peplomycin and Diarrhea

In the present study, we investigated the clinical and histopathological effects of CP therapy consisting of cisplatin (CDDP 50 mg/m2) or carboplatin (CBDCA 300 mg/m2) and peplomycin (PEP 5 mg/day) for 25 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. The effects of treatment and associated complications were as follows: 1) Complete response (CR) was achieved in 8 and partial response (PR) in 14 of the 25 cases. The overall clinical response rate was 88%. The histological response rate was 64%. 2) The clinical effects were not always consistent with the histopathological effects. There were discrepancies between the clinical and histopathological effects, especially in PR determined by clinical findings. 3) The principal adverse reaction was gastro-intestinal disturbances, but symptoms were able to be controlled. Signs of hematologic toxicity and renal disturbance were mild and did not preclude the continuance of therapy. The results of this study indicated that neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with CDDP and PEP was highly effective for the local control of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Carboplatin; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cisplatin; Diarrhea; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Nausea; Peplomycin; Preoperative Care; Prognosis; Tegafur; Uracil; Vomiting

In order to clarify the toxicity of the antineoplastic drugs, bleomycin (BLM), peplomycin (PEP) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), which are commonly used to treat head and neck cancer by simultaneous administration, the semiacute toxicity of each of these drugs in rats was studied as an initial step. Body-weight change, general behavior, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), serum biochemistry (s-GOT, s-GPT, BUN, GLU, ALB, TP), A/G ratio, relative organ weight and histopathological features were determined. BLM and PEP given by ip administration once a week produced severe diarrhea, decreased diet consumption, emaciation, piloerection and loss of hair, enhancements of RBC and WBC, several changes in serum biochemistry, proliferation and mitosis of epithelial cells in the forestomach and occasional granular and vacuolar degeneration in the liver. CDDP administered in the same manner produced a significant decrease of WBC, several changes in serum biochemistry parameters especially BUN, an increased focal-segmental mesangial matrix in the glomeruli and vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells of the convoluted tubule of the kidney.

Topics: Animals; Bleomycin; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Diarrhea; Erythrocyte Count; Liver; Male; Organ Size; Organoplatinum Compounds; Peplomycin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach; Weight Loss