Page last updated: 2024-11-02

phenobarbital and Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral

phenobarbital has been researched along with Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral in 100 studies

Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.
phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"The relationships among serum bilirubin concentration on days 5 and 7, birth weight, the presence of intraventricular hemorrhage, and the receipt of phenobarbital were examined in a group of 232 newborns weighing less than 1,751 g who were intubated, mechanically ventilated by 12 hours after birth, and whose parents had given permission for a randomized trial of phenobarbital prophylaxis of intraventricular hemorrhage."9.06Bilirubin, intraventricular hemorrhage, and phenobarbital in very low birth weight babies. ( Brown, ER; Epstein, MF; Kuban, KC; Leviton, A; Meltzer, C; Pagano, M; Skouteli, HN; Sullivan, KF, 1988)
"Forty-six pregnant women less than 35 weeks of gestation were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled study evaluating the effects of antenatal phenobarbital on neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage."9.06Antenatal phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage. ( Bedard, MP; Bhatia, R; Cepeda, EE; Hassan, M; Ilagan, N; Mariona, F; Ostrea, E; Poland, RL; Shankaran, S, 1986)
" In this study cerebral blood flow values in steady state and during phenylephrine-induced hypertension with and without phenobarbital pretreatment were measured in newborn beagles."7.68Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypertension in the newborn beagle. ( Adham, BI; Donley, DK; Goddard-Finegold, J; Michael, LH, 1990)
"The transplacental and elimination pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital administered antenatally was analyzed in both mothers and infants as part of a study evaluating the efficacy of antenatally administered phenobarbital in the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage."7.67Pharmacokinetic basis for antenatal dosing of phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage. ( Cepeda, EE; Ilagan, N; Kauffman, RE; Shankaran, S, 1986)
"To determine the effect of phenobarbital sodium therapy and subependymal intraventricular hemorrhage (SEp-IVH) on the theophylline requirement of premature infants suffering with apnea and seizure activity, we compared three groups of patients as follows: group 1, those with apnea of prematurity (ten patients); group 2, those with apnea and SEp-IVH (ten patients); and group 3, those with apnea, SEp-IVH, and seizure activity for which they were receiving phenobarbital therapy (nine patients)."7.67Phenobarbital increases the theophylline requirement of premature infants being treated for apnea. ( Gottschalk, SK; Kissling, GE; Schuth, CR; Tran, TH; Yazdani, M, 1987)
"Phenobarbital sodium (PhS) has been used in anticonvulsant concentrations in premature newborns in attempts to prevent peri- and intraventricular hemorrhages (PIVH)."5.29Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypotension in newborn pigs. ( Contant, CF; Goddard-Finegold, J; Martin, CG; Michael, LH; Yamashita, Y, 1993)
"The objective of this paper is to determine if phenobarbital exposure during pregnancy affects developmental outcome at age 2 years."5.09Does perinatal phenobarbital exposure affect developmental outcome at age 2? ( Belden, B; Hoffman, EL; Jones, AM; O'Connor, M; Thorp, JA, 1999)
"The relationships among serum bilirubin concentration on days 5 and 7, birth weight, the presence of intraventricular hemorrhage, and the receipt of phenobarbital were examined in a group of 232 newborns weighing less than 1,751 g who were intubated, mechanically ventilated by 12 hours after birth, and whose parents had given permission for a randomized trial of phenobarbital prophylaxis of intraventricular hemorrhage."5.06Bilirubin, intraventricular hemorrhage, and phenobarbital in very low birth weight babies. ( Brown, ER; Epstein, MF; Kuban, KC; Leviton, A; Meltzer, C; Pagano, M; Skouteli, HN; Sullivan, KF, 1988)
"Forty-six pregnant women less than 35 weeks of gestation were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled study evaluating the effects of antenatal phenobarbital on neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage."5.06Antenatal phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage. ( Bedard, MP; Bhatia, R; Cepeda, EE; Hassan, M; Ilagan, N; Mariona, F; Ostrea, E; Poland, RL; Shankaran, S, 1986)
" He manifested apnea during the first 12 hours of life."3.72Temporal lobe hemorrhage in the full-term neonate presenting as apneic seizures. ( Goodkin, HP; Tramonte, JJ, 2004)
" In this study cerebral blood flow values in steady state and during phenylephrine-induced hypertension with and without phenobarbital pretreatment were measured in newborn beagles."3.68Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypertension in the newborn beagle. ( Adham, BI; Donley, DK; Goddard-Finegold, J; Michael, LH, 1990)
"The transplacental and elimination pharmacokinetics of phenobarbital administered antenatally was analyzed in both mothers and infants as part of a study evaluating the efficacy of antenatally administered phenobarbital in the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage."3.67Pharmacokinetic basis for antenatal dosing of phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage. ( Cepeda, EE; Ilagan, N; Kauffman, RE; Shankaran, S, 1986)
"To determine the effect of phenobarbital sodium therapy and subependymal intraventricular hemorrhage (SEp-IVH) on the theophylline requirement of premature infants suffering with apnea and seizure activity, we compared three groups of patients as follows: group 1, those with apnea of prematurity (ten patients); group 2, those with apnea and SEp-IVH (ten patients); and group 3, those with apnea, SEp-IVH, and seizure activity for which they were receiving phenobarbital therapy (nine patients)."3.67Phenobarbital increases the theophylline requirement of premature infants being treated for apnea. ( Gottschalk, SK; Kissling, GE; Schuth, CR; Tran, TH; Yazdani, M, 1987)
"Phenobarbital was compared to no intervention or placebo."3.01Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants. ( Bruschettini, M; Odd, DE; Romantsik, O; Smit, E, 2023)
"Women in preterm labor ( < 35 weeks' gestation) were assigned to control and treatment groups."2.68Antenatal phenobarbital therapy and neonatal outcome. I: Effect on intracranial hemorrhage. ( Bedard, MP; Cepeda, E; Johnson, S; Kazzi, SN; Mariona, F; Muran, G; Poland, R; Shankaran, S, 1996)
"Maternal demographics, pregnancy complications, antenatal management, and route of delivery did not differ between the phenobarbital group (n = 50) and the placebo group (n = 60)."2.67Antenatal phenobarbital for the prevention of periventricular and intraventricular hemorrhage: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multihospital trial. ( Hale, K; Kaempf, JW; Molina, R; Pantoja, AF; Porreco, R; Rosenberg, AA, 1990)
"Phenobarbital was associated with an increased risk of developing any subependymal-intraventricular-intraparenchymal hemorrhage and was not associated with a diminished risk of either severe hemorrhage or germinal matrix hemorrhage."2.66Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and phenobarbital. ( Baglivo, JA; Brown, ER; Cleveland, RH; Huff, KR; Krishnamoorthy, KS; Kuban, KC; Leviton, A; Sullivan, KF; Teele, RL; White, S, 1986)
"Phenobarbital-treated infants were over eight times more likely to experience IVH than were untreated infants."2.66Effect of phenobarbital on motor activity and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants with respiratory disease weighing less than 1500 grams. ( Marshall, RE; Miller, RH; Moore, JA; Porter, FL, 1985)
"The phenobarbital-treated infants who bled, however, were also significantly larger and more mature than control infants who bled."2.65Effect of prophylactic phenobarbital on intraventricular hemorrhage in high-risk infants. ( Bedard, MP; Dayal, B; Pantoja, A; Poland, RL; Shankaran, S; Slovis, TL, 1984)
"Phenobarbital has been suggested as a safe treatment that stabilises blood pressure and may protect against free radicals."2.49Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants. ( Odd, D; Smit, E; Whitelaw, A, 2013)
"Phenobarbital has been suggested as a safe treatment that stabilises blood pressure and may protect against free radicals."2.44Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. ( Odd, D; Whitelaw, A, 2007)
"Her first pregnancy was complicated by premature labour, which led to delivery at 30 weeks' gestation."2.41Antenatal phenobarbital for prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants. ( Klinger, G; Koren, G, 2000)
"It is the recommended drug for the treatment of seizures in term neonates."2.37[Phenobarbital in newborn infants. Overview]. ( Staudt, F, 1984)
"Phenobarbital sodium (PhS) has been used in anticonvulsant concentrations in premature newborns in attempts to prevent peri- and intraventricular hemorrhages (PIVH)."1.29Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypotension in newborn pigs. ( Contant, CF; Goddard-Finegold, J; Martin, CG; Michael, LH; Yamashita, Y, 1993)
"Cerebral cavernous angioma (cavernoma) has previously been treated by resection for all presentations when surgically resectable."1.28Cerebral cavernous angioma: a potentially benign condition? Successful treatment in 16 cases. ( Churchyard, A; Grainger, K; Khangure, M, 1992)
"Hypertonia and hyperreflexia/ankle clonus were most common."1.28Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage, sonographic localization, phenobarbital, and motor abnormalities in low birth weight infants. ( Allred, EN; Brown, ER; Krishnamoorthy, KS; Kuban, KC; Leviton, A; Sullivan, KF, 1990)
"Seizures were classified as subtle, multifocal clonic, generalized tonic, focal clonic, and myoclonic."1.27Seizures in the neonatal intensive care unit of the 1980s. Types, Etiologies, Timing. ( Calciolari, G; Perlman, JM; Volpe, JJ, 1988)
"Phenobarbital sodium has been given to premature infants in anticonvulsant dosages in attempts to prevent hemorrhages, but its efficacy in clinical studies has been disputed."1.27Reduction in incidence of periventricular, intraventricular hemorrhages in hypertensive newborn beagles pretreated with phenobarbital. ( Armstrong, DL; Goddard-Finegold, J, 1987)

Research

Studies (100)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199056 (56.00)18.7374
1990's29 (29.00)18.2507
2000's11 (11.00)29.6817
2010's2 (2.00)24.3611
2020's2 (2.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Romantsik, O2
Smit, E2
Odd, DE1
Bruschettini, M2
Stróżyk, A1
Paraskevas, T1
Calevo, MG1
Banzi, R1
Ley, D1
Odd, D2
Whitelaw, A5
McCrea, HJ1
Ment, LR3
Crowther, CA4
Crosby, DD1
Henderson-Smart, DJ4
Crowther, C1
Henderson-Smart, D1
Tramonte, JJ1
Goodkin, HP1
Slŭncheva, B1
Vakrilova, L1
Emilova, Z1
Kalaĭdzhieva, M1
Garnizov, T1
Jiménez, R1
Donn, SM4
Roloff, DW4
Goldstein, GW4
Cooke, RW4
Morgan, ME4
Massey, RF2
Hope, PL2
Thorburn, RJ2
Stewart, AL2
Reynolds, EO2
Whitehead, MD1
Lowe, D1
Placzek, M1
Dubowitz, L1
Lary, S1
Levene, M1
Gouyon, JB1
Giroud, M1
Bedard, MP3
Shankaran, S6
Slovis, TL1
Pantoja, A1
Dayal, B1
Poland, RL2
Staudt, F1
Wimberley, PD1
Lou, HC1
Pedersen, H1
Hejl, M1
Lassen, NA1
Friis-Hansen, B1
Bale, JF1
Allen, RW1
Hulme, J1
Wyman, ML1
Koenigsberger, MR1
Lastra, C1
Thorp, JA4
Ferrette-Smith, D2
Gaston, LA1
Johnson, J2
Yeast, JD1
Meyer, B1
Abdel-Rahman, AM1
Rosenberg, AA2
De Lia, JE1
Billman, D1
Parriott, J1
Meyer, BA1
Cohen, GR1
Yamashita, Y1
Goddard-Finegold, J4
Contant, CF1
Martin, CG1
Michael, LH2
Barnes, ER1
Thompson, DF1
Bell, AH1
Greisen, G2
Pryds, O1
Leviton, A10
Kuban, KC10
Pagano, M7
Allred, EN5
Van Marter, L1
Mas-Muñoz, RL1
Udaeta-Mora, E1
Barrera-Reyes, RH1
Rivera-Rueda, MA1
Morales-Suárez, M1
Cepeda, E1
Muran, G1
Mariona, F2
Johnson, S1
Kazzi, SN1
Poland, R1
Woldt, E1
Nelson, J1
Bedard, M1
Delaney-Black, V1
Doyle, L1
McKenzie, DR1
Papile, LA1
Wright, LL1
Ehrenkranz, RA2
Mele, L1
Lemons, JA1
Korones, SB1
Stevenson, DK1
Donovan, EF1
Stoll, BJ1
Fanaroff, AA1
Oh, W1
Arroyo-Cabrales, LM1
Garza-Morales, S1
Hernández-Peláez, G1
Tholl, DA1
Miller, TQ1
Henderson, WG1
Myers, TF1
O'Connor, M1
Jones, AM1
Hoffman, EL1
Belden, B1
Klinger, G1
Koren, G1
Scalais, E1
Beharry, K1
Papageorgiou, A1
Bureau, M1
Aranda, JV1
Churchyard, A1
Khangure, M1
Grainger, K1
Fenton, T1
Strassfeld, R1
Wolff, M1
Van Marter, LJ1
Saliba, E1
Autret, E1
Khadiry, L1
Chamboux, C1
Laugier, J1
Morales, WJ2
Iyer, P1
Shann, F1
Krishnamoorthy, KS4
Sullivan, KF6
Brown, ER5
Donley, DK1
Adham, BI1
Kaempf, JW1
Porreco, R1
Molina, R1
Hale, K1
Pantoja, AF1
Ruth, V1
Virkola, K1
Paetau, R1
Raivio, KO1
Volpe, JJ4
Rayburn, W1
Donn, S1
Compton, A1
Piehl, E1
Schneider, D1
Engelmann, L1
Perlman, JM3
Ernest, A1
Stein, JG1
Valaes, TN1
Skouteli, H1
Cherer, A1
Brown, E1
Allred, E2
Duncan, CC1
De Carolis, S1
De Carolis, MP1
Caruso, A1
Oliva, GC1
Romagnoli, C1
Ferrazzani, S1
Muzii, U1
Luciano, R1
Mancuso, S1
Calciolari, G1
Epstein, MF1
Meltzer, C1
Skouteli, HN1
Kauffman, RE2
Cepeda, EE2
Ilagan, N2
Hassan, M1
Bhatia, R1
Ostrea, E1
Anwar, M1
Kadam, S1
Hiatt, IM1
Hegyi, T1
Teele, RL1
Baglivo, JA1
Huff, KR1
White, S1
Cleveland, RH1
Armstrong, DL1
Mizrahi, EM1
Krishnamoorthy, K1
Baglivo, J1
Koerten, J1
Acs, H1
Kilchevsky, E1
Yazdani, M1
Kissling, GE1
Tran, TH1
Gottschalk, SK1
Schuth, CR1
Battisti, OG1
Bertrand, JM1
Langhendries, JP1
Sanchez-Ramos, L1
Jarrett, RV1
Jordan, GD1
Boynton, BR1
Merritt, TA1
Frederiksen, PS1
Hertel, J1
Christensen, NJ1
Porter, FL1
Marshall, RE1
Moore, JA1
Miller, RH1
Alexander, E1
Zavon, MR1
Carroll, BJ1
Ransohoff, J1
Goodgold, A1
Benjamin, MV1
Monod, N1
Dreyfus-Brisac, C1
Sfaello, Z1

Clinical Trials (3)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Randomized Clinical Trial of Antenatal Phenobarbital in the Prevention of Neonatal Intracranial Hemorrhage[NCT00009620]Phase 3610 participants (Actual)Interventional1993-02-28Completed
Follow-up Visit of High Risk Infants[NCT00009633]68,000 participants (Anticipated)Observational1993-01-31Recruiting
[NCT00005293]0 participants Observational1988-12-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Reviews

25 reviews available for phenobarbital and Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral

ArticleYear
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023, 03-16, Volume: 3

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infa

2023
Pharmacological pain and sedation interventions for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants on assisted ventilation - an overview of systematic reviews.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2023, 08-11, Volume: 8

    Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Opioid; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Heroin; Humans; Ibuprofen; Infant, N

2023
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2013, Aug-13, Issue:8

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Infant, Newborn

2013
The diagnosis, management, and postnatal prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm neonate.
    Clinics in perinatology, 2008, Volume: 35, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Coagulants; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Factor VIIa; Humans

2008
Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2010, Jan-20, Issue:1

    Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Infant, New

2010
Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2003, Issue:3

    Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Infant, New

2003
Postnatal phenobarbital for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2007, Oct-17, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Infant, Newborn

2007
[Advances in neonatology: vitamin K, intracranial hemorrhage, arterial pressure, hemolytic disease].
    Anales espanoles de pediatria, 1984, Oct-15, Volume: 21, Issue:5

    Topics: Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Erythroblastosis, Fetal;

1984
[Indications for phenobarbital in neonatal pathology].
    Pediatrie, 1983, Volume: 38, Issue:6

    Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Jaundi

1983
[Phenobarbital in newborn infants. Overview].
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Kinderheilkunde, 1984, Volume: 132, Issue:4

    Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Electroencephalography; Half-Life; Humans;

1984
[Intraventricular hemorrhage in a newborn].
    Revista de neurologia, 1995, Volume: 23 Suppl 3

    Topics: Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Obstetri

1995
Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant.
    Clinics in perinatology, 1994, Volume: 21, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Fetal Diseases; Humans;

1994
Meta-analysis of phenobarbital usage for prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants: factors related to variation in outcome.
    Clinical trials and meta-analysis, 1994, Volume: 29, Issue:2-3

    Topics: Birth Weight; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gestational Age

1994
Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000, Issue:2

    Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Prematu

2000
Postnatal phenobarbitone for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2000, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Infant, Newborn

2000
Antenatal phenobarbital for prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien, 2000, Volume: 46

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant, Newborn;

2000
Postnatal phenobarbitone for the prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2001, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Humans; Infant, Newborn

2001
Phenobarbital prior to preterm birth for preventing neonatal periventricular haemorrhage.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2001, Issue:2

    Topics: Central Nervous System Agents; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Infant, New

2001
Antenatal therapy to minimize neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.
    Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 1991, Volume: 34, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Indomethacin; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarbital; Pregnancy; Prenat

1991
Intraventricular hemorrhage of the preterm neonate: prevention studies.
    Mead Johnson Symposium on Perinatal and Developmental Medicine, 1988, Issue:33

    Topics: Animals; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ethamsylate; Humans; In

1988
Intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infant--current concepts. Part II.
    Annals of neurology, 1989, Volume: 25, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Combined Modality Therapy; Echoencephalography; Ethamsylat

1989
Intraventricular hemorrhage of the preterm neonate: prevention studies.
    Seminars in perinatology, 1988, Volume: 12, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials

1988
Prevention of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage.
    Clinical neuropharmacology, 1987, Volume: 10, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Ethamsylate; Humans; Indometh

1987
Therapeutic interventions to prevent intracerebral hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 108, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ethamsylate; Humans; Ind

1986
Treatment of organophosphorus and chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide intoxications.
    Modern treatment, 1971, Volume: 8, Issue:3

    Topics: Atropine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Diagnosis, Differential; Gastroenteritis;

1971

Trials

38 trials available for phenobarbital and Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral

ArticleYear
[Prevention of brain hemorrhage in infants with low and extremely low birth weight and infants treated with surfactants. Late observation].
    Akusherstvo i ginekologiia, 2006, Volume: 45, Issue:3

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Indomethacin; I

2006
Prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm infants by phenobarbitone. A controlled trial.
    Lancet (London, England), 1981, Aug-01, Volume: 2, Issue:8240

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birt

1981
Phenobarbitone to prevent intraventricular haemorrhage.
    Lancet (London, England), 1981, Aug-22, Volume: 2, Issue:8243

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant,

1981
Failure of phenobarbitone to prevent neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage.
    Lancet (London, England), 1982, Mar-06, Volume: 1, Issue:8271

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Inf

1982
Phenobarbitone and neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage.
    Lancet (London, England), 1982, May-29, Volume: 1, Issue:8283

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant,

1982
Phenobarbitone for prevention of periventricular haemorrhage in very low birth-weight infants. A randomised double-blind trial.
    Lancet (London, England), 1983, Nov-19, Volume: 2, Issue:8360

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Evaluation

1983
Phenobarbitone to prevent periventricular haemorrhage in very-low-birthweight babies.
    Lancet (London, England), 1984, Feb-04, Volume: 1, Issue:8371

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Ph

1984
Effect of prophylactic phenobarbital on intraventricular hemorrhage in high-risk infants.
    Pediatrics, 1984, Volume: 73, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases;

1984
Does phenobarbitone prevent periventricular hemorrhage in very low-birth-weight babies?: a controlled trial.
    Pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 70, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; In

1982
Further observations on the use of phenobarbital to prevent neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.
    Pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 70, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Phenobarbital

1982
Combined antenatal vitamin K and phenobarbital therapy for preventing intracranial hemorrhage in newborns less than 34 weeks' gestation.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1995, Volume: 86, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Algorithms; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination;

1995
Antepartum vitamin K and phenobarbital for preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature newborn: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1994, Volume: 83, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Diseases in Twins; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premat

1994
Antepartum vitamin K and phenobarbital for preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature newborn: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1994, Volume: 83, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseas

1994
Antenatal corticosteroids appear to reduce the risk of postnatal germinal matrix hemorrhage in intubated low birth weight newborns.
    Pediatrics, 1993, Volume: 91, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Pre

1993
[The effect of phenobarbital on the severity of intraventricular hemorrhage].
    Boletin medico del Hospital Infantil de Mexico, 1993, Volume: 50, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Ependyma; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant

1993
Antenatal phenobarbital therapy and neonatal outcome. I: Effect on intracranial hemorrhage.
    Pediatrics, 1996, Volume: 97, Issue:5

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Birth Weight; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Gestational

1996
Antenatal phenobarbital therapy and neonatal outcome. II: Neurodevelopmental outcome at 36 months.
    Pediatrics, 1996, Volume: 97, Issue:5

    Topics: Anticonvulsants; Body Height; Body Weight; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Child Development; Child, Preschool;

1996
The effect of antenatal phenobarbital therapy on neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Aug-14, Volume: 337, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, D

1997
The effect of antenatal phenobarbital therapy on neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Aug-14, Volume: 337, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, D

1997
The effect of antenatal phenobarbital therapy on neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Aug-14, Volume: 337, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, D

1997
The effect of antenatal phenobarbital therapy on neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Aug-14, Volume: 337, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, D

1997
Use of prenatal phenobarbital in the prevention of subependymal/intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants.
    Archives of medical research, 1998,Autumn, Volume: 29, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Double-Blind Method; Female; Gestational Age; Human

1998
Does perinatal phenobarbital exposure affect developmental outcome at age 2?
    American journal of perinatology, 1999, Volume: 16, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Chi-Square Distribu

1999
Rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia as a function of neonatal intensive care practices.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1992, Volume: 120, Issue:6

    Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Intensi

1992
Effects of phenobarbital on cerebral hemodynamics in preterm neonates.
    Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics, 1991, Volume: 17, Issue:3-4

    Topics: Birth Weight; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Gestational Age; Hum

1991
The epidemiology of germinal matrix hemorrhage during the first half-day of life.
    Developmental medicine and child neurology, 1991, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Cross-Sectional Studies; Echoencephalography; Ependyma; Hu

1991
Antenatal phenobarbital for the prevention of periventricular and intraventricular hemorrhage: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multihospital trial.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1990, Volume: 117, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Apgar Score; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Colorado; Double-Blind Method; Female;

1990
Early high-dose phenobarbital treatment for prevention of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in very low birth weight infants.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1988, Volume: 112, Issue:1

    Topics: Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Ischemia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Developmental Disabilities; Drug Adminis

1988
Maternal toxemia and neonatal germinal matrix hemorrhage in intubated infants less than 1751 g.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1988, Volume: 72, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, New

1988
Hemorrhage, phenobarbital, and fluctuating cerebral blood flow velocity in the neonate.
    Pediatrics, 1988, Volume: 82, Issue:4

    Topics: Blood Flow Velocity; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coh

1988
Intraventricular hemorrhage of the preterm neonate: prevention studies.
    Seminars in perinatology, 1988, Volume: 12, Issue:4

    Topics: Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials

1988
Antenatal phenobarbital in preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newborns.
    Fetal therapy, 1988, Volume: 3, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature;

1988
Bilirubin, intraventricular hemorrhage, and phenobarbital in very low birth weight babies.
    Pediatrics, 1988, Volume: 82, Issue:3

    Topics: Bilirubin; Birth Weight; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Phe

1988
Therapeutic interventions to prevent intracerebral hemorrhage in preterm infants.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 108, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ethamsylate; Humans; Ind

1986
Antenatal phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1986, Volume: 154, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Drug Evaluation; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newborn

1986
Phenobarbitone prophylaxis of intraventricular haemorrhage.
    Archives of disease in childhood, 1986, Volume: 61, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases;

1986
Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and phenobarbital.
    Pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 77, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Gestational

1986
Respiratory complications in low-birth-weight infants who received phenobarbital.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1987, Volume: 141, Issue:9

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases;

1987
Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants by maternally administered phenobarbital.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1986, Volume: 68, Issue:3

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Fetal Monitoring; Fetal Organ Maturity; Humans; I

1986
Phenobarbital and intraventricular hemorrhage.
    Pediatrics, 1985, Volume: 75, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant; Phenobarbital

1985
Effect of phenobarbital on motor activity and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants with respiratory disease weighing less than 1500 grams.
    American journal of perinatology, 1985, Volume: 2, Issue:2

    Topics: Apgar Score; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, New

1985

Other Studies

39 other studies available for phenobarbital and Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral

ArticleYear
Prenatal phenobarbital before very-preterm birth and neurodevelopmental outcome.
    Lancet (London, England), 2002, Nov-16, Volume: 360, Issue:9345

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases;

2002
Temporal lobe hemorrhage in the full-term neonate presenting as apneic seizures.
    Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2004, Volume: 24, Issue:11

    Topics: Adult; Apnea; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Magnetic

2004
Prevention of intraventricular haemorrhage by phenobarbitone.
    Lancet (London, England), 1981, Sep-05, Volume: 2, Issue:8245

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Phenobarbital

1981
Phenobarbitone in neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage.
    Lancet (London, England), 1981, Oct-17, Volume: 2, Issue:8251

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Child, Preschool; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infan

1981
Failure of phenobarbitone to prevent intraventricular haemorrhage in small preterm infants.
    Lancet (London, England), 1982, Feb-20, Volume: 1, Issue:8269

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Phen

1982
Phenobarbitone to prevent periventricular haemorrhage.
    Lancet (London, England), 1982, Jun-19, Volume: 1, Issue:8286

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Injections, Intramuscular;

1982
Intracranial haemorrhage.
    European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology, 1983, Volume: 15, Issue:4-6

    Topics: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Humans;

1983
Hypertensive peaks in the pathogenesis of intraventricular hemorrhage in the newborn. Abolition by phenobarbitone sedation.
    Acta paediatrica Scandinavica, 1982, Volume: 71, Issue:4

    Topics: Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Prematur

1982
Anterior spinal artery syndrome during the postpartum period.
    Archives of neurology, 1981, Volume: 38, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Epilepsy; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange

1981
Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypotension in newborn pigs.
    Pediatric research, 1993, Volume: 33, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Hypoten

1993
Antenatal phenobarbital to prevent or minimize intraventricular hemorrhage in the low-birthweight neonate.
    The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1993, Volume: 27, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn;

1993
Comparison of the effects of phenobarbitone and morphine administration on EEG activity in preterm babies.
    Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992), 1993, Volume: 82, Issue:1

    Topics: Calcium; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Electroencephalography; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Mo

1993
Antenatal phenobarbitone and neonatal outcome.
    Lancet (London, England), 1996, Oct-12, Volume: 348, Issue:9033

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Child Development; Female; Fetal Membran

1996
Antenatal phenobarbital therapy and neonatal income.
    Pediatrics, 1997, Volume: 99, Issue:5

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases

1997
Effects of phenobarbital on cerebral blood flow in the newborn piglet.
    Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics, 1992, Volume: 19, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Glucose; Body Temperature; Brain Chemistry; Cer

1992
Cerebral cavernous angioma: a potentially benign condition? Successful treatment in 16 cases.
    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 55, Issue:11

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angiography; Brain Neoplasms; Carbamazepine; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Child; Epilepsy

1992
Maternal toxemia is associated with reduced incidence of germinal matrix hemorrhage in premature babies.
    Journal of child neurology, 1992, Volume: 7, Issue:1

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Palsy; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Infant, Newb

1992
Antenatal phenobarbital to prevent intraventricular hemorrhage.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1991, Volume: 119, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Phenob

1991
Periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage, sonographic localization, phenobarbital, and motor abnormalities in low birth weight infants.
    Pediatrics, 1990, Volume: 85, Issue:6

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Infant, Low Birth Weigh

1990
Phenobarbital and cerebral blood flow during hypertension in the newborn beagle.
    Pediatrics, 1990, Volume: 86, Issue:4

    Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Dogs; Hemodyn

1990
Oral phenobarbital given antenatally to reduce neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage. A comparison between maternal and umbilical cord serum levels at delivery.
    Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 1989, Volume: 9, Issue:3

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Labor, Obst

1989
[Sense and nonsense in barbiturate-induced functional paralysis for the protective and therapeutic decrease in cerebral oxygen requirements].
    Psychiatrie, Neurologie und medizinische Psychologie. Beihefte, 1988, Volume: 40

    Topics: Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Coma; Hemodynamics; Humans; Oxygen Consumption; Phe

1988
Hemorrhage, phenobarbital, and fluctuating cerebral blood flow.
    Pediatrics, 1989, Volume: 83, Issue:4 Pt 2

    Topics: Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarb

1989
Bilirubin, intraventricular hemorrhage, and phenobarbital.
    Pediatrics, 1989, Volume: 83, Issue:4 Pt 2

    Topics: Bilirubin; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarbital; Phototherapy

1989
Seizures in the neonatal intensive care unit of the 1980s. Types, Etiologies, Timing.
    Clinical pediatrics, 1988, Volume: 27, Issue:3

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Epilepsy; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, L

1988
Reduction in incidence of periventricular, intraventricular hemorrhages in hypertensive newborn beagles pretreated with phenobarbital.
    Pediatrics, 1987, Volume: 79, Issue:6

    Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Dogs; Hypertension; Phenobarbital; P

1987
Understanding and preventing perinatal, intracerebral, peri- and intraventricular hemorrhage.
    Journal of child neurology, 1987, Volume: 2, Issue:3

    Topics: Blood Pressure; Brain; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Ventricles; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Electr

1987
Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage with phenobarbital therapy: now what?
    Pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 77, Issue:5

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Phenobarbital; Prospectiv

1986
Pharmacokinetic basis for antenatal dosing of phenobarbital for the prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage.
    Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 9, Issue:3

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Fetal Blood; Half-Life; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Dis

1986
Cranial bruising and intraventricular hemorrhage.
    Pediatrics, 1986, Volume: 78, Issue:5

    Topics: Birth Injuries; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Craniocerebral Trauma; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarbital

1986
Phenobarbital increases the theophylline requirement of premature infants being treated for apnea.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1987, Volume: 141, Issue:1

    Topics: Apnea; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Drug Interactions; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Phenobarb

1987
Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage and phenobarbital.
    Pediatrics, 1987, Volume: 79, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarbital

1987
Prevention of intraventricular hemorrhage in very low birth weight infants by maternally administered phenobarbital.
    Obstetrics and gynecology, 1987, Volume: 69, Issue:4

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Phenobarbital; Pregn

1987
Additional statistical analysis of antenatal phenobarbital for prevention of neonatal intracerebral hemorrhage.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1987, Volume: 156, Issue:2

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Phenobarbital; Pregna

1987
Catecholamine response to chest physiotherapy and endotracheal suctioning in preterm infants.
    Acta paediatrica Scandinavica, 1985, Volume: 74, Issue:4

    Topics: Acidosis; Blood Pressure; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Epinephrine; Humans; Infant Care; Infant, Newborn; In

1985
Medical management of closed head injuries.
    Clinical neurosurgery, 1972, Volume: 19

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Airway Obstruction; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Transfusion; Cerebral Angi

1972
Barbiturate overdosage: presentation with focal neurological signs.
    The Medical journal of Australia, 1969, May-31, Volume: 1, Issue:22

    Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Amobarbital; Barbiturates; Basilar Artery; Bromides; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Coma; C

1969
Preoperative management of patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.
    Journal of neurosurgery, 1972, Volume: 36, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aminocaproates; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Carot

1972
[Detection and prognosis of the neonatal mal according to the electroclinical study of 150 cases].
    Archives francaises de pediatrie, 1969, Volume: 26, Issue:10

    Topics: Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Congenital Abnormalities; Electroencephalography; Ep

1969