peplomycin and Neoplasm-Metastasis

At present, the chemotherapeutic combinations for melanoma available are three regimens using DAV, PAV and CDV. Among of them, the DAV combination (dacarbazine, ACNU, vincristine) and PAV (peplomycin, ACNU, vincristine) are used as post-operative adjuvant therapy for stage II and III patients. Their aim is to prevent recurrence and prolong survival. For stage IV patients, the major therapeutic procedure is a CDV combination (cisplatin, dacarbazine, vindesine). Adoptive immunotherapy is almost always used for patients with distant metastases. They have shown comparable effects for metastatic lesion in the lymph nodes, mucous membrane, brain and lung. Excellent results were obtained in patients having skin metastases by intratumoral injection of interferon-beta. Studies on new drugs and their combinations must be undertaken for more effective treatment of malignant melanoma.

Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cisplatin; Dacarbazine; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Melanoma; Neoplasm Metastasis; Nimustine; Peplomycin; Vincristine

Pulmonary toxicity was less frequent in pepleomycin treatment of squamous cell carcinoma than in bleomycin treatment. The tumor-regressing effect appeared at about day 10 of pepleomycin treatment, and at about day 21 of bleomycin treatment. The cumulative dose of pepleomycin to complete remission was smaller than that of bleomycin. Pepleomycin is effective against bleomycin-sensitive malignancies: squamous cell carcinoma and Hodgkin's disease. It is more effective than bleomycin against lymph node metastases. Pepleomycin may have a broader antitumor spectrum: prostatic carcinoma responded.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Drug Evaluation; Drug Resistance; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Peplomycin; Prostatic Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms

Preoperative chemotherapy should be effective against cancers and have few side effects that would prevent surgery. We investigated the histological effects and side effects of low- and high-dose CDDP chemotherapy against oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and discuss the therapeutic benefits of each regimen. Thirty-six patients were divided into two groups as follows, in a non-randomized manner: A) low-dose CDDP (17 patients): CDDP 5 mg/m2/day + UFT 400 mg/day (day 1-5) (1 or 2 courses), B) high-dose CDDP (19 patients): CDDP 70-100 mg/m2/day (day 1) + peplomycin 5 mg/day (day 2-6) (1 or 2 courses). Curative surgery was conducted 1 week after protocol A or 2-3 weeks after protocol B. The histological antitumor effects were evaluated with Ohboshi & Shimosato's classification using surgical materials of primary tumors. In this classification, grade IIB, III and IV were as effective. Maximum histological effect was seen with grade IIB for regimen A and grade IV for regimen B. Four of 17 patients (23.5%) responded to regimen A and 13 of 19 patients (68.4%) to regimen B. Side effects, such as nausea, vomiting and myelosuppression, appeared with regimen B, but were seen little with regimen A. The 2-year survival rate was 93.3% with regimen A and 78.9% with regimen B. With regimen A, the 2-year survival rate of effective cases was 100% and that of ineffective cases was 91.7%. With regimen B, the rate was 92.3% and 50.0%, respectively. Effective cases showed good prognosis in both groups. The low-dose CDDP regimen was not so effective against primary tumors histologically, but the prognosis was good. The low-dose CDDP regimen appears to be useful for preoperative chemotherapy of oral SCC.

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cisplatin; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Peplomycin; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome

Using an orthotopic implantation model in which oral cancer invasion and metastasis can be reproduced, we investigated the inhibitory effects of anticancer agents on invasion and metastasis.. A highly invasive and metastatic human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line, OSC-19, was implanted into the oral floor of nude mice, and cisplatin or peplomycin was administered to the mice 7 or 14 days after implantation. The effects of each anticancer drug and different administration timings on cancer invasion and metastasis were investigated.. Tumor size and the ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells was significantly reduced. In the control group, the tumors showed grade 4C mode of invasion, whereas in the groups treated with anticancer drugs, grade 3 was observed in 77.3% of the mice, with an inhibitory effect on tumor invasion being observed. The rate of metastasis in the cervical lymph node was significantly decreased in the groups treated with the cisplatin or peplomycin on day 7 after implantation. The tumor stage progression in the metastatic lymph nodes was also inhibited.. Chemotherapy is effective not only for tumor diminution but also for inhibiting invasion and metastasis. In light of these effects, administration of anticancer drugs may be clinically useful in this regard.

Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line; Cisplatin; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Lymphatic Metastasis; Mice; Mice, Nude; Mouth Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Peplomycin

In an attempt to improve the combined effects of hyperthermia and anti-cancer drugs, an intratumorous (i.t.) injection of the drugs was performed and its effect compared with that obtained by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Using Lewis lung carcinoma growing in the legs of BDF1 mice, weakly toxic drug derivatives, Aclarubicin (ACR), a new platinum complex (DWA2114R), or Peplomycin (PEP) were injected either into the center of the tumors, or intraperitoneally, before or after usual hyperthemia in a 43.5-43.7 degrees C water bath for 45 min. The effects on tumor growth delay and the number of lung metastases were assessed, and the enhancement ratios (ERs) due to the combination were calculated. Tumor growth inhibition by i.t. injection was enhanced additively with ACR (ER; 1.2) and synergistically with DWA2114R (ER; 3.49) and PEP (ER; 2.4) plus hyperthermia. Hyperthermia after i.t. injections of DWA2114R (ER; 3.4) was more effective than either i.t. or i.p. injections after hyperthermia (ER; 2.4). Lung metastases were also inhibited significantly by the combination of hyperthermia and drugs, except when emulsified PEP was injected three times. It was concluded that the i.t. injection of DWA2114R was of value when used in combination with hyperthermia.

Topics: Aclarubicin; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Carboplatin; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung; Combined Modality Therapy; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hyperthermia, Induced; Injections, Intralesional; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neoplasm Metastasis; Peplomycin

Between 1976 and 1983, 61 patients with advanced rectal cancer underwent Miles' operation at the authors' institution. All lesions were located 10 cm or less from the anal verge. Of these patients, 25 were treated by surgery alone and 36 were given preoperative radiotherapy. The total dose was 42.6 Gy, (30.6 Gy [1.8 Gy/fr x 5/week]) delivered to the entire pelvis plus an additional 12 Gy (3.0 Gy/fr x 4/week) delivered to the primary tumor. Of 36 patients, 21 were administered intratumor injections of peplomycin and bromodeoxyuridine at the time of boost radiation and 15 were treated without intratumor injections. During the follow-up period (3 to 9 years), in the groups of patients who underwent radiation, there was only one local failure (2.8 percent). In contrast, in the group of patients treated by surgery alone, eight local failures occurred (32 percent). The intratumor injection significantly enhanced the effect of radiation on tumor regression. The incidence of positive lymph nodes was higher in patients in the surgery alone group than it was in the groups treated with radiation. There was no difference in the rate of distant metastasis among the three treatment groups. The five-year survival rate for the radiation with intratumor injection group, radiation alone group, and surgery alone group, was 77.8, 69.2, and 56.0 percent, respectively. No severe complication was experienced.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Bromodeoxyuridine; Clinical Protocols; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Peplomycin; Preoperative Care; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rectal Neoplasms; Survival Rate

PVP (CDDP, VBL, PEP) regimens were administered to a case of ovarian embryonal carcinoma (Higuchi-Kato) Group C, which had metastatic lesions of liver, lumbar bones, and paraaortic lymph nodes soon after operation, with good results.

Topics: Adolescent; alpha-Fetoproteins; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Cisplatin; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peplomycin; Remission Induction; Teratoma; Vinblastine

Topics: Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Cisplatin; Doxorubicin; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Peplomycin; Pilot Projects; Urologic Neoplasms

Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Peplomycin; Postoperative Period

Twelve patients with recurrent breast cancer were treated with Peplomycin monotherapy. Peplomycin was given intermittently with a dose of 10 mg intramuscularly twice a week. As side effects of Peplomycin, fever elevation in 75% (9/12), malaise in 67%, nausea and vomiting in 42%, anorexia in 42%, pulmonary toxicity in 8%, and loss of hair in 8%, were observed. Out of 8 evaluable cases, CR was obtained in 1, PR in 1, NC in 3, and PD in 3 cases, respectively.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Carcinoma, Papillary; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Peplomycin