peptones and Cholera

Detection, confirmation and monitoring of cholera outbreaks in many developing countries including Uganda is a big challenge due to lack of the required resources and the time the test takes. Culture method which takes 24-48 h to get the feedback and requires highly skilled laboratory staff plus other complex resources is the standard test. This study evaluated the new cholera rapid detection method that relies on Crystal VC dipsticks after enrichment with alkaline peptone water (APW) against the culture method for monitoring the progress of cholera outbreaks in rural setting.. We conducted the study between March and June 2015. Fresh stool samples and rectal swabs were incubated in 1% APW for 6 h at room temperature before testing with RDT following the manufacturer's instruction. The same stool sample was cultured to isolate V. cholerae in the standard manner. We also reviewed patient registers to epidemiologically describe the cholera epidemic.. We tested stool from 102 consenting suspected cholera patients reporting during daytime at Bwera Hospital (n = 69), Kilembe Mines Hospital (n = 4) and Kinyabwama Health Centre (n = 29). Ninety one (91) samples were positive and nine samples were negative according to both methods. One (1) sample was positive only by dipstick and one sample was positive only by culture (sensitivity of 99%, specificity of 90%, Positive Predictive Value of 99% and Negative Predictive Value of 90%). Overall, 146 suspected cholera cases and two deaths, (case fatality rate of 1.36%) were recorded during the study period. Among the cases aged 1-9 years, 63% (50/79) were males while in those aged 20-49 years, 76% (34/45) were females.. Our findings showed that the modified dipstick test after enrichment with 1% APW had high level of accuracy in detection of V. cholerae and is quick, affordable alternative cholera outbreak monitoring tool in resource constrained settings. However, culture method should remain for cholera epidemic confirmation, for monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity and for production of pure isolates for molecular characterization. Further studies should be done to better understand the observed age and sex case distribution, in Kasese district.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Bacteriological Techniques; Child; Child, Preschool; Cholera; Disease Outbreaks; Feces; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Peptones; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Sensitivity and Specificity; Uganda; Vibrio cholerae; Young Adult

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Cholera; Diarrhea; Feces; Humans; Peptones; Vibrio cholerae

The method of intrapulmonary infection of guinea pigs was suggested for the assessment of the virulent properties of cholera vibrios. Addition into the diluent of 10% peptone, 10% gelatine and 0.05% agar-agar led to the reduction of LD50 by over 1000 times. A specific infectious process coursing in an acute generalized form with bacteriemia and affection of the small intestine developed in the infected animals. The majority of the animals perished in 1 to 2 days.

Topics: Agar; Animals; Cholera; Disease Models, Animal; Gelatin; Guinea Pigs; Lethal Dose 50; Peptones; Vibrio cholerae; Virulence

Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Cholera; Culture Media; Feces; Glycerol; Humans; Iran; Methods; Pakistan; Peptones; Seawater; Species Specificity; Specimen Handling; Tellurium; Vibrio

Streptomycin-dependent cholera vibrio strains were derived from Inaba, Ogawa, and NAG vibrios by the method of Mel. These phenotypes grew more slowly and attacked fermentable substances after a longer period of time than the streptomycin-sensitive parent strains. Rabbits injected with streptomycin-sensitive strains and their streptomycin-dependent forms showed homologous agglutinin production. Patas monkeys fed with 10(9) streptomycin-dependent strains shed them for 1 to 2 days without ill effect, whereas the same number of streptomycin-independent organisms caused disease. The possibility of the application of multiple doses of streptomycin-dependent organisms in oral immunization against cholera was considered.

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Animals; Antibodies; Bacteriological Techniques; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cholera; Culture Media; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fermentation; Genetics, Microbial; Haplorhini; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunization; Microscopy, Electron; Mutation; Peptones; Phenotype; Rabbits; Streptomycin; Vibrio

Topics: Agar; Agglutination Tests; Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Cholera; Culture Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erythrocytes; Hemolysis; Humans; Immune Sera; Methods; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; Peptones; Polymyxins; Rosaniline Dyes; Serotyping; Sheep; Species Specificity; Specimen Handling; Staining and Labeling; Taurine; Vibrio

Topics: Agar; Agglutination Tests; Carbonates; Cholera; Culture Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Glycine; Humans; Methods; Peptones; Sodium; Specimen Handling; Vibrio