phentermine and Overweight studies

Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.

Overweight: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Controlled-release phentermine/topiramate (PHEN/TPM CR), as an adjunct to lifestyle modification, has previously shown significant weight loss compared with placebo in a 56-wk study in overweight and obese subjects with ≥2 weight-related comorbidities."	9.16	Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study. ( Allison, DB; Bowden, CH; Day, WW; Gadde, KM; Garvey, WT; Look, M; Peterson, CA; Ryan, DH; Schwiers, M, 2012)
" We therefore assessed the efficacy and safety of two doses of phentermine plus topiramate controlled-release combination as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for weight loss and metabolic risk reduction in individuals who were overweight and obese, with two or more risk factors."	9.15	Effects of low-dose, controlled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. ( Allison, DB; Day, WW; Gadde, KM; Peterson, CA; Ryan, DH; Schwiers, ML; Troupin, B, 2011)
"Phentermine/topiramate has considerable benefit in reducing body weight, and the efficacy was closely related to the dosage."	9.12	Efficacy and Safety of Phentermine/Topiramate in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Lai, C; Lei, XG; Ruan, JQ; Sun, Z; Yang, X, 2021)
" Phentermine and topiramate extended-release (phentermine/topiramate ER) has recently been approved in the USA for chronic weight management in obese adults and overweight adults with weight-related co-morbidities in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity."	8.89	Phentermine and topiramate extended-release: a new treatment for obesity and its role in a complications-centric approach to obesity medical management. ( Garvey, WT, 2013)
" Cardiovascular data associated with long-term use of phentermine and topiramate extended-release indicate that this combination may be a safe and effective option for reducing weight in overweight/obese patients at low-to-intermediate cardiovascular risk."	6.50	Cardiovascular effects of phentermine and topiramate: a new drug combination for the treatment of obesity. ( Astrup, A; Day, WW; Engeli, S; Finer, N; Jordan, J; Narkiewicz, K, 2014)
"Orlistat treatment improves oxysterol metabolism in overweight and obese adults."	5.51	The Effect of Orlistat on Sterol Metabolism in Obese Patients. ( Choi, MH; Kwon, GE; Kwon, YJ; Lee, HS; Lee, JW, 2022)
"Among adults with obesity or overweight, semaglutide and phentermine/topiramate were associated with greater body weight loss and waist circumference reduction at 12 months than all other drugs, and lower or no significant difference in risks of withdrawal."	5.41	Clinical outcomes associated with drugs for obesity and overweight: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ( Di Leo, A; Giorgino, F; Iannone, A; Laviola, L; Natale, P; Nicolucci, A; Palmer, SC; Rendina, M; Strippoli, GFM, 2023)
" Controlled-release phentermine/topiramate (PHEN/TPM CR), as an adjunct to lifestyle modification, has previously shown significant weight loss compared with placebo in a 56-wk study in overweight and obese subjects with ≥2 weight-related comorbidities."	5.16	Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study. ( Allison, DB; Bowden, CH; Day, WW; Gadde, KM; Garvey, WT; Look, M; Peterson, CA; Ryan, DH; Schwiers, M, 2012)
" We therefore assessed the efficacy and safety of two doses of phentermine plus topiramate controlled-release combination as an adjunct to diet and lifestyle modification for weight loss and metabolic risk reduction in individuals who were overweight and obese, with two or more risk factors."	5.15	Effects of low-dose, controlled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. ( Allison, DB; Day, WW; Gadde, KM; Peterson, CA; Ryan, DH; Schwiers, ML; Troupin, B, 2011)
"Phentermine/topiramate has considerable benefit in reducing body weight, and the efficacy was closely related to the dosage."	5.12	Efficacy and Safety of Phentermine/Topiramate in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ( Lai, C; Lei, XG; Ruan, JQ; Sun, Z; Yang, X, 2021)
" Phentermine and topiramate extended-release (phentermine/topiramate ER) has recently been approved in the USA for chronic weight management in obese adults and overweight adults with weight-related co-morbidities in conjunction with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity."	4.89	Phentermine and topiramate extended-release: a new treatment for obesity and its role in a complications-centric approach to obesity medical management. ( Garvey, WT, 2013)
"The recent approval of liraglutide, lorcaserin, naltrexone/bupropion extended-release, and phentermine/topiramate extended-release, brings the number of medications for long-term weight loss to 5 (including orlistat)."	3.83	Answers to Clinical Questions in the Primary Care Management of People with Obesity: Pharmacologic Management. ( Braverman-Panza, J; Fujioka, K, 2016)
" Lorcaserin (Belviq(®)), phentermine/topiramate combination (Qsymia(®)), and bupropion/naltrexone combination have been demonstrated to be effective for the treatment of obesity, as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and physical activity, although their absolute safety has yet to be established with more widespread use or longer use."	3.79	Therapies for obesity and medication-associated weight gain. ( Howland, RH, 2013)
"Qnexa (VI-0521) is an investigational fixed-dose combination drug of phentermine and topiramate currently in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of obesity."	3.77	ACS chemical neuroscience molecule spotlight on Qnexa. ( Mercer, SL, 2011)
"Lorcaserin in combination with phentermine improves control of food cravings during short-term energy restriction."	2.87	Effect of Lorcaserin Alone and in Combination with Phentermine on Food Cravings After 12-Week Treatment: A Randomized Substudy. ( Aronne, LJ; Coulter, AA; Fujioka, K; Garvey, WT; Greenway, FL; Nikonova, EV; Rebello, CJ; Smith, SR; Zhou, S, 2018)
"Overall, large weight loss has a major beneficial impact on overweight- and obesity-related complications."	2.82	Benefits of weight loss of 10% or more in patients with overweight or obesity: A review. ( Morton, J; Tahrani, AA, 2022)
" However, they are costly and may have adverse effects in some individuals."	2.72	Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Obesity Treatment: Where Do We Stand? ( Lee, SY; Tak, YJ, 2021)
" Cardiovascular data associated with long-term use of phentermine and topiramate extended-release indicate that this combination may be a safe and effective option for reducing weight in overweight/obese patients at low-to-intermediate cardiovascular risk."	2.50	Cardiovascular effects of phentermine and topiramate: a new drug combination for the treatment of obesity. ( Astrup, A; Day, WW; Engeli, S; Finer, N; Jordan, J; Narkiewicz, K, 2014)
"The cornerstones of treatment for obesity, and even more so for simple overweight, are dietary measures and physical exercise."	1.39	Topiramate + phentermine. An excessively dangerous appetite-suppressant combination. ( , 2013)

Research

Studies (20)

Authors

Clinical Trials (5)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Adherence to Medication Use

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	13 (65.00)	24.3611
2020's	7 (35.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Kwon, YJ	1
Kwon, GE	1
Lee, HS	1
Choi, MH	1
Lee, JW	1
Tahrani, AA	1
Morton, J	1
Griebeler, ML	1
Butsch, WS	1
Rodriguez, P	1
Lomeli, L	1
Kampert, M	1
Makin, V	1
Alwahab, UA	1
Borukh, E	1
Daigle, E	1
Bena, J	1
Pantalone, KM	1
Burguera, B	1
Iannone, A	1
Natale, P	1
Palmer, SC	1
Nicolucci, A	1
Rendina, M	1
Giorgino, F	1
Laviola, L	1
Di Leo, A	1
Strippoli, GFM	1
Beer, J	1
Maderal, A	1
Tak, YJ	1
Lee, SY	1
Lei, XG	1
Ruan, JQ	1
Lai, C	1
Sun, Z	1
Yang, X	1
Rebello, CJ	1
Nikonova, EV	1
Zhou, S	1
Aronne, LJ	1
Fujioka, K	2
Garvey, WT	3
Smith, SR	1
Coulter, AA	1
Greenway, FL	1
Koshkelashvili, N	1
Kohli, P	1
Linefsky, J	1
Howland, RH	1
Murfin, M	1
Jordan, J	1
Astrup, A	1
Engeli, S	1
Narkiewicz, K	1
Day, WW	3
Finer, N	1
Acosta, A	1
Camilleri, M	1
Shin, A	1
Vazquez-Roque, MI	1
Iturrino, J	1
Burton, D	1
O'Neill, J	1
Eckert, D	1
Zinsmeister, AR	1
Braverman-Panza, J	1
Gadde, KM	2
Allison, DB	2
Ryan, DH	2
Peterson, CA	2
Troupin, B	1
Schwiers, ML	1
Look, M	1
Schwiers, M	1
Bowden, CH	1
Mercer, SL	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Use of a Virtual Weight Management Program for Prescription of Phentermine in Patients With Overweight or Obesity Compared to Standard Face to Face Visits[NCT04614545]	Phase 4	70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-01-01	Completed
A Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Parallel-group, Pilot Study of 12-week Duration to Assess the Short-term Safety and Tolerability of Lorcaserin Plus Two Doses of Immediate-Release Phentermine-HCl Compared With Lorcaserin Alone in Overweight and Ob[NCT01987427]	Phase 4	344 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-30	Completed
Peripheral Pharmacodynamics of Phentermine-Topiramate in Obese Patients[NCT01834404]	Phase 4	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-04-30	Completed
A Phase III Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Multicenter Study to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of VI-0521 in the Treatment of Obesity in Adults With Obesity-Related Co-Morbid Conditions[NCT00553787]	Phase 3	2,487 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
A Phase 3, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Extension Study (From Study OB-303 [NCT00553787]) to Determine the Safety and Efficacy Of VI-0521 for the Long-Term Treatment Of Obesity in Adults With Obesity-Related Co-Morbid Conditions.[NCT00796367]	Phase 3	676 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Percentage of patients that took the medication as prescribed (NCT04614545)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

Adherence to Weight Management Program

Intervention	Percentage of pts completed medication (Number)
Virtual Visits	93.3
Face to Face Visits	83.3

Assessed as percentage of patients who completed all visits (NCT04614545)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

Change in Body Weight (Percentage)

Intervention	Percentage of completed patients (Number)
Virtual Visits	82.9
Face to Face Visits	62.9

The primary endpoint is mean change in body weight (%) from baseline (visit 1) to 12 weeks (visit 4) in body weight. (NCT04614545)
Timeframe: 12 weeks

Percentage of Patients That Tolerated Full Dosage of Phentermine (37.5mg)

Percentage of Patients Who Achieved More Than 5% Weight Loss Over the Course of the Study (12 Weeks)

Percentage of Participants Reporting at Least One of Nine Adverse Events (AEs) of Main Interests That May Related to Serotonergic Reaction

Intervention	mean change in body weight (%) (Mean)
Virtual Visits	-6.61
Face to Face Visits	-7.68

Intervention	Percentage of patients on full dose (Number)
Virtual Visits	85.7
Face to Face Visits	90

Intervention	Percentage of patients with >5% wt loss (Number)
Virtual Visits	64.7
Face to Face Visits	70.5

The nine common serotonergic AEs were headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, dry mouth, diarrhea, vomiting, insomnia, and/or anxiety. (NCT01987427)
Timeframe: Baseline up to Week 12 (end of treatment)

Percentage of Participants Who Achieved Greater Than or Equal to (>=) 5 Percent (%) Weight Reduction at Week 12

Change From Baseline in Waist Circumference and Hip Circumference at Week 12

Change From Baseline in Waist to Hip Circumference Ratio at Week 12

Mean Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12

Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Event (TEAE), Serious Adverse Event (SAE) and AEs Leading to Study Drug Discontinuation

Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Markedly Abnormal Laboratory Values

Percent Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12

Buffet Meal Intake

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	37.2
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	42.3
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	40.5

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	28.2
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	59.0
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	70.9

Intervention	centimeter (cm) (Mean)
	Waist Circumference: Baseline	Waist Circumference: Change at Week 12	Hip Circumference: Baseline	Hip Circumference: Change at Week 12
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	114.0	-7.1	125.4	-6.2
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	112.2	-3.4	124.1	-2.8
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	112.2	-4.7	123.7	-3.6

Intervention	ratio (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 12
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	0.91	-0.01
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	0.91	-0.01
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	0.91	-0.01

Intervention	kilogram (kg) (Mean)
	Baseline	Change at Week 1	Change at Week 2	Change at Week 4	Change at Week 8	Change at Week 12
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	106.63	-1.97	-2.94	-4.44	-6.33	-7.55
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	105.33	-0.94	-1.56	-2.27	-2.87	-3.48
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	105.04	-1.36	-2.43	-3.81	-5.76	-7.00

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	TEAE	SAE	AEs leading to study drug discontinuation
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	54	1	9
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	50	0	4
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	52	2	2

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Gamma glutamyl transferase: high	Phosphorus: low	Potassium: high	Total bilirubin: high	Triglycerides: High	Uric acid: high	Hemoglobin: low	Lymphocytes: high	Neutrophils: low	White blood cell (WBC) count: low
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	0	1
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	0	0	1	0	0	1	1	0	2	0
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	1	1	3	1	1	0	1	0	1	0

Intervention	percent change (Mean)
	Week 1	Week 2	Week 4	Week 8	Week 12
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine 15 mg BID	-1.82	-2.75	-4.20	-6.03	-7.23
Lorcaserin 10 mg BID + Phentermine Placebo BID	-0.93	-1.47	-2.18	-2.77	-3.29
Lorcaserin 10mg BID+Phentermine 15mg QD+Phentermine Placebo QD	-1.28	-2.33	-3.68	-5.54	-6.69

"At visit 4 subjects underwent imaging to measure the volume of their stomach, fasting and after ingesting a liquid nutrient drink. Four hours after the liquid meal, subjects were invited to eat, over a 30-minute period, a standard all you can eat meal vegetable lasagna, vanilla pudding, and skim milk. The total Kcal of the food consumed was analyzed by using validated software." (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 13, approximately 4.5 hours after liquid meal

Change in Postprandial Gastric Volume

Intervention	Kcal (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	728
Placebo	988

Change between postprandial and fasting whole gastric volume by 99mTc-SPECT Imaging. A noninvasive SPECT method was used to measure gastric volume during fasting and 32 min after a liquid nutritional supplement meal. Subjects reported to the clinic after an overnight fast. 99mTC was given by an intravenous injection in the forearm. The first fasting scan was obtained, and the study medication was given s.c. After 10 min, a 2nd fasting post medication scan was obtained, and the meal consumed; then two serial postprandial scans were obtained. Each scan required 9-12 min. Tomographic images of the gastric wall were obtained throughout the long axis of the stomach using a dual-head gamma camera that rotates around the body. This allows assessment of the radiolabeled circumference of the gastric wall, rather than the intragastric content. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 13, approximately approximately 30 min after liquid meal

Fasting Gastric Volume

Intervention	mL (Least Squares Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	453
Placebo	420

Fasting whole gastric volume was measured by Technetium (99mTc)-SPECT Imaging. Subjects reported to the clinic after an overnight fast. 99mTC was given by an intravenous injection in the forearm. Tomographic images of the gastric wall were obtained throughout the long axis of the stomach using a dual-head gamma camera that rotates around the body. This allows assessment of the radiolabeled circumference of the gastric wall, rather than the intragastric content. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 13, approximately 10 minutes after Technetium (99mTC) injection

Fasting Ghrelin

Intervention	mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	227
Placebo	261

Plasma gastrointestinal hormone total ghrelin was measured by radioimmunoassay. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, before liquid meal

Gastric Emptying of Solids Half-Time (T 1/2)

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	78.1
Placebo	82.6

Gastric emptying of solids half-time is defined as the time for half of the ingested solids to leave the stomach. At visit 6 subjects took part in a gastric emptying by scintigraphy test. Subjects were given a scrambled egg breakfast with toast and a glass of milk. The eggs and milk contained a small amount of radioactive substance. At the completion of the meal, subjects stood in front of a special camera and pictures were taken at specific intervals. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 15, approximately 2 hours after radiolabeled meal was ingested

Maximum Tolerated Volume

Intervention	minutes (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	109
Placebo	88

At visit 5, subjects did a satiation/nutrient drink test. Participants recorded their sensations every 5 minutes using a numerical scale from 0-5, with level 0 being no symptoms, level 3 corresponding to fullness sensation after a typical meal, and level 5 corresponding to the maximal tolerated volume (maximum or unbearable fullness/satiation). This measure is the volume consumed when the fullness sensation reached level 5. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, approximately 30 minutes after liquid meal

Peak Postprandial Level of Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Intervention	mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	966
Placebo	1108

Plasma gastrointestinal hormone CCK was measured by radioimmunoassay based on an antibody with very low cross-reactivity to gastrin 17 and its sulfated counterpart, and to sensitivity to a concentration of 0.3 pmol/L. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, approximately 45 minutes after liquid meal

Peak Postprandial Level of Total Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1)

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	8.1
Placebo	8.3

Plasma gastrointestinal hormone GLP-1 was measured by radioimmunoassay. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, approximately 45 minutes after liquid meal

Peak Postprandial Level of Total Peptide Tyrosine-Tyrosine (PYY)

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	13.0
Placebo	11.9

Plasma gastrointestinal hormone PYY was measured by radioimmunoassay. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, approximately 45 minutes after liquid meal

Postprandial Gastric Volume

Intervention	pg/mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	195.3
Placebo	166

Postprandial gastric volume was measured by 99mTc-SPECT Imaging. Subjects reported to the clinic after an overnight fast. 99mTC was given by an intravenous injection in the forearm. After the liquid meal tomographic images of the gastric wall were obtained throughout the long axis of the stomach using a dual-head gamma camera that rotates around the body. This allows assessment of the radiolabeled circumference of the gastric wall, rather than the intragastric content. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 13, approximately 30 minutes after liquid meal

Solid Gastric Emptying: Proportion of Meal Emptied at 2 Hours

Intervention	mL (Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	680
Placebo	681

At visit 6 subjects took part in a gastric emptying by scintigraphy test. Subjects were given a scrambled egg breakfast with toast and a glass of milk. The eggs and milk contained a small amount of radioactive substance. At the completion of the meal, subjects stood in front of a special camera and pictures were taken at specific intervals. This outcome measure is the proportion of the radiolabeled meal emptied at 2 hours. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 15, approximately 2 hours after radiolabeled meal was ingested

Solid Gastric Emptying: Proportion Remaining at 4 Hours

Intervention	proportion of meal emptied (Least Squares Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	0.56
Placebo	0.66

At visit 6 subjects took part in a gastric emptying by scintigraphy test. Subjects were given a scrambled egg breakfast with toast and a glass of milk. The eggs and milk contained a small amount of radioactive substance. At the completion of the meal, subjects stood in front of a special camera and pictures were taken at specific intervals. This outcome measure is the proportion of the radiolabeled meal remaining at 4 hours. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 15, approximately 4 hours after radiolabeled meal was ingested

Volume to Fullness

Intervention	proportion of meal remaining (Least Squares Mean)
Phentermine-Topiramate ER	0.09
Placebo	0.16

At visit 5, subjects did a satiation/nutrient drink test. Participants recorded their sensations every 5 minutes using a numerical scale from 0-5, with level 0 being no symptoms, level 3 corresponding to fullness sensation after a typical meal, and level 5 corresponding to the maximal tolerated volume (maximum or unbearable fullness/satiation). This measure was the volume consumed when the fullness sensation reached level 3. (NCT01834404)
Timeframe: Day 14, approximately 30 minutes after liquid meal

Intervention	percent weight loss (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	1.24
VI-0521 Mid	7.81
VI-0521 Top	9.84

Intervention	percent weight loss (Least Squares Mean)
Placebo	-1.8
VI-0521 Mid	-9.32
VI-0521 Top	-10.5

Intervention	percent participants (Number)
Placebo	30
VI-0521 Mid	75.2
VI-0521 Top	79.3

Article	Year
Benefits of weight loss of 10% or more in patients with overweight or obesity: A review. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2022, Volume: 30, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Obesity; Overweight; Phentermine; Quality of	2022
Clinical outcomes associated with drugs for obesity and overweight: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2023, Volume: 25, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Humans; Network Meta-Analysis; Obesity; Overweight; Phentermine; Randomized Controlled Trials	2023
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Obesity Treatment: Where Do We Stand? Current obesity reports, 2021, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzazepines; Bupropion; Humans; Liraglutide; Naltrexone; Obesity; Orl	2021
Efficacy and Safety of Phentermine/Topiramate in Adults with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2021, Volume: 29, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Body Weight; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fructose; Humans; Male; Middl	2021
Phentermine and topiramate extended-release: a new treatment for obesity and its role in a complications-centric approach to obesity medical management. Expert opinion on drug safety, 2013, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Delayed-Action Preparations; Fructose; Humans; Obesity; Overweight; Phentermine	2013
Cardiovascular effects of phentermine and topiramate: a new drug combination for the treatment of obesity. Journal of hypertension, 2014, Volume: 32, Issue:6 Topics: Aged; Anti-Obesity Agents; Appetite Depressants; Cardiovascular Diseases; Clinical Trials, Phase III	2014

Article	Year
The Effect of Orlistat on Sterol Metabolism in Obese Patients. Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022, Volume: 13 Topics: Adult; Anti-Obesity Agents; Cholesterol; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Lactones; Lipase; Obesity; Orl	2022
The use of virtual visits for obesity pharmacotherapy in patients with overweight or obesity compared with in-person encounters. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2022, Volume: 30, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Humans; Obesity; Overweight; Phentermine; Prospective Studies; Weight Loss	2022
Effect of Lorcaserin Alone and in Combination with Phentermine on Food Cravings After 12-Week Treatment: A Randomized Substudy. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2018, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzazepines; Craving; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ob	2018
Quantitative gastrointestinal and psychological traits associated with obesity and response to weight-loss therapy. Gastroenterology, 2015, Volume: 148, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Obesity Agents; Anxiety; Body Image; Body Mass Index; Cholecystokinin; Cohort Stud	2015
Effects of low-dose, controlled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet (London, England), 2011, Apr-16, Volume: 377, Issue:9774 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Obesity Agents; Comorbidity; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; F	2011
Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2012, Volume: 95, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Anti-Obesity Agents; Cardiovascular Diseases; Delayed-Action Preparations; Diabetes Mellitus;	2012

Article	Year
Scleroderma in the Setting of Long-term Intermittent Phentermine Use. Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD, 2020, Nov-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Amlodipine; Appetite Depressants; Biopsy; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combina	2020
Fifty-seven-year-old man with progressive dyspnoea. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 2019, Volume: 105, Issue:7 Topics: Appetite Depressants; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyspnea; Echocardiography, Transesophageal; Fenfluram	2019
Therapies for obesity and medication-associated weight gain. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services, 2013, Volume: 51, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Appetite Depressants; Bariatric Surgery; Benzazepines; Bupropion; Chronic Disease; Combined	2013
Topiramate + phentermine. An excessively dangerous appetite-suppressant combination. Prescrire international, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:136 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Appetite Depressants; Drug Approval; Drug Combinations; European Union; Female;	2013
New medications for weight loss. JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants, 2012, Volume: 25, Issue:12 Topics: Appetite Depressants; Benzazepines; Drug Combinations; Fructose; Humans; Obesity; Overweight; Phente	2012
Answers to Clinical Questions in the Primary Care Management of People with Obesity: Pharmacologic Management. The Journal of family practice, 2016, Volume: 65, Issue:7 Suppl Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzazepines; Body Mass Index; Bupropion; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Lactones	2016
ACS chemical neuroscience molecule spotlight on Qnexa. ACS chemical neuroscience, 2011, Apr-20, Volume: 2, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Appetite Depressants; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Comorbidity; Double-	2011
2 new drugs for weight loss. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics, 2012, Sep-03, Volume: 54, Issue:1398 Topics: Anti-Obesity Agents; Benzazepines; Drug Combinations; Drug Interactions; Fructose; Humans; Obesity;	2012

phentermine and Overweight