phenylephrine-hydrochloride and Attention-Deficit-Disorder-with-Hyperactivity

We aimed to evaluate the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and self-inserted foreign bodies (SIFBs) in children by the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised (CPRS-R).. Forty-five children (31 males and 14 females) with self-inserted foreign body of ear/nose and 37 healthy children (22 males and 15 females) included into the study. They were all between 3 and 9 years old. The parents filled the socio-demographic information form including age, gender, demographic data, previous medical history of the child and features of the family; and completed the Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised (CPRS-R) questionnaire.. In the SIFB group (study), 55.6% of the children were not attending to the school, 31.1% of them were attending to the primary school and 13.3% of them were the pre-school student. These rates were 37.8%, 32.4% and 29.7%, respectively, in the control group. The all CPRS-R subscale values (CG/I, H, ADHD-I, CGI-DI, DSMIV SS-I, DSM-IV SS-HI and DSM-IV SS-T) were significantly higher in the study group than the control group. There was no significant correlation between gender of the children and CPRS-R subscales. Children with lower school success, and having previous psychiatric problems were related to higher CPRS-R values in all subscales. In older children, hyperactivity scores were lower; and in younger children and the children, not going to the school, hyperactivity scores were higher. CPRS-R scores decreased as the child grown.. It was concluded that children with ADHD were more likely to have conditions that might damage himself/herself such as self-inserted foreign body or trauma than normal children. To avoid this condition, these families should closely observe the child; and the child should be provided to participate in activities such as group games and activities that contribute to the development of the child. Warning the children properly and close follow-up of the young children are required to prevent this unwanted condition.

Topics: Age Distribution; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Case-Control Studies; Causality; Chi-Square Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Ear; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Incidence; Male; Nose; Parents; Prospective Studies; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Self-Injurious Behavior; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Distribution; Socioeconomic Factors; Statistics, Nonparametric

Otorhinologic trauma is an important condition at the ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic in children. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been identified as a potential risk factor that may contribute to the incidence of traumatic injuries. The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is an association between otorhinologic trauma and ADHD symptoms in children.. A prospective study was conducted between September 2017 and March 2018. Fifty-six pediatric patients admitted to the Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) outpatient clinic of a research and training hospital aged between 4 and 18 years were included. The control group consisted of 56 age- and gender-similar children without otorhinologic trauma. Conner's parent Rating Scale (CPRS) was used to evaluate the ADHD symptoms.. The children with otorhinologic trauma had significantly higher mean scores in all subscales, including inattentiveness, hyperactivity, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, analysis of the study group showed that the hyperactivity score in the subgroup with a history of repetitive injuries were significantly higher than those of the subgroup without a history of repetitive injuries (p < 0.05).. These findings suggest that patients admitted to the ENT outpatient clinic for otorhinologic trauma had a higher number of ADHD and ODD symptoms than those who did not have otorhinologic trauma. Psychiatric evaluation for ADHD and ODD should be considered for patients admitted to clinics with similar injuries, especially those who have a history of repetitive injuries.

Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Child, Preschool; Craniocerebral Trauma; Ear; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Nose; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors

Children with psychological disorders are prone to various unintentional injuries, one of the most common of which is foreign body inserting. In spite of the high incidence, the association is not studied yet.. This is a case control study in otorhinolaryngology and psychology departments, at a tertiary referral teaching hospital. One hundred five children (2-12 years old) who were referred for removal of foreign bodies in their ear or nose over a period of one year were selected for the study. Also, 155 children were selected and matched from the same community as the controls. Parents were given the standard strengths and difficulty questionnaire (SDQ) for psychological evaluation of their child. The total score and also the subscales for emotional symptoms, hyperactivity disorders, conduct problems, peer-relationship problemsand prosocialbehaviors were recorded and statistical analysis was performed.. In the case group, 34 cases (%32.4) were suffering from foreign bodies in their ear, 70 cases (%66.7) in their nose, and just one case (%1) in both. Age and sex distributionin the two groups were comparable. There were significant differences of SDQ scores between the two groups in total score (p < 0.001), emotional symptoms (p < 0.001), hyperactivity disorders (p < 0.001), conduct problems (p < 0.001), and prosocial behaviors (p < 0.001). However peer-relationship problems showed no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.161).. Psychological problems are more common in children with foreign bodies than the controls. Thus physicians are recommended to consider referring these patients to the pediatric psychologist.

Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Conduct Disorder; Ear; Emotions; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Incidence; Interpersonal Relations; Iran; Male; Mental Disorders; Nose; Otolaryngology; Parents; Peer Group; Problem Behavior; Social Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires

To investigate whether the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is higher in children presenting with nasal and aural foreign bodies than in the control group.. The present study was conducted between April 2012 and December 2012 and included 60 pediatric patients presenting with self-inserted nasal and aural foreign bodies and 50 healthy controls aged between 3 and 9 years. The Conner Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) and Turgay's DSM-IV based ADHD and disruptive behavior disorders screening scale (T-DSM-IV-Scale) were used to investigate ADHD.. The difference between the patient group and the control group was significant with respect to the abnormal scores obtained from all the subscales (p < 0.05). In children between 5 and 9 years of age, the abnormal scores were significantly higher in the patients than the controls for all the subscales (p < 0.05). However, in children between 3 and 4 years of age, there were no significant differences between the patients and the controls for the scores obtained from all the subscales (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the patients with a previous history of self-inserted foreign bodies and those without any history of foreign body insertion (p > 0.05).. The findings of our study demonstrated a possible association between the self-insertion of nasal and aural foreign bodies and ADHD. Clinicians should be aware of the possible presence of ADHD in children, especially in those patients between 5 and 9 years of age who present with self-inserted nasal and aural foreign bodies.

Topics: Age Factors; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Ear; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Male; Nose; Prevalence; Risk-Taking; Self-Injurious Behavior

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the commonest behaviour disorders in children, characterized by hyperactivity, inattention and impulsiveness. Tendency towards risk-taking behaviour and accident proneness is well recognized in these children. Accordingly, it could be hypothesized that children with ADHD are at increased risk for self-inserting foreign bodies, but a Medline search did not reveal any studies that investigated this possibility.. To study the prevalence of ADHD among children seen with self-inserted foreign bodies.. Children attending ENT service in a tertiary care children's hospital with self-inserted foreign bodies were assessed for the presence of ADHD. Two rating scales, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)-Parent Version, and Conners Parent Rating Scale (CPRS) were used to identify the cardinal features of ADHD.. A total of 34 children, age 3-10 years, participated in the study. Majority (51.6%) were female. Nearly 25% had one or more previous incidents of foreign body insertion and 20% had previous accidental injuries that needed hospitalization. A prevalence of 14.3% for ADHD was identified, which is almost 3 times more than that reported in a previous study among children attending medical and surgical outpatient clinics (5.1%). High rates for abnormal hyperactivity scores were reported by parents, 37.4% with SDQ and 20% with CPRS. Although 64.7% of the sample was under 5 years, almost all children who were identified with ADHD belonged to 5-10 year age group, thus effectively excluding younger aged children who may have age related apparent hyperactivity.. Awareness of possible association between self-insertion of foreign bodies and ADHD is needed and an assessment for hyperactivity/ADHD is justified in such children, especially in those over the age of 5 years.

Topics: Age Distribution; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Ear; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Male; Nose; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Sex Distribution; Sri Lanka