Lip; Nose; Pigmentation Disorders; Syndrome; Uveitis

An increasing number of soft tissue filler procedures in the nasal region has been reported. Concomitant with demand, the number of complications has risen due to the difficulty in administering filler in a region where soft tissue layering is complex.. The authors sought to describe the layered soft tissue arrangement of the nose as it relates to the underlying arterial vasculature and to define safer zones for nasal filler enhancement.. A total of 60 (28 males and 32 females) study participants were investigated with respect to their layered anatomy in the midline of the nose utilizing ultrasound imaging. The presence and extent of the layered arrangement was examined as well as the depth of the arterial vasculature.. In the mid-nasal dorsum, a 5-layer arrangement was observed in 100% (n = 60) of all investigated cases, whereas it was found to be absent in the nasal radix and tip. The 5-layer arrangement showed an average extent of 26.7% to 67.5% in relation to nasal length. The nasal arteries coursed superficially in 91.7% of all cases in the nasal radix, in 80% in the mid-nasal dorsum, and in 98.3% in the nasal tip.. Soft tissue filler administration in the nose carries the highest risk for irreversible vision loss compared with any other facial region. The safety of soft tissue filler rhinoplasty procedures is enhanced by knowledge of the layered anatomy of the nose, the location and depth of the major nasal vasculature, and employment of maneuvers to decrease the risk of blindness.

Topics: Arteries; Blindness; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Nose; Rhinoplasty; Ultrasonography

An increasing number of people are undergoing non-surgical aesthetic procedures, especially injections of botulinum toxin and dermal fillers. While toxin injections have lower rates of complications, profound and serious consequences can arise with the use of dermal fillers.. A 29-year-old woman presented to the eye casualty department with sudden visual loss, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia after having had non-surgical rhinoplasty in a beauty salon in West London. The filler was administered by a healthcare professional not registered with the General Medical Council (GMC) or similar governing body.. Despite prompt measures on arrival at our service, the symptoms of visual loss, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia persisted. Attempts from the patient and medical services to report the incident (to trading standards and the police) were to no avail.. This case highlights the poor treatment response to filler-related ophthalmic complications. It is also evident that in the United Kingdom, there appears to be poor regulation in the use of these products, a lack of clear guidelines for the management of their complications and finally no recourse for patients to challenge practitioners who lack medical registration and are not held accountable.

Topics: Adult; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Blepharoptosis; Blindness; Dermal Fillers; Female; Humans; Nose; Ophthalmic Artery; Ophthalmoplegia; Rhinoplasty; Visual Acuity

Advanced nasal malignancies may require rhinectomy, which can have profound psychosocial impacts. Rhinectomy defects can be rehabilitated through surgery or prosthetics. We seek to understand the health utility of the rhinectomy defect, surgical, and prosthetic reconstruction, which have not been previously studied.. Prospective clinical study METHODS: Adult naïve observers (n = 273) ranked the utility of five randomized health states (monocular blindness, binocular blindness, post-rhinectomy nasal defect, postsurgical reconstruction, and post-prosthetic rehabilitation). Health utilities were measured using visual analogue scale (VAS), standard gamble (SG), and time trade-off (TTO). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Scheffe's test and the independent samples T-test for a priori comparisons were performed. Multiple linear regression was performed using participant demographics as independent predictors of utility scores.. Health utilities (VAS, SG, TTO) were reported as follows (mean ± SD): monocular blindness (0.71 ± 0.21, 0.84 ± 0.20, 0.85 ± 0.19), binocular blindness (0.48 ± 0.25, 0.68 ± 0.28, 0.63 ± 0.28), post-rhinectomy nasal defect (0.59 ± 0.24, 0.74 ± 0.24, 0.74 ± 0.24), postsurgical reconstruction (0.88 ± 0.16, 0.90 ± 0.18, 0.89 ± 0.13), and post-prosthetic rehabilitation (0.67 ± 0.22, 0.80 ± 0.23, 0.82 ± 0.20). Both surgical reconstruction (P < .001) and prosthetic rehabilitation (P < .001) significantly improved health utility. SG and TTO utility scores were inversely associated with observer age (P < .001) and participants who identified themselves as non-Caucasians (P < .05) in post-rhinectomy nasal defect, post-nasal surgical reconstruction, and post-nasal prosthetic rehabilitation health states, while higher levels of education were directly associated with SG scores (P < .05), respectively.. This is the first study to demonstrate the significant negative impact of the rhinectomy nasal defect on health utility. Rehabilitation by surgical or prosthetic techniques significantly increases health utility as rated by naïve observers. Laryngoscope, 130:1674-1679, 2020.

Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Blindness; Cost of Illness; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Nose; Nose Neoplasms; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Postoperative Complications; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Rhinoplasty; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome; Visual Analog Scale

Nose filler injections are very popular in many Asian countries to improve nose shape and projection. However, due to the vascular supply of nose from the ophthalmic artery and its communication with branches of the facial artery in this region, there could be a possibility of ophthalmic complications in case of an accidental intra-arterial injection of filler material. This may cause devastating complications of partial or complete vision loss with or without associated cutaneous ischaemic changes. We present a case report of a patient who developed features of vascular involvement after two ml of HA filler injection in the nasal dorsum, tip and columella. The patient initially developed tell-tale signs of impending skin necrosis in the nasal and forehead skin followed by ptosis, severe pain and progressive vision loss in the right eye until a point where the patient could only perceive light. The patient was managed with multiple doses of hyaluronidase in the involved skin and two doses of retrobulbar injection for vision loss. Significant recovery in the skin and ophthalmic components occurred within 20 days of filler injection. This case demonstrates that recovery of the ischaemic ophthalmic and cutaneous changes secondary to probable intra-arterial injection could be accomplished using combined retrobulbar and periorbital intracutaneous injections of high-dose pulsed hyaluronidase. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Cosmetic Techniques; Dermal Fillers; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; Ischemia; Nose; Pulse Therapy, Drug; Recovery of Function; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Skin; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Angiography, Digital Subtraction; Blindness; Carotid Artery Injuries; Carotid Artery, Internal; Contraindications; Decompression, Surgical; Embolization, Therapeutic; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Neurosurgical Procedures; Nose; Optic Nerve Injuries; Retrospective Studies; Stents; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Epistaxis is the most common ENT emergency encountered in the Emergency Department. Most cases can be managed by simple anterior nasal packing. This is usually a safe and very effective option in an emergency situation, requiring minimal expertise and infrastructure. This paper describes a rare instance of a serious complication following anterior nasal packing in a case of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.. A 27-year-old man diagnosed with nasopharyngeal angiofibroma presented to the Emergency Department with bilateral epistaxis. The patient was stabilised and anterior nasal packing was performed, which controlled the bleeding. Three hours later, the patient developed complete blindness in both eyes. Aggressive medical management was initiated immediately, but failed to restore the patient's vision.. Anterior nasal packing is a simple and minimally invasive procedure practised regularly in an Emergency Department setting. However, it can occasionally lead to serious complications such as blindness. Thus, obtaining informed consent is essential to avoid medico-legal consequences in high-risk cases.

Topics: Adult; Angiofibroma; Blindness; Epistaxis; Hemostatic Techniques; Humans; Male; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nose

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Brain Infarction; Cosmetic Techniques; Female; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nose; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Viscosupplements

We report a case of unilateral blindness and panophthalmoplegia after hyaluronic acid injection into the dorsum of the nose in a healthy young woman. Microspheres of hyaluronic acid are popular fillers for facial rejuvenation. While ocular side effects from injections in the nose and face have been reported following turbinate injection, rhinoplasty and infraorbital nerve block, ocular side effects from injection into the dorsum of the nose are extremely rare. We presume that the symptoms were due to obstruction of the branches of the ophthalmic artery. Under high injection pressure, the microspheres travelled to the ophthalmic artery and were propelled by the blood flow to the central retinal artery and the anterior and posterior long ciliary arteries, leading to her symptoms. Alternatively, there are several arterio-venous anastomotic channels in the nasal mucosa that aid heat exchange. These may have been the conduit for reflux of the filler into the arterial side of the regional circulation. Physicians must remain aware of serious complications during cosmetic injections to this region.

Topics: Blindness; Brain; Cosmetic Techniques; Female; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nose; Ocular Motility Disorders; Optic Disk; Retinal Artery Occlusion

Topics: Adult; Biocompatible Materials; Blindness; Durapatite; Embolism; Female; Humans; Injections; Nose

We report a case of unilateral blindness due to ophthalmic artery occlusion following injection of hyaluronic acid into the glabellar area for facial soft-tissue augmentation.. A 20-year old woman underwent injection of hyaluronic acid into the glabellar area at an aesthetic plastic clinic. Immediately after injection, she suffered nausea, pain, paralysis of limbs and visual loss in her right eye. Hyaluronidase was instanly injected into the same place, but these symptoms did not improve. She was transferred to our hospital's emergency department. At the first examination, she had no light perception in the right eye and her right pupil was dilated. The fundus examination revealed right central artery occlusion. No significant findings were detected in her head. Eye ball massage, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and drip infusion of urokinase were conducted, but no improvement resulted. Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography showed no filling of the right retinal and choroidal arteries. Electroretinogram was completely disappeared. Magnetic resonance angiography could not reveal the obstruction point of the ophthalmic artery.. Ophthalmic artery occlusion was believed to have occured after injection of hyaluronic acid into the glabellar area.

Topics: Blindness; Cosmetic Techniques; Female; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Iatrogenic Disease; Injections; Nose; Ophthalmic Artery; Young Adult

Topics: Adipose Tissue; Blindness; Cosmetic Techniques; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Nose; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Risk Factors

Urban areas are traditionally excluded from trachoma surveillance activities, but due to rapid expansion and population growth, the urban area of Brikama in The Gambia may be developing social problems that are known risk factors for trachoma. It is also a destination for many migrants who may be introducing active trachoma into the area. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for follicular trachoma and trichiasis in Brikama.. A community-based cross-sectional prevalence survey including 27 randomly selected households in 12 randomly selected enumeration areas (EAs) of Brikama. Selected households were offered eye examinations, and the severity of trachoma was graded according to WHO's simplified grading system. Risk factor data were collected from each household via a questionnaire.. The overall prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) in children aged 1-9 years was 3.8% (95% CI 2.5-5.6), and the overall prevalence of trichiasis in adults aged ≥15 years was 0.46% (95% CI 0.17-1.14). EA prevalence of TF varied from 0% to 8.4%. The major risk factors for TF were dirty faces (P < 0.01, OR = 9.23, 95% CI 1.97-43.23), nasal discharge (P = 0.039, OR = 5.11, 95% CI 1.08-24.10) and residency in Brikama for <1 year (P = 0.047, OR = 7.78, 95% CI 1.03-59.03).. Follicular trachoma can be considered to have been eliminated as a public health problem in Brikama according to WHO criteria. However, as the prevalence in some EAs is >5%, it may be prudent to include Brikama in surveillance programmes. Trichiasis remains a public health problem (>0.1%), and active case finding needs to be undertaken.

Topics: Blindness; Child; Child, Preschool; Chlamydia trachomatis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emigration and Immigration; Face; Female; Gambia; Health Surveys; Humans; Hygiene; Infant; Male; Mucus; Nose; Population Surveillance; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Trachoma; Transients and Migrants; Trichiasis; Urban Population

Topics: Adult; Biocompatible Materials; Blindness; Cosmetic Techniques; Durapatite; Humans; Injections; Male; Nose

To investigate the clinical manifestations and visual prognosis of retinal artery occlusion resulting from cosmetic facial filler injections.. Retrospective, noncomparative case series.. Setting. Institutional. Study Population. Twelve consecutive patients with retinal artery occlusion caused by cosmetic facial filler injections. Main Outcome Measures. Filler materials, injection sites, best-corrected visual acuities, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography findings, and associated ocular and systemic manifestations.. Seven, 2, and 3 patients had ophthalmic, central retinal, and branch retinal artery occlusions, respectively. Injected materials included autologous fat (7 cases), hyaluronic acid (4 cases), and collagen (1 case), and injection sites were the glabellar region (7 cases), nasolabial fold (4 cases), or both (1 case). Injected autologous fat was associated with worse final best-corrected visual acuity than the other materials. All patients with ophthalmic artery occlusion had ocular pain and no improvement in best-corrected visual acuity. Optical coherence tomography revealed thinner and less vascular choroids in eyes with ophthalmic artery occlusion than in adjacent normal eyes. Concomitant brain infarction developed in 2 cases each of central retinal artery occlusion and ophthalmic artery occlusion. Phthisis developed in 1 case of ophthalmic artery occlusion.. Cosmetic filler injections into the glabellar region or nasolabial fold can cause retinal artery occlusion. Iatrogenic ophthalmic artery occlusion is associated with painful blindness, a thin choroid, brain infarction, and poor visual outcomes, particularly when autologous fat is used. Ophthalmic examination and systematic brain magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in patients with ocular pain after such injections.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Blindness; Cerebral Infarction; Collagen; Cosmetic Techniques; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Forehead; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Iatrogenic Disease; Nose; Prognosis; Retinal Artery Occlusion; Retrospective Studies; Subcutaneous Fat; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Transplantation, Autologous; Visual Acuity; Young Adult

To explore the operative method and effect of fracture of orbital floor defects repaired with tragus cartilage through Cald-well-Luc approach under nasal endoscope.. Fifteen cases suffered fracture of orbital floor defects(blow out fracture) were analyzed retrospectively. Oral vestibular incision were done directly to tip teeth kennel, maxillary sinus anterior forewall was chiseled with 2 cm x 2 cm size, orbital floor fracture defect size was probed under nasal endoscope, and the fracture of orbital floor defects was repaired with tragus cartilage.. Fifteen cases were successfully operated and no cases showed vision loss,diplopia, enophthalmos obviously after operation,while 3 case were a little eyeball limitation of activity and restored basically after one month. With two years of follow up, there were no spurious eyelid drooping, up-eyelid lacuna deepen, eyelid diameter shorten and facial deformity were found. Both eye-balls were basical symmetry and no complications were happened.. It is a satisfactory, effective and aminimally invasive surgical method without facial scars and eyelid ectropion for fracture of orbital floor defects repaired with tragus cartilage through Cald-well-Luc approach under nasal endoscope.

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Cartilage; Diplopia; Ear Auricle; Endoscopes; Endoscopy; Enophthalmos; Female; Humans; Male; Maxillary Sinus; Middle Aged; Nose; Orbital Fractures; Retrospective Studies

This article presents a detailed description and illustration of the skull of Liotyphlops albirostris in comparison to the skulls of Typhlophis squamosus, Leptotyphlops dulcis, and Typhlops jamaicensis, based on high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (HRXCT). The skull of T. squamosus is illustrated and discussed in detail for the first time. A number of uniquely shared derived characters is identified that support the monophyly of the clade Anomalepididae. Anomalepidids retain some features that are plesiomorphic relative to other scolecophidians, such as the presence of a supratemporal (except in Anomalepis) and ectopterygoid. The homology of the element located posteroventral to the eyeball in anomalepidids and variably referred to as a jugal or postorbital (or a fusion of both in Anomalepis) remains unknown. Scolecophidians exhibit a highly derived skull morphology adapted to head-first burrowing. Both anomalepidids and typhlopids evolved a condition known as an "outer shell design," but did so in different ways. Leptotyphlopids combine elements of both the anomalepidid and typhlopid snout morphologies.

Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Anatomy, Comparative; Animal Structures; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Biological Evolution; Blindness; Classification; Nose; Orbit; Phylogeny; Skull; Snakes; Species Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To explore the causes and the management of serious eye complications occurring in the endoscopic sinus surgery.. Three patients of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps suffered with blindness in endoscopic sinus surgery and in nasal packing with iodoform and petrolatum gauze were treated.. Orbital wall and structure were injured in 2 cases during endoscopic sinus surgery, among which, 1 case blinded with deformation of the eyeball during operation underwent optic nerve exploration and orbital muscle reparation immediately. One case developed periocular swelling, eyelid hematoma, conjunctiva edema and blinded 2 days later, and was treated with hematoma clearance and optic nerve decompression. Another 1 case blinded immediately after ethmoid packing, and vision recovered after nasal pack removed. Antibiotics, corticosteroid and nerve growth factor were administered for 4 weeks in all patients. After 6-month follow-up, 1 case was blinded with eyeball atrophy, 1 case was only photonasty, another regained normal vision.. The causes of blindness in endoscopic sinus surgery are directly related to orbital structure trauma and orbital hematoma. The optic nerve during operation should be protected carefully, if ethmoid sinus over development is demonstrated by CT scan. The application of gauze should be avoided when the medial orbital wall is injured. Decompression of optic nerve should be performed as early as possible, if vision damaged.

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; Postoperative Complications

To provide transnasal endoscopic optic canal decompression with the anatomic reference.. 15 samples of the adult corpse wet specimen (30 sides for the optic canal) were examined under the endoscope to scrutinize the regional anatomy of the optic canal.. distance between the spina nasalis anterior and the midpoint of optic canal medial wall is (61.02 +/- 5.83) mm, and the angle between spina nasalis anterior and the midpoint of optic canal medial wall is (45.1 +/- 4.81) degrees. The medial wall of optic canal is longest, with an average length of (11.61 +/- 1.58) mm; the lateral wall of optic canal is thickest, and the medial wall thinnest. 10 traumatic blind patient underwent endoscopic optic canal decompression with satisfactory outcome.. The regional anatomy of the optic canal under endoscope is of importance to endoscopic optic canal decompression. Which is microinvasive with direct approach and clear view thus is widely used in clinical practice.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blindness; Child; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Optic Nerve; Orbit; Young Adult

Transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression was recommended to treat traumatic optic neuropathy as an effectively adjunctive procedure. The aim of this study was to assess the risks and benefits of salvage surgical decompression for complete vision loss (no light detection) after failure of mega-dose steroid therapy.. Retrospective study.. Two hospitals in Guangzhou and Nanjing, China.. Forty-two patients of traumatic optic neuropathy with complete vision loss and failed to improve after steroid therapy for at least 3 days.. All patients were treated by transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression and received follow-up for at least 6 month. Vision improvement and complications were evaluated.. Transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression was performed successfully in 40 patients and was incomplete in two patients due to bleeding. Vision improved in four of 42 patients (9.5%) of traumatic optic neuropathy with complete vision loss and failed steroid therapy. Complications and sequelae included severe bleeding (two cases), cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (one case), nasal polyps (seven cases), chronic sinusitis (four cases) and nasal synechia (17 cases).. Transnasal endoscopic optic nerve decompression was recommended as a minimally invasive, safe procedure, but complications and sequelae of the surgery should not be neglected. Based on the risk and benefit analysis, we conclude that the very poor surgical outcomes of this series do not support endoscopic optic nerve decompression for traumatic blindness.

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Chi-Square Distribution; Decompression, Surgical; Endoscopy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Optic Nerve Injuries; Postoperative Complications; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Salvage Therapy; Treatment Outcome

Sinonasal lymphomas are uncommon malignancies. They are difficult to differentiate from carcinomas, and immunohistochemistry is needed to make the diagnosis. We describe an unusual case of a T cell lymphoma that involved only the paranasal sinuses in a middle-aged man. The patient presented with a complete loss of vision in one eye and lateral rectus muscle palsy, but no nasal symptoms.

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Leukocyte Common Antigens; Lymphoma, T-Cell; Male; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Nose; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Treatment Outcome

We placed pellets of horseradish peroxidase in the superior colliculus of four macaque monkeys and retrogradely labelled the retinal ganglion cells of both eyes. The ratio of labelled cells in the contralateral nasal retina and the ipsilateral temporal retina was no different from the ratio found after implants in the optic nerve, which label the entire afferent pathway. Our finding therefore invalidates the proposal that prominent differences in the properties of "blindsight" in monocular nasal and temporal visual fields arise from differences in the projection from the nasal and temporal retina to the midbrain. We also measured the size of the soma and dendritic field of the labelled ganglion cells (mostly gamma cells) and compared them with those of alpha and beta cells that project to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Soma size was very close to that of beta cells at all eccentricities but was much smaller than that of alpha cells. Dendritic field size was significantly larger than that of beta cells but was smaller than that of alpha cells. The number of primary dendrites was counted for cells labelled from the midbrain and in samples of alpha and beta cells labelled from the optic nerve. At eccentricities of 3-7 mm there was a consistent and prominent difference between beta and gamma cells. The results show that at intermediate eccentricities even ganglion cells whose distal dendrites are too poorly labelled to reveal their morphological class can never the less be categorized as alpha, beta or gamma by using a combination of soma size and number of primary dendrites. This is particularly useful when attempting to classify retinal ganglion cells following microinjections into selected target nuclei of optic axons.

Topics: Animals; Blindness; Cell Size; Dendrites; Histocytochemistry; Horseradish Peroxidase; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mesencephalon; Nose; Optic Nerve; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Temporal Lobe; Vision, Ocular; Visual Pathways

In order to illustrate the necessity of obtaining informed consent before any form of nasal sinus surgery, the authors present 23 cases of insurance claims filed between 1976 and 1986 in private practice. Ten serious complications (6 cases of blindness, 4 fractures of the anterior cranial (fossa) and eight cases of oculomotor nerve paralysis are reported. The legal proceedings demonstrate the real risks of radical surgery to the sinuses, as well as intranasal ethmoidectomy and rhinoplasties.

Topics: Blindness; Ethmoid Bone; Humans; Iatrogenic Disease; Malpractice; Nose; Ophthalmoplegia; Paranasal Sinuses; Postoperative Complications; Rhinoplasty

Visual loss occurred after subcutaneous silicone-oil injection for cosmetic purposes. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of amaurosis caused by a subcutaneous foreign-material injection that spared the central retinal artery and affected portions of the posterior ciliary-artery distribution, including a probable cilioretinal artery. The visual-field defects produced allow a rare opportunity to view the distribution of the human posterior ciliary-artery circulation by means of this in vivo pathologic embolic process. The facial arterial anatomy pertinent to ocular embolism is also discussed.

Topics: Adult; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Blindness; Ciliary Body; Esthetics; Eye; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Nose; Pain; Retinal Diseases; Silicone Oils

Topics: Adult; Blindness; Humans; Male; Nose; Optic Nerve; Optic Nerve Injuries; Visual Acuity; Wounds, Stab

The injection of a suspension of hydrocortisone into a keloidal scar of the nose of a 72 year-old man and of a foamy solution of hydroxypolyethoxydodecane into a little haemangioma situated above the right eyebrow of a 29 year-old woman was followed by sudden blindness of the homolateral eye in each case. This is basically explained by the involuntary injection of embolizing material into the anastomoses between the external and internal carotid arteries within the orbit. Therefore, the injection of embolizing material into the skin of the face should be avoided.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Blindness; Carotid Arteries; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Hemangioma; Humans; Keloid; Male; Nose

An outbreak of ataxia, blindness, respiratory disease and kerato-conjunctivitis occurred in October 1972 in a beef feedlot in Cyprus. Fifteen animals died and 10 that were severely ataxic were slaughtered; many animals became blind. There was no opportunity to isolate virus when the disease was active but in March and October 1973 infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus was isolated from cattle after they had been treated corticosteroids to stimulate virus excretion. It is probable that IBR virus caused the disease. This is the first report of the isolation of IBR virus from cattle in Cyprus.

Topics: Animals; Ataxia; Blindness; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Conjunctiva; Cyprus; Dexamethasone; Female; Flumethasone; Glucocorticoids; Herpesvirus 1, Bovine; Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis; Keratoconjunctivitis; Male; Neutralization Tests; Nose; Penis; Prednisolone; Respiratory Tract Infections

Topics: Abscess; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blepharoptosis; Blindness; Cellulitis; Conjunctiva; Cornea; Diagnosis, Differential; Edema; Ethmoid Bone; Eye Diseases; Eyelids; Face; Hypesthesia; Lacrimal Apparatus; Neuralgia; Nose; Ophthalmic Nerve; Ophthalmoplegia; Optic Neuritis; Orbit; Papilledema; Periosteum; Prednisone; Pupil; Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial; Sinusitis

Topics: Adolescent; Blindness; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Visual Fields

Topics: Aerosols; Amines; Ammonia; Animals; Blindness; Blood Cell Count; Cornea; Dogs; Enzymes; Ethanol; Eye; Female; Formaldehyde; Glycols; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Kidney; Lung; Male; Nose; Rabbits; Rats

Topics: Blindness; Cavernous Sinus; Furunculosis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nose; Thrombophlebitis

Topics: Arteriovenous Fistula; Blindness; Carotid Arteries; Cataract; Cavernous Sinus; Facial Injuries; Fistula; Glaucoma; Humans; Nose