phentolamine has been researched along with Chronic Illness in 48 studies
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.
phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
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"Recently it has been shown that patients with atopic rhinitis and with an allergy to house dust mites have a stronger nasal response to insufflation of histamine, methacholine and phentolamine than a control group." | 7.68 | Nasal hyper-responsiveness to histamine, methacholine and phentolamine in patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis and in patients with infectious rhinitis. ( Dieges, PH; Gerth van Wijk, R, 1991) |
"The haemodynamic effects of phentolamine, a selective alpha blocker, were studied in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and cardiac failure in the acute (Group I, 7 cases) or chronic (Group II, 7 cases) phase of myocardial infarction." | 7.67 | [Hemodynamic effects of phentolamine in acute and chronic mitral insufficiency after myocardial infarction]. ( Bernard, R; Jacobs, P; Kostucki, W; Renard, M; Sobkowicz-Wozniak, B, 1985) |
"Therapy with phentolamine can improve the condition of patients with congestive heart failure due to the inotropic effect of this drug, as well as its vasodilating action." | 7.66 | Oral therapy with phentolamine in chronic congestive heart failure. ( Gould, LA; Reddy, CV, 1979) |
"Vasodilative treatment of severe heart failure with infusions of phentolamine leads to ventricular unloading and in many cases brings about a dramatic improvement of the patient's condition." | 7.65 | [Treatment of heart failure with phentolamine (Regitin)]. ( Imhof, P, 1977) |
"Chronic neurogenic facial pain is commonly resistant to treatment and is often the source of significant patient morbidity." | 6.69 | Chronic neurogenic facial pain: lack of response to intravenous phentolamine. ( Chaudry, A; Keith, DA; Maciewicz, RJ; Scrivani, SJ, 1999) |
"Systemic phentolamine administration has been suggested as a diagnostic tool for identifying patients with sympathetically maintained pain (SMP) (Raja et al." | 5.08 | Monitoring adequacy of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade following systemic phentolamine administration. ( Campbell, JN; Meleka, S; Raja, SN; Turnquist, JL, 1996) |
" However, the gastroprotective effect of chronic stress was not manifested and there was no aggravation of indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, either." | 3.79 | Does chronic stress enhance the risk of diseases? ( Filaretova, L; Laszlo, F; Morozova, O; Morschl, E; Zelena, D, 2013) |
" A 58-year-old man with multiple arthritis of rheumatic arthritis and fibromyalgia had headache, nausea, and vomiting all day after ketamine test." | 3.73 | [Postponed or canceled drug challenge tests and side effects of the test drug--a report of four cases]. ( Ann, Y; Arita, H; Asahara, M; Hanaoka, K; Kawamura, G; Mizuno, J; Sekiyama, H, 2006) |
"Hypertension is elicited by chronic, low dose intracerebroventricular (ICV) angiotensin II (AII) infusion in rats raised from weaning on relatively high sodium chloride diet (250 mEq kg(-1) food)." | 3.70 | Alpha-adrenergic systems mediate chronic central AII hypertension in rats fed high sodium chloride diet from weaning. ( Camara, AK; Osborn, JL, 1999) |
"Recently it has been shown that patients with atopic rhinitis and with an allergy to house dust mites have a stronger nasal response to insufflation of histamine, methacholine and phentolamine than a control group." | 3.68 | Nasal hyper-responsiveness to histamine, methacholine and phentolamine in patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis and in patients with infectious rhinitis. ( Dieges, PH; Gerth van Wijk, R, 1991) |
"The haemodynamic effects of phentolamine, a selective alpha blocker, were studied in patients with severe mitral regurgitation and cardiac failure in the acute (Group I, 7 cases) or chronic (Group II, 7 cases) phase of myocardial infarction." | 3.67 | [Hemodynamic effects of phentolamine in acute and chronic mitral insufficiency after myocardial infarction]. ( Bernard, R; Jacobs, P; Kostucki, W; Renard, M; Sobkowicz-Wozniak, B, 1985) |
"Therapy with phentolamine can improve the condition of patients with congestive heart failure due to the inotropic effect of this drug as well as its vasodilating action." | 3.66 | Noninvasive assessment of load reduction in chronic congestive heart failure patients. ( Becker, WH; Gomes, GI; Gould, L; Patel, S; Reddy, CV, 1981) |
"Therapy with phentolamine can improve the condition of patients with congestive heart failure due to the inotropic effect of this drug, as well as its vasodilating action." | 3.66 | Oral therapy with phentolamine in chronic congestive heart failure. ( Gould, LA; Reddy, CV, 1979) |
" New drugs for the treatment of severe congestive heart failure include dopamine, which has a selective nonadrenergic dilator effect on the renal vascular bed, and dobutamine, which has potent inotropic effects, lowers the left ventricular filling pressure and does not increase the heart rate or the systemic vascular resistance." | 3.66 | Contributions of hemodynamic monitoring to the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. ( Armstrong, PW, 1979) |
"Vasodilative treatment of severe heart failure with infusions of phentolamine leads to ventricular unloading and in many cases brings about a dramatic improvement of the patient's condition." | 3.65 | [Treatment of heart failure with phentolamine (Regitin)]. ( Imhof, P, 1977) |
"Atypical odontalgia is a distressing and unusual chronic orofacial pain condition." | 2.69 | Analysis of 50 patients with atypical odontalgia. A preliminary report on pharmacological procedures for diagnosis and treatment. ( Chisholm, K; Cousins, MJ; Vickers, ER; Walker, S, 1998) |
"Chronic neurogenic facial pain is commonly resistant to treatment and is often the source of significant patient morbidity." | 2.69 | Chronic neurogenic facial pain: lack of response to intravenous phentolamine. ( Chaudry, A; Keith, DA; Maciewicz, RJ; Scrivani, SJ, 1999) |
"Pretreatment with phentolamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist, inhibited the increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance index and restored the decrease in the systemic vascular resistance index during exercise in the bilateral group." | 1.30 | Simultaneous evaluation of left- and right-sided heart pumping function during dynamic leg exercise in patients with mild chronic congestive heart failure, with special reference to afterload and plasma noradrenaline. ( Asano, K; Fujiwara, H; Ito, H; Kakami, M; Koshiji, M; Minatoguchi, S; Uno, Y; Yokoyama, H, 1997) |
"Results revealed that adjuvant arthritis produced significant hyperventilation in animals with control transplants, as indicated by increased tidal volumes and minute ventilation, which paralleled the progression of the inflammatory process." | 1.29 | Attenuation of pain-related hyperventilation in adjuvant arthritic rats with adrenal medullary transplants in the spinal subarachnoid space. ( Sagen, J; Wang, H, 1995) |
"4 Fludrocortisone treatment increased the pressor sensitivity to intravenous saralasin but not to angiotensin-II." | 1.26 | The pressor actions of noradrenaline, angiotensin II and saralasin in chronic autonomic failure treated with fludrocortisone. ( Bannester, R; Davies, B; Sever, P; Wilcox, C, 1979) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 27 (56.25) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 14 (29.17) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 6 (12.50) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 1 (2.08) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
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Filaretova, L | 1 |
Morozova, O | 1 |
Laszlo, F | 1 |
Morschl, E | 1 |
Zelena, D | 1 |
Hanaoka, K | 2 |
Arita, H | 2 |
Nagase, M | 1 |
Ide, Y | 1 |
Tagami, M | 1 |
Hayashida, M | 1 |
Cohen, SP | 1 |
Kapoor, SG | 1 |
Rathmell, JP | 1 |
Wang, Y | 1 |
Liu, XF | 1 |
Cornish, KG | 1 |
Zucker, IH | 1 |
Patel, KP | 1 |
Santos, AC | 1 |
Alves, MJ | 1 |
Rondon, MU | 1 |
Barretto, AC | 1 |
Middlekauff, HR | 1 |
Negrão, CE | 1 |
Mizuno, J | 1 |
Ann, Y | 1 |
Kawamura, G | 1 |
Asahara, M | 1 |
Sekiyama, H | 1 |
Novikov, SV | 1 |
Mareev, VIu | 1 |
Mason, DT | 1 |
Awan, NA | 1 |
Joye, JA | 1 |
Lee, G | 1 |
DeMaria, AN | 1 |
Amsterdam, EA | 1 |
Gunnar, RM | 1 |
Gould, L | 3 |
Reddy, CV | 2 |
Patel, S | 1 |
Gomes, GI | 1 |
Becker, WH | 1 |
Packer, M | 1 |
Meller, J | 1 |
Medina, N | 1 |
Yushak, M | 1 |
Gorlin, R | 1 |
Van Mieghem, W | 1 |
Stevens, E | 1 |
Billiet, L | 1 |
Sparwasser, C | 1 |
Drescher, P | 1 |
Pust, RA | 1 |
Madsen, PO | 1 |
Wang, H | 2 |
Sagen, J | 2 |
Raja, SN | 2 |
Turnquist, JL | 1 |
Meleka, S | 1 |
Campbell, JN | 2 |
Breivik, H | 1 |
Kontani, H | 1 |
Hayashi, K | 1 |
Minatoguchi, S | 1 |
Ito, H | 1 |
Asano, K | 1 |
Koshiji, M | 1 |
Uno, Y | 1 |
Kakami, M | 1 |
Yokoyama, H | 1 |
Fujiwara, H | 1 |
Vickers, ER | 1 |
Cousins, MJ | 1 |
Walker, S | 1 |
Chisholm, K | 1 |
Liu, Y | 1 |
Tsuchihashi, T | 1 |
Kagiyama, S | 1 |
Matsumura, K | 1 |
Abe, I | 1 |
Fujishima, M | 1 |
Camara, AK | 1 |
Osborn, JL | 1 |
Scrivani, SJ | 1 |
Chaudry, A | 1 |
Maciewicz, RJ | 1 |
Keith, DA | 1 |
Chen, Y | 1 |
Shu, Y | 1 |
Zhao, Z | 1 |
Hord, AH | 1 |
Denson, DD | 1 |
Stowe, B | 1 |
Haygood, RM | 1 |
Lemke, R | 1 |
Lippok, R | 1 |
Kaltenbach, M | 1 |
Bussmann, WD | 1 |
Schröder, R | 1 |
Gould, LA | 1 |
Taylor, SH | 1 |
Davies, B | 1 |
Bannester, R | 1 |
Sever, P | 1 |
Wilcox, C | 1 |
Armstrong, PW | 1 |
McGrath, BP | 1 |
Tiller, DJ | 1 |
Bune, A | 1 |
Chalmers, JP | 1 |
Korner, PI | 1 |
Uther, JB | 1 |
Imhof, P | 1 |
Yañez, AP | 1 |
Fernández, CJ | 1 |
Mejias, MM | 1 |
Rojas, MT | 1 |
Velasco, FT | 1 |
Cortina de Luna, JL | 1 |
Treede, RD | 1 |
Davis, KD | 1 |
Gerth van Wijk, R | 1 |
Dieges, PH | 1 |
Pappas, GD | 1 |
Terekova, R | 1 |
Shenderov, SM | 1 |
Terek, I | 1 |
Puyau, FA | 1 |
Lewis, RW | 1 |
Balkin, P | 1 |
Kaack, MB | 1 |
Hirsch, A | 1 |
Serbin, VI | 1 |
Ivanov, AP | 1 |
Loginova, IF | 1 |
Borisov, BE | 1 |
Renard, M | 1 |
Jacobs, P | 1 |
Sobkowicz-Wozniak, B | 1 |
Kostucki, W | 1 |
Bernard, R | 1 |
Geggel, RL | 1 |
Dozor, AJ | 1 |
Fyler, DC | 1 |
Reid, LM | 1 |
Fregnan, GB | 1 |
Spath, P | 1 |
Dittrich, P | 1 |
Sailer, S | 1 |
Sandhofer, F | 1 |
DeMartino, A | 2 |
Gomprecht, RF | 2 |
Umali, F | 1 |
Michael, A | 1 |
Hardarson, T | 1 |
Ziady, GM | 1 |
Curiel, R | 1 |
Loggie, JM | 1 |
Sicuteri, F | 1 |
Del Bianco, PL | 1 |
Del Bene, E | 1 |
Zahir, M | 1 |
6 reviews available for phentolamine and Chronic Illness
Article | Year |
---|---|
[Selection of drugs suitable for the treatment of intractable chronic pain patients by using drug challenge tests].
Topics: Alprostadil; Analgesics; Barbiturates; Benzodiazepines; Chronic Disease; Humans; Ketamine; Lidocaine | 2008 |
Intravenous infusion tests have limited utility for selecting long-term drug therapy in patients with chronic pain: a systematic review.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Anesthetics, Local; Chr | 2009 |
[Adrenergic alpha-receptor blockaders and direct arteriolar vasodilators in treatment of chronic cardiac insufficiency].
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Arterioles; Cardiac Output, Low; Chronic Disease; Hemodynamics; Humans | 1983 |
The role of vasodilating agents in the treatment of chronic heart failure.
Topics: Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Dobutamine; Heart Failure; Humans; Muscle Contraction; Nitroprussid | 1980 |
[Vasodilator therapy of congestive heart failure].
Topics: Acute Disease; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Humans; Isosorbide Di | 1977 |
Hypertension in children and adolescents. II. Drug therapy.
Topics: Age Factors; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure Determination; Child; Chlorothiazide; Chronic D | 1969 |
5 trials available for phentolamine and Chronic Illness
Article | Year |
---|---|
Long-term results of therapy with intracavernousal injections and penile venous surgery in chronic erectile dysfunction.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Chronic Disease; Drug Combinations; Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Impotence, Vas | 1994 |
Monitoring adequacy of alpha-adrenoceptor blockade following systemic phentolamine administration.
Topics: Adolescent; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, | 1996 |
Analysis of 50 patients with atypical odontalgia. A preliminary report on pharmacological procedures for diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anesthetics, Combined; Anesthetics, Local; | 1998 |
Chronic neurogenic facial pain: lack of response to intravenous phentolamine.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Local; Causalgia; Chronic Disease; Facial Pa | 1999 |
Systemic alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine: a diagnostic test for sympathetically maintained pain.
Topics: Adult; Bupivacaine; Chronic Disease; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ganglia, Sympathetic; Hemodyn | 1991 |
37 other studies available for phentolamine and Chronic Illness
Article | Year |
---|---|
Does chronic stress enhance the risk of diseases?
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Angina Pectoris; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chr | 2013 |
Effects of nNOS antisense in the paraventricular nucleus on blood pressure and heart rate in rats with heart failure.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Blotti | 2005 |
Sympathetic activation restrains endothelium-mediated muscle vasodilatation in heart failure patients.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adult; Cardiac Output, Low; Case-Control Studies; Chron | 2005 |
[Postponed or canceled drug challenge tests and side effects of the test drug--a report of four cases].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Chronic Disease; Female; Fibromyalgia; Humans; Intervertebral Di | 2006 |
Treatment of acute and chronic congestive heart failure by vasodilator-afterload reduction.
Topics: Acute Disease; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Diastole; H | 1980 |
Noninvasive assessment of load reduction in chronic congestive heart failure patients.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Diastole; Digoxin; Diuretics; Echocardiography; Female; Heart Failure; | 1981 |
Determinants of drug response in severe chronic heart failure. 1. Activation of vasoconstrictor forces during vasodilator therapy.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Female; Ferricya | 1981 |
Phentolamine therapy in severe chronic asthmatiform bronchitis.
Topics: Adult; Arteries; Asthma; Blood Pressure; Chronic Disease; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; | 1981 |
Attenuation of pain-related hyperventilation in adjuvant arthritic rats with adrenal medullary transplants in the spinal subarachnoid space.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Catecholamines; Chr | 1995 |
Chronic pain and the sympathetic nervous system.
Topics: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Causalgia; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blin | 1997 |
Urinary bladder response to hypogastric nerve stimulation after bilateral resection of the pelvic nerve or spinal cord injury in rats.
Topics: Animals; Atropine; Chronic Disease; Electric Stimulation; Hexamethonium; Hypogastric Plexus; Nicotin | 1997 |
Simultaneous evaluation of left- and right-sided heart pumping function during dynamic leg exercise in patients with mild chronic congestive heart failure, with special reference to afterload and plasma noradrenaline.
Topics: Aged; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Exercise; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Leg; Middle Ag | 1997 |
Central and peripheral mechanisms involved in hypertension induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase in rats.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Angiotensin II; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Anima | 1998 |
Alpha-adrenergic systems mediate chronic central AII hypertension in rats fed high sodium chloride diet from weaning.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Brain; Chronic Disease; Diet; | 1999 |
Ectopic purinergic sensitivity develops at sites of chronic nerve constriction injury in rat.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Aminophylline; Animals; Chronic Disease; Constric | 1999 |
alpha-1 and alpha-2 Adrenergic antagonists relieve thermal hyperalgesia in experimental mononeuropathy from chronic constriction injury.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-A | 2001 |
[Long-term treatment of chronic congestive heart failure with oral isosorbide dinitrate and phenotoline (author's transl)].
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Female; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Iso | 1979 |
Oral therapy with phentolamine in chronic congestive heart failure.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Female; Heart Failure; Heart Val | 1979 |
Theory and practice in the treatment of heart failure.
Topics: Acute Disease; Catecholamines; Chronic Disease; Digoxin; Diuretics; Electrolytes; Fatty Acids; Gluco | 1979 |
The pressor actions of noradrenaline, angiotensin II and saralasin in chronic autonomic failure treated with fludrocortisone.
Topics: Aged; Angiotensin II; Autonomic Nervous System; Blood Pressure; Chronic Disease; Female; Fludrocorti | 1979 |
Contributions of hemodynamic monitoring to the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Dobutamine; Dopamine; Heart; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hydralazine; Moni | 1979 |
Autonomic blockade and the Valsalva maneuver in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: a hemodynamic study.
Topics: Adult; Aldosterone; Atropine; Blood Pressure; Blood Volume; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Female; | 1977 |
[Treatment of heart failure with phentolamine (Regitin)].
Topics: Chronic Disease; Delayed-Action Preparations; Heart Failure; Heart Rate; Humans; Muscle, Smooth; Phe | 1977 |
[Non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma and focal chronic pyelonephritis].
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Carcinoma; Chronic Disease; Female; Glucagon; | 1975 |
Nasal hyper-responsiveness to histamine, methacholine and phentolamine in patients with perennial non-allergic rhinitis and in patients with infectious rhinitis.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Chronic Disease; Drug Hypersensitivity; Histamine; Humans; Methachol | 1991 |
Adrenal medullary implants in the rat spinal cord reduce nociception in a chronic pain model.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Catecholamines; Chronic Disease; Endorphins; Graf | 1990 |
[Constrictor reaction to transmural electric stimulation of the isolated femoral artery and its branches in chronic arterial hypotension].
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Electric Stimulation; Femoral Artery; Guanethidine; Hypotension; Norepinep | 1988 |
Dynamic corpus cavernosography: effect of papaverine injection.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Chronic Disease; Cineradiography; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Erectile Dysfu | 1987 |
[Comparative evaluation of the effect of phentolamine and nitrosorbide on the central hemodynamics of children with chronic heart failure].
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Heart Failure; Hemodynamics; Humans; Isosorbid | 1986 |
[Hemodynamic effects of phentolamine in acute and chronic mitral insufficiency after myocardial infarction].
Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Chronic Disease; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve | 1985 |
Effect of vasodilators at rest and during exercise in young adults with cystic fibrosis and chronic cor pulmonale.
Topics: Adult; Chronic Disease; Cystic Fibrosis; Exercise Test; Female; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hydralazine; M | 1985 |
Metanephrine: cardiovascular responsiveness in normotensive and renal hypertensive dogs.
Topics: Adrenalectomy; Angiotensin II; Animals; Blood Pressure; Catecholamines; Chronic Disease; Dogs; Hyper | 1969 |
[Effect of phentolamine on the glucose metabolism in normal persons and patients with chronic kidney insufficiency].
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Glucose; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Bronchiectasis; Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Female | 1970 |
Hemodynamic effects of phentolamine in cor pulmonale.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Heart Rate | 1972 |
The cardiovascular mode of action of phentolamine as studied by non-invasive methods.
Topics: Cardiac Catheterization; Cardiac Output; Chronic Disease; Electrocardiography; Female; Heart Disease | 1974 |
Migraine-headache and essential arterial hypertension. A clinical pharmacological approach with the false transmitter metaraminol.
Topics: Blood Pressure; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Headache; | 1970 |
Haemodynamic effects of phentolamine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Brachial Artery; Bronchitis; Carbon Dioxide; Cardiac Catheterization; C | 1971 |