pentylenetetrazole has been researched along with Drug Withdrawal Symptoms in 100 studies
Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.
pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Morphine dependence increased a PTZ-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of the population spike in CA1 in vitro." | 7.75 | Morphine dependence increases the response to a brief pentylenetetrazol administration in rat hippocampal CA1 in vitro. ( Fathollahi, Y; Jafarzadeh, Z; Omrani, A; Salmani, ME; Salmanzadeh, F; Semnanian, S, 2009) |
| "This study investigated the effects of a benzodiazepine partial agonist, abecarnil, and a full agonist, alprazolam, on ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behaviors in rats." | 7.70 | Abecarnil and alprazolam reverse anxiety-like behaviors induced by ethanol withdrawal. ( Gatch, MB; Jung, ME; Lal, H; Wallis, CJ, 2000) |
| "We assessed the seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following the chronic co-administration of, and withdrawal from, caffeine and ethanol in male rats." | 5.48 | Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model. ( Alele, PE; Matovu, D, 2018) |
| " Both acute and chronic administration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p." | 5.33 | Protective effect of quercetin on alcohol abstinence-induced anxiety and convulsions. ( Joshi, D; Kulkarni, SK; Naidu, PS; Singh, A, 2005) |
| " Here, we expand on these findings to test whether ethosuximide can reduce the sensitivity to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures during ethanol withdrawal." | 3.81 | Ethosuximide Reduces Mortality and Seizure Severity in Response to Pentylenetetrazole Treatment During Ethanol Withdrawal. ( Godwin, DW; Masicampo, ML; Riegle, MA; Shan, HQ; Xu, V, 2015) |
| "Morphine dependence increased a PTZ-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of the population spike in CA1 in vitro." | 3.75 | Morphine dependence increases the response to a brief pentylenetetrazol administration in rat hippocampal CA1 in vitro. ( Fathollahi, Y; Jafarzadeh, Z; Omrani, A; Salmani, ME; Salmanzadeh, F; Semnanian, S, 2009) |
| ") in mice chronically treated with temazepam or diazepam induced the appearance of withdrawal signs: clonic seizures, tonic convulsions and death episodes." | 3.73 | Influence of adenosine receptor agonists on benzodiazepine withdrawal signs in mice. ( Fidecka, S; Listos, J; Malec, D, 2005) |
| " In a prospective trial in dogs with newly diagnosed epilepsy, ELB 138 markedly reduced seizure frequency and severity without significant difference to standard treatments (phenobarbital or primidone) but was much better tolerated than the standard drugs." | 3.72 | Anticonvulsant efficacy of the low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist ELB 138 in a dog seizure model and in epileptic dogs with spontaneously recurrent seizures. ( Löscher, W; Potschka, H; Rieck, S; Rundfeldt, C; Tipold, A, 2004) |
| "Perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy, the increase in seizure frequency that some women with epilepsy experience near the time of menstruation, may in part be related to withdrawal of the progesterone metabolite allopregnanolone, an endogenous anticonvulsant neurosteroid that is a potent positive allosteric gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABA(A)) receptor modulator." | 3.71 | Neurosteroid withdrawal model of perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy. ( Kim, HY; Reddy, DS; Rogawski, MA, 2001) |
| "Perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy may in part be due to withdrawal of the endogenous progesterone-derived neurosteroid allopregnanolone that potentiates gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABA(A)) receptor-mediated inhibition." | 3.71 | Enhanced anticonvulsant activity of neuroactive steroids in a rat model of catamenial epilepsy. ( Reddy, DS; Rogawski, MA, 2001) |
| "Four dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists were compared for their ability to protect against the hyperexcitability produced in mice by withdrawal from chronic ethanol treatment and to protect against seizures due to bicuculline or pentylenetetrazol." | 3.71 | Selectivity of the protective effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists against the ethanol withdrawal syndrome. ( Little, HJ; Watson, WP, 2002) |
| "This study investigated the effects of a benzodiazepine partial agonist, abecarnil, and a full agonist, alprazolam, on ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety-like behaviors in rats." | 3.70 | Abecarnil and alprazolam reverse anxiety-like behaviors induced by ethanol withdrawal. ( Gatch, MB; Jung, ME; Lal, H; Wallis, CJ, 2000) |
| "6 mg/kg pentylenetetrazole and exhibited an increase in susceptibility to clonic seizures." | 3.68 | State-dependent stimulus control: cueing attributes of ethanol "hangover" in rats. ( Gauvin, DV; Goulden, KL; Holloway, FA, 1993) |
| "Sodium phenobarbitone (20 and 70 mg/kg) had a significant anticonvulsant action against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, which persisted for 21 days of treatment." | 3.68 | Changes in seizure threshold and aggression during chronic treatment with three anticonvulsants and on drug withdrawal. ( File, SE; Wilks, LJ, 1990) |
| "We assessed the seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following the chronic co-administration of, and withdrawal from, caffeine and ethanol in male rats." | 1.48 | Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model. ( Alele, PE; Matovu, D, 2018) |
| "Common withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, increased reactivity to stimuli and increased seizure susceptibility as well as the risk of increased seizure severity." | 1.38 | Running wheel activity protects against increased seizure susceptibility in ethanol withdrawn male rats. ( Devaud, LL; Khurana, RC; McCulley, WD; Rosenwasser, AM; Walls, SA, 2012) |
| "Moreover, the seizure susceptibility increased 10 days after diphenhydramine withdrawal in wild-type mice but not in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice, which lack histamine." | 1.38 | Chronic h1-antihistamine treatment increases seizure susceptibility after withdrawal by impairing glutamine synthetase. ( Chen, Z; Fan, YY; Fang, Q; He, P; Hu, WW; Ohtsu, H; Xu, TL; Xu, ZH; Yan, HJ; Yang, Y; Zhang, CY; Zhang, XN; Zhong, K, 2012) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was significantly suppressed by intracerebroventricular (i." | 1.38 | Involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal. ( Mori, T; Shibasaki, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T, 2012) |
| " In order to investigate the relationship between tolerance and withdrawal to the cue properties of CDP, CDP dose-response curves were determined 24 h following treatment with SAL or 10 mg/kg CDP." | 1.33 | Evidence for PTZ-like cues as a function of time following treatment with chlordiazepoxide: implications for understanding tolerance and withdrawal. ( Barrett, RJ; Smith, RL, 2005) |
| " Both acute and chronic administration of quercetin (25 or 50 mg/kg, p." | 1.33 | Protective effect of quercetin on alcohol abstinence-induced anxiety and convulsions. ( Joshi, D; Kulkarni, SK; Naidu, PS; Singh, A, 2005) |
| " (2) For nicotine dose-response tests, more male rats (70%) selected the PTZ lever than OVX (37." | 1.31 | Sex differences in nicotine substitution to a pentylenetetrazol discriminative stimulus during ethanol withdrawal in rats. ( Gatch, MB; Jung, ME; Lal, H; Wallis, CJ, 2000) |
| "A reduction in seizure threshold was observed 4 days after discontinuation of lorazepam alone." | 1.30 | The NMDA receptor competitive antagonist CPP modulates benzodiazepine tolerance and discontinuation. ( Greenblatt, DJ; Koff, JM; Miller, LG; Pritchard, GA, 1997) |
| "The increase in seizure sensitivity of repeatedly withdrawn mice was prevented by treatment with the NMDA receptor antagonist CGP 39551 (20 mg/kg, i." | 1.30 | Sensitisation to repeated withdrawal, in mice treated chronically with diazepam, is blocked by an NMDA receptor antagonist. ( Dunworth, SJ; Stephens, DN, 1998) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole in diazepam-withdrawn mice was not significantly affected by L-arginine (50 and 100 microg/mouse, i." | 1.30 | Role of nitric oxide in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in diazepam-withdrawn mice. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M; Yajima, Y, 1998) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was significantly suppressed by intracerebroventricular (i." | 1.30 | Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal. ( Misawa, M; Shimizu, N; Soma, M; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M, 1999) |
| "The decrease in the seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal was inhibited by pretreatment with MK-801 ((+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cycloheptan-5,10-imine maleate), 7-chlorokynurenic acid and ifenprodil." | 1.30 | Recovery of decreased seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal by NMDA receptor antagonists. ( Misawa, M; Suzuki, T; Tsuda, M, 1997) |
| "This ethanol-induced increase in seizure rating was unaffected by carbamazepine (30 mg kg(-1)) but significantly reduced at a higher concentration (130 mg kg(-1))." | 1.30 | Effect of chronic ethanol treatment in vivo on excitability in mouse cortical neurones in vitro. ( Boden, PR; Field, MJ; Ibbotson, T, 1997) |
| " Three tests were used in which the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil was administered to rats receiving chronic administration of chlordiazepoxide." | 1.29 | Conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of ondansetron in benzodiazepine withdrawal. ( Emmett-Oglesby, MW; Hooper, ML; Lal, H; Lane, JD; Lytle, DA; Prather, PL; Rezazadeh, SM; Rowan, GA, 1993) |
| "Alpidem is a new anxiolytic of imidazopyridine structure which has a high affinity for the omega 1 (BZ1) modulatory site of the GABAA receptor." | 1.29 | Repeated treatment with alpidem, a new anxiolytic, does not induce tolerance or physical dependence. ( Morel, E; Perrault, G; Sanger, DJ; Zivkovic, B, 1993) |
| " These observations indicated that 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are ineffective in attenuating hyperlocomotor activity following abrupt termination of chronic administration of ethanol or diazepam, and increased sensitivity to PTZ in the ethanol-withdrawn rats." | 1.29 | Ethanol- and diazepam-withdrawal hyperlocomotion is not due to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation. ( Mehta, AK; Ticku, MK, 1993) |
| "glucocorticoids on convulsions." | 1.29 | Type I corticosteroid receptors modulate PTZ-induced convulsions of withdrawal seizure prone mice. ( Crabbe, JC; Keith, LD; Roberts, AJ, 1993) |
| " Using a cumulative dosing procedure, PTZ substituted for PTZ, and MDZ, chlordiazepoxide and diazepam (DZP) substituted for MDZ, in a dose-dependent manner." | 1.28 | Tolerance, cross-tolerance and withdrawal in rats made dependent on diazepam. ( Boone, MS; Emmett-Oglesby, MW; Pugh, SL, 1992) |
| " In the pair-fed controls, or rats withdrawn from the smaller dosage of either ethanol or cocaine, the test dose of saline or cocaine did not elicit the PTZ-stimulus; only 30% of rats selected the PTZ-appropriate level at the highest dose of cocaine tested (10 mg/kg)." | 1.28 | Protracted withdrawal: sensitization of the anxiogenic response to cocaine in rats concurrently treated with ethanol. ( Lal, H; Prather, PL, 1992) |
| " After chronic administration (50 mg/kg per day i." | 1.27 | Subacute benzodiazepine treatment: observations on behavioural tolerance and withdrawal. ( Gonzalez, JP; McCulloch, AJ; Nicholls, PJ; Sewell, RD; Tekle, A, 1984) |
| " In a separate experiment, Ro 15-1788 produced a PTZ-like stimulus when given at 2-day intervals during chronic administration of DZP." | 1.27 | Withdrawal from diazepam substitutes for the discriminative stimulus properties of pentylenetetrazol. ( Emmett-Oglesby, MW; Harris, CM; Idemudia, SO; Lal, H; Mathis, DA, 1988) |
| "Withdrawal seizure prone (WSP) and withdrawal seizure resistant (WSR) lines of mice have been genetically selected based on the severity of handling-induced convulsions after identical chronic ethanol exposure." | 1.27 | Differences in GABA activity between ethanol withdrawal seizure prone and resistant mice. ( Crabbe, JC; Feller, DJ; Harris, RA, 1988) |
| " Following redetermination of the PTZ and cocaine dose-response curves, chronic cocaine injections were terminated and spontaneous withdrawal was assessed by determining its substitution for the PTZ stimulus." | 1.27 | Anxiogenic properties of cocaine withdrawal. ( Lal, H; Wood, DM, 1987) |
| " Dose-response curves for the convulsive effect of pentylenetetrazol obtained at the peak of the withdrawal signs shifted greatly to the left in alcohol withdrawn animals but less in barbital withdrawn animals." | 1.27 | Differentiation of alcohol and barbital physical dependence. ( Kaneda, H; Kaneto, H; Kawatani, S, 1986) |
| "Verapamil significantly decreased seizure incidence and both it and flunarizine lowered mortality." | 1.27 | Calcium channel antagonists decrease the ethanol withdrawal syndrome. ( Dolin, SJ; Halsey, MJ; Little, HJ, 1986) |
| "The i." | 1.26 | The effects of chronic administration and withdrawal of (+)-amphetamine on seizure threshold and endogenous catecholamine concentrations and their rates of biosynthesis in mice. ( Gerald, MC; Riffee, WH, 1977) |
| "Mice were given several atropine injections at a high dosage level." | 1.25 | Sensitivity changes to morphine and other drugs induced by cholinergic blockade. ( Contreras, E; Quijada, L; Tamayo, L, 1975) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 37 (37.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 33 (33.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 20 (20.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 9 (9.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (1.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Johari, IS | 1 |
| Harun, N | 1 |
| Sofian, ZM | 1 |
| Shoaib, M | 1 |
| Talarek, S | 2 |
| Listos, J | 3 |
| Orzelska-Gorka, J | 1 |
| Serefko, A | 1 |
| Kotlińska, J | 1 |
| Matovu, D | 1 |
| Alele, PE | 3 |
| Riegle, MA | 1 |
| Masicampo, ML | 1 |
| Shan, HQ | 1 |
| Xu, V | 1 |
| Godwin, DW | 1 |
| Koirala, B | 1 |
| Devaud, LL | 4 |
| Gililland-Kaufman, KR | 1 |
| Tanchuck, MA | 1 |
| Ford, MM | 1 |
| Crabbe, JC | 5 |
| Beadles-Bohling, AS | 1 |
| Snelling, C | 1 |
| Mark, GP | 1 |
| Finn, DA | 3 |
| Jafarzadeh, Z | 1 |
| Fathollahi, Y | 1 |
| Semnanian, S | 1 |
| Omrani, A | 1 |
| Salmanzadeh, F | 1 |
| Salmani, ME | 1 |
| Chester, JA | 1 |
| Coon, LE | 1 |
| McCulley, WD | 2 |
| Walls, SA | 2 |
| Khurana, RC | 1 |
| Rosenwasser, AM | 2 |
| Hu, WW | 1 |
| Fang, Q | 1 |
| Xu, ZH | 1 |
| Yan, HJ | 1 |
| He, P | 1 |
| Zhong, K | 1 |
| Fan, YY | 1 |
| Yang, Y | 1 |
| Zhang, XN | 1 |
| Zhang, CY | 1 |
| Ohtsu, H | 1 |
| Xu, TL | 1 |
| Chen, Z | 1 |
| Kubová, H | 1 |
| Mareš, P | 1 |
| Mori, T | 1 |
| Shimizu, N | 3 |
| Shibasaki, M | 1 |
| Suzuki, T | 4 |
| Jung, ME | 4 |
| Lal, H | 16 |
| Gatch, MB | 5 |
| Löscher, W | 1 |
| Potschka, H | 1 |
| Rieck, S | 1 |
| Tipold, A | 1 |
| Rundfeldt, C | 1 |
| Barrett, RJ | 1 |
| Smith, RL | 1 |
| Joshi, D | 1 |
| Naidu, PS | 1 |
| Singh, A | 1 |
| Kulkarni, SK | 1 |
| Atack, JR | 1 |
| Wafford, KA | 1 |
| Tye, SJ | 1 |
| Cook, SM | 1 |
| Sohal, B | 1 |
| Pike, A | 1 |
| Sur, C | 1 |
| Melillo, D | 1 |
| Bristow, L | 1 |
| Bromidge, F | 1 |
| Ragan, I | 1 |
| Kerby, J | 1 |
| Street, L | 1 |
| Carling, R | 1 |
| Castro, JL | 1 |
| Whiting, P | 1 |
| Dawson, GR | 1 |
| McKernan, RM | 1 |
| Malec, D | 1 |
| Fidecka, S | 2 |
| Gonzalez, JP | 1 |
| McCulloch, AJ | 1 |
| Nicholls, PJ | 1 |
| Sewell, RD | 1 |
| Tekle, A | 1 |
| Emmett-Oglesby, M | 1 |
| Spencer, D | 1 |
| Lewis, M | 1 |
| Elmesallamy, F | 2 |
| Oliver, AP | 1 |
| Parker, ES | 1 |
| Wyatt, RJ | 1 |
| Emmett-Oglesby, MW | 11 |
| Spencer, DG | 2 |
| Lewis, MW | 1 |
| Harris, CM | 4 |
| Lane, JD | 2 |
| Tagashira, E | 2 |
| Hiramori, T | 2 |
| Nakao, K | 2 |
| Urano, T | 2 |
| Yanaura, S | 2 |
| Kuroiwa, Y | 1 |
| Rigter, H | 1 |
| Rijk, H | 1 |
| Mucha, RF | 1 |
| Fassos, FF | 1 |
| Perl, FM | 1 |
| Asai, M | 1 |
| Talavera, E | 1 |
| Massarini, A | 1 |
| Zubieta, M | 1 |
| Vindrola, O | 1 |
| Perrault, G | 1 |
| Morel, E | 1 |
| Sanger, DJ | 1 |
| Zivkovic, B | 1 |
| Prather, PL | 2 |
| Rezazadeh, SM | 1 |
| Rowan, GA | 2 |
| Hooper, ML | 1 |
| Lytle, DA | 1 |
| Cannizzaro, G | 1 |
| Flugy, A | 1 |
| Cannizzaro, C | 1 |
| Gagliano, M | 1 |
| Sabatino, M | 1 |
| Gauvin, DV | 2 |
| Goulden, KL | 1 |
| Holloway, FA | 2 |
| Roberts, AJ | 2 |
| Keith, LD | 1 |
| Mehta, AK | 1 |
| Ticku, MK | 2 |
| Byrnes, JJ | 1 |
| Miller, LG | 2 |
| Perkins, K | 1 |
| Greenblatt, DJ | 2 |
| Shader, RI | 1 |
| Bronson, ME | 2 |
| Putzke, J | 1 |
| Spanagel, R | 1 |
| Tölle, TR | 1 |
| Zieglgänsberger, W | 1 |
| Lotrich, F | 1 |
| Gallaher, EJ | 2 |
| Tsuda, M | 3 |
| Misawa, M | 3 |
| Hu, XJ | 1 |
| Ibbotson, T | 1 |
| Field, MJ | 1 |
| Boden, PR | 1 |
| Koff, JM | 1 |
| Pritchard, GA | 1 |
| Ward, BO | 1 |
| Stephens, DN | 2 |
| Dunworth, SJ | 1 |
| Yajima, Y | 1 |
| Martin, JR | 1 |
| Moreau, JL | 1 |
| Jenck, F | 1 |
| Pieri, L | 1 |
| Garibova, TL | 1 |
| Val'dman, EA | 1 |
| Voronina, TA | 1 |
| Kraĭneva, VA | 1 |
| Becker, HC | 1 |
| Veatch, LM | 1 |
| Diaz-Granados, JL | 1 |
| Soma, M | 1 |
| Acheson, SK | 1 |
| Richardson, R | 1 |
| Swartzwelder, HS | 1 |
| Davidson, M | 1 |
| Chen, W | 1 |
| Wilce, PA | 1 |
| Wallis, CJ | 4 |
| Lazarova, M | 1 |
| Petkova, B | 1 |
| Staneva-Stoycheva, D | 1 |
| Montiel, T | 1 |
| Almeida, D | 1 |
| Arango, I | 1 |
| Calixto, E | 1 |
| Casasola, C | 1 |
| Brailowsky, S | 1 |
| Gupta, N | 1 |
| Bhargava, VK | 1 |
| Pandhi, P | 1 |
| Reddy, DS | 2 |
| Rogawski, MA | 2 |
| Kim, HY | 1 |
| Watson, WP | 1 |
| Little, HJ | 2 |
| Pircio, AW | 1 |
| Gylys, JA | 1 |
| Cavanagh, RL | 1 |
| Buyniski, JP | 1 |
| Bierwagen, ME | 1 |
| Riffee, WH | 1 |
| Gerald, MC | 1 |
| Gildea, ML | 1 |
| Bourn, WM | 1 |
| Morgan, WW | 1 |
| Pfeil, KA | 1 |
| Gonzales, EG | 1 |
| Freed, WJ | 1 |
| Michaelis, EK | 1 |
| Hoffman, PL | 1 |
| Ritzmann, RF | 2 |
| Tabokoff, B | 1 |
| Tabakoff, B | 1 |
| Contreras, E | 1 |
| Tamayo, L | 1 |
| Quijada, L | 1 |
| Pinel, JP | 1 |
| Van Oot, PH | 1 |
| Goldstein, DB | 2 |
| Kakihana, R | 1 |
| Pugh, SL | 1 |
| Boone, MS | 1 |
| Roberts, J | 1 |
| Youngblood, BD | 1 |
| File, SE | 1 |
| Wilks, LJ | 1 |
| Mathis, DA | 2 |
| Idemudia, SO | 2 |
| Bhadra, S | 2 |
| Robinson, NG | 1 |
| Benjamin, D | 1 |
| Springfield, AC | 1 |
| Feller, DJ | 1 |
| Harris, RA | 1 |
| Wood, DM | 1 |
| Kaneto, H | 1 |
| Kawatani, S | 1 |
| Kaneda, H | 1 |
| Dolin, SJ | 1 |
| Halsey, MJ | 1 |
| Browne, TR | 1 |
| Penry, JK | 1 |
| Leite, JR | 1 |
| Carlini, EA | 1 |
| Chesher, GB | 1 |
| Jackson, DM | 1 |
| Hunt, WA | 1 |
| Ratcliffe, F | 1 |
| Jaffe, JH | 2 |
| Sharpless, SK | 2 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo- and Active Comparator-controlled, Crossover Trial to Examine the Effect of Multiple Doses of CVL-865 on Panic Symptoms Induced by Carbon Dioxide Inhalation in Healthy Subject[NCT04592536] | Phase 1 | 56 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-10-06 | Completed | ||
| Augment in Treatment-resistent Obsessive-compulsive Disorder: an Open-label Trial[NCT00590642] | 30 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2006-04-30 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
3 reviews available for pentylenetetrazole and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
The discriminative stimulus effects of pentylenetetrazol as a model of anxiety: recent developments.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Discrimination, Psychological; Drug Interactio | 2002 |
Drug discrimination used to study drug withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Discrimination Learning; Flumazenil; Pentylenetetrazole; Substance Withdr | 1991 |
Benzodiazepines in the treatment of epilepsy. A review.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Eclampsia; Elec | 1973 |
97 other studies available for pentylenetetrazole and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pentylenetetrazol-like stimulus is not produced following naloxone-precipitated mitragynine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Naloxone; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Substance Withdrawal | 2021 |
NMDA Receptors and NO:cGMP Signaling Pathway Mediate the Diazepam-Induced Sensitization to Withdrawal Signs in Mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Cyclic GMP; Diazepam; Male; Mice; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; Nitric Ox | 2018 |
Seizure vulnerability and anxiety responses following chronic co-administration and acute withdrawal of caffeine and ethanol in a rat model.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Caffeine; Ethanol; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague | 2018 |
Ethosuximide Reduces Mortality and Seizure Severity in Response to Pentylenetetrazole Treatment During Ethanol Withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Mortality; Pentyle | 2015 |
Influence of hormonal status on behavioral responses to an acute ethanol challenge during ethanol withdrawal in male and female rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ataxia; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Data Interpr | 2008 |
The neurosteroid environment in the hippocampus exerts bi-directional effects on seizure susceptibility in mice.
Topics: 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nerv | 2008 |
Morphine dependence increases the response to a brief pentylenetetrazol administration in rat hippocampal CA1 in vitro.
Topics: Animals; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Evoked Potent | 2009 |
Pentylenetetrazol produces a state-dependent conditioned place aversion to alcohol withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Ethanol; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Running wheel activity protects against increased seizure susceptibility in ethanol withdrawn male rats.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Energy Intake; Male; Motor Acti | 2012 |
Chronic h1-antihistamine treatment increases seizure susceptibility after withdrawal by impairing glutamine synthetase.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Blotting, Western; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Convulsants; Electrosh | 2012 |
Partial agonist of benzodiazepine receptors Ro 19-8022 elicits withdrawal symptoms after short-term administration in immature rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Adminis | 2012 |
Voluntary wheel running attenuates ethanol withdrawal-induced increases in seizure susceptibility in male and female rats.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Animals; Convulsants; Ethanol; Female; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Physic | 2012 |
Involvement of the arachidonic acid cascade in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Convulsants; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diazepam; Diclofenac; Enzyme Inhi | 2012 |
Anticonvulsant efficacy of the low-affinity partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist ELB 138 in a dog seizure model and in epileptic dogs with spontaneously recurrent seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bromides; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Dru | 2004 |
Evidence for PTZ-like cues as a function of time following treatment with chlordiazepoxide: implications for understanding tolerance and withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Discrimination Learning; GABA Agonists; Male; Motiva | 2005 |
Protective effect of quercetin on alcohol abstinence-induced anxiety and convulsions.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Animals; Anxiety; Ethanol; Female; Hyperkinesis; Male; Mice; Motor Acti | 2005 |
TPA023 [7-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6-(2-ethyl-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylmethoxy)-3-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine], an agonist selective for alpha2- and alpha3-containing GABAA receptors, is a nonsedating anxiolytic in rodents and primates.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; A | 2006 |
Influence of adenosine receptor agonists on benzodiazepine withdrawal signs in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Benzodi | 2005 |
Sex differences in steroid modulation of ethanol withdrawal in male and female rats.
Topics: Animals; Corticosterone; Estradiol; Ethanol; Female; Male; Neuroprotective Agents; Ovariectomy; Pent | 2007 |
Adenosine receptor agonists attenuate the development of diazepam withdrawal-induced sensitization in mice.
Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarb | 2008 |
Subacute benzodiazepine treatment: observations on behavioural tolerance and withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Diazepam; Drinking Beha | 1984 |
Anxiogenic aspects of diazepam withdrawal can be detected in animals.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Benzodiazepinones; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Flumazenil; Humans; Male; Pe | 1983 |
Sequence of alcohol presentation is important in the potentiation of long-term events.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Ethanol; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Kindling | 1984 |
Bioassay of subjective effects associated with benzodiazepine withdrawal in animals: a novel direction in dependence research.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Biological Assay; Clonidine; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Discrimina | 1984 |
Withdrawal from morphine generalizes to a pentylenetetrazol stimulus.
Topics: Animals; Discrimination, Psychological; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Pentylenetetraz | 1984 |
Effects of central monoamine compounds on tranylcypromine-induced barbital-withdrawal convulsions.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Mal | 1983 |
The pentylenetetrazol model of anxiety detects withdrawal from diazepam in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Male; Pentylene | 1983 |
Specific action of tranylcypromine to precipitate barbital withdrawal convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Humans; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rat | 1982 |
Tolerance to ethanol and severity of withdrawal in mice are enhanced by a vasopressin fragment.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Humans; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Pyrazoles; | 1980 |
Withdrawal-like effects of pentylenetetrazol and valproate in the naive organism: a model of motivation produced by opiate withdrawal?
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relation | 1995 |
Valproic acid-induced rapid changes of met-enkephalin levels in rat brain. Probable association with abstinence behavior and anticonvulsant activity.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Chromatography, Gel; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid | 1994 |
Repeated treatment with alpidem, a new anxiolytic, does not induce tolerance or physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Carbolines; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug | 1993 |
Conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of ondansetron in benzodiazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Conditioning, Psychological; Discrimination Learning | 1993 |
Effects of desipramine and alprazolam in the forced swim test in rats after long-lasting termination of chronic exposure to picrotoxin and pentylenetetrazol.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Desipramine; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Male; Motor Activit | 1993 |
State-dependent stimulus control: cueing attributes of ethanol "hangover" in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Association Learning; Avoidance Learning; Chlordiazepoxide; Conditioning, Classica | 1993 |
Type I corticosteroid receptors modulate PTZ-induced convulsions of withdrawal seizure prone mice.
Topics: Aminoglutethimide; Animals; Desoxycorticosterone; Dexamethasone; Disease Susceptibility; Ethanol; Ma | 1993 |
Ethanol- and diazepam-withdrawal hyperlocomotion is not due to 5-HT3 receptor stimulation.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Ethanol; Male; Motor Activity; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Re | 1993 |
Chronic benzodiazepine administration. XI. Concurrent administration of PK11195 attenuates lorazepam discontinuation effects.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; GABA-A R | 1993 |
Withdrawal from chronic haloperidol substitutes for the pentylenetetrazol discriminative stimulus.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Haloperidol; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strai | 1993 |
The anti-craving drug acamprosate reduces c-fos expression in rats undergoing ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Acamprosate; Alcohol Deterrents; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cerebellum; Convulsant | 1996 |
Genetic differences in behavioral sensitivity to a neuroactive steroid.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anticonvulsants; Ataxia; Avoidance Learning; Dose-Response Relationshi | 1997 |
Recovery of decreased seizure threshold for pentylenetetrazole during diazepam withdrawal by NMDA receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug I | 1997 |
Functional characterization of a kindling-like model of ethanol withdrawal in cortical cultured neurons after chronic intermittent ethanol exposure.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Drug Administration Schedule; Ethanol; Female; | 1997 |
Effect of chronic ethanol treatment in vivo on excitability in mouse cortical neurones in vitro.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Excitatory Postsy | 1997 |
The NMDA receptor competitive antagonist CPP modulates benzodiazepine tolerance and discontinuation.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Hipp | 1997 |
Sensitisation of withdrawal signs following repeated withdrawal from a benzodiazepine: differences between measures of anxiety and seizure sensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Conflict, Psychological | 1998 |
Sensitisation to repeated withdrawal, in mice treated chronically with diazepam, is blocked by an NMDA receptor antagonist.
Topics: 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Convulsants; Diazepam; Excitatory Amino A | 1998 |
Role of nitric oxide in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in diazepam-withdrawn mice.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Diazepam; Enzyme Inhibitors; Male; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nit | 1998 |
Sarmazenil-precipitated withdrawal: a reliable method for assessing dependence liability of benzodiazepine receptor ligands.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Toleran | 1998 |
[Effect of calcium channel blocker nifedipine on anxiety and seizure manifestations of abstinence syndrome in rats after withdrawal of long-term diazepam administration].
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium | 1998 |
Repeated ethanol withdrawal experience selectively alters sensitivity to different chemoconvulsant drugs in mice.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Convulsants; Ethanol; Kainic Acid; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Mice; Mice, Inb | 1998 |
Role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hypersusceptibility to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure during diazepam withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Injections, Intraventricu | 1999 |
Developmental changes in seizure susceptibility during ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Body Weight; Central Nervous System Depressants; Convulsants; Ethanol; Pentyle | 1999 |
Behavioral analysis of PTZ-kindled rats after acute and chronic ethanol treatments.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Convulsants; Ethanol; Kindling, Neuro | 1999 |
Sex differences in the pentylenetetrazol-like stimulus induced by ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Castration; Central Nervous System Depressants; Diazepam; Discrimination | 1999 |
Differential change in neuroactive steroid sensitivity during ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Ataxia; | 2000 |
Effects of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nitrendipine on carbamazepine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbamazepine; Convulsants; Male; Nitrendipine; | 1999 |
Long-lasting effects of GABA infusion into the cerebral cortex of the rat.
Topics: Animals; Anisomycin; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Electric Stimulation; Epilepsy; gamma-Aminobutyri | 2000 |
Sex differences in nicotine substitution to a pentylenetetrazol discriminative stimulus during ethanol withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Discrimination Learning; Ethanol; Female; GABA Antagoni | 2000 |
Tolerance and withdrawal to anticonvulsant action of clonazepam: role of nitric oxide.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Drug Tolerance; Female; Male; Nitric Oxide; Nitroarginine; Pen | 2000 |
Abecarnil and alprazolam reverse anxiety-like behaviors induced by ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Alprazolam; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Carbolines; Discrimination Lear | 2000 |
Effects of calcium channel blockers on pentylenetetrazol drug discrimination in rats.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diet; Discrimination, Psychological; Ethanol; Kinetics; Male; Nim | 2001 |
Enhanced anticonvulsant activity of neuroactive steroids in a rat model of catamenial epilepsy.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Desoxycorticosterone; Diazepam; | 2001 |
Neurosteroid withdrawal model of perimenstrual catamenial epilepsy.
Topics: 20-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone; Adult; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susc | 2001 |
Selectivity of the protective effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists against the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ataxia; Behavior, Animal; Bicuculline; Body Temperature; Calcium Channel B | 2002 |
The pharmacology of butorphanol, a 3,14-dihydroxymorphinan narcotic antagonist analgesic.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cyclobutanes; Dogs; Drug Tolerance; Female; Haplorhini; Hemod | 1976 |
The effects of chronic administration and withdrawal of (+)-amphetamine on seizure threshold and endogenous catecholamine concentrations and their rates of biosynthesis in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dextroamphetamine; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Dr | 1977 |
Effect of barbiturate withdrawal on pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold.
Topics: Animals; Barbiturates; Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Humans; Male; Pen | 1977 |
Effect of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine on the incidence of spontaneous convulsions observed following barbital withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Humans; Male; Methyltyrosines; Norepinep | 1978 |
Glutamic acid and ethanol dependence.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Ethanol; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamates; Humans | 1978 |
The influence of arginine vasopressin and oxytocin on ethanol dependence and tolerance.
Topics: Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Mice | 1979 |
Dissociation of alcohol tolerance and dependence.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Hydroxydopamines; Hypothermia; Male; Mice; | 1976 |
Sensitivity changes to morphine and other drugs induced by cholinergic blockade.
Topics: Amphetamine; Analgesics; Animals; Arecoline; Atropine; Drug Tolerance; Female; Hexobarbital; Humans; | 1975 |
Generality of the kindling phenomenon: some clinical implications.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Seizures; Subst | 1975 |
Alcohol withdrawal reactions in mouse strains selectively bred for long or short sleep times.
Topics: Animals; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenotype; Seizures; | 1975 |
Tolerance, cross-tolerance and withdrawal in rats made dependent on diazepam.
Topics: Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug | 1992 |
Withdrawal from chronic phencyclidine produces a pentylenetetrazol-like discriminative stimulus.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety Disorders; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Pentylene | 1992 |
Protracted withdrawal: sensitization of the anxiogenic response to cocaine in rats concurrently treated with ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Cocaine; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Drug | 1992 |
The discriminative stimulus properties of acute ethanol withdrawal (hangover) in rats.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Arousal; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; | 1992 |
Changes in seizure threshold and aggression during chronic treatment with three anticonvulsants and on drug withdrawal.
Topics: Aggression; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Lorazepam; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; Phenobarbital; Phen | 1990 |
Withdrawal from benzodiazepine dependence as a discriminative stimulus.
Topics: Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Cocaine; Discrimination Learning; Flumazenil; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; S | 1989 |
Anxiogenic effects of drug withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Pentylenetetrazole; Psychotropic Drugs; Rats; Subs | 1989 |
The pentylenetetrazol-like interoceptive stimulus produced by ethanol withdrawal is potentiated by bicuculline and picrotoxinin.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Bicuculline; Discrimination Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; G | 1989 |
Withdrawal from chronic nicotine substitutes partially for the interoceptive stimulus produced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ).
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Pentylenetetrazol | 1986 |
Withdrawal from diazepam substitutes for the discriminative stimulus properties of pentylenetetrazol.
Topics: Animals; Diazepam; Discrimination Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Flumazenil; Male; Pentylenetetra | 1988 |
Characterization of a pentylenetetrazol-like interoceptive stimulus produced by ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; Ethanol; Food; Male; Pentylenetetr | 1988 |
Differences in GABA activity between ethanol withdrawal seizure prone and resistant mice.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Brain; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Con | 1988 |
Anxiogenic properties of cocaine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Cocaine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1987 |
Differentiation of alcohol and barbital physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Barbital; Barbiturates; Diazepam; Ethanol; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Pe | 1986 |
Calcium channel antagonists decrease the ethanol withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diazepam; Ethanol; Flunarizine; Male; Motor Activity; Nimodipine; | 1986 |
Failure to obtain "cannabis-directed behavior" and abstinence syndrome in rats chronically treated with cannabis sativa extracts.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Barbiturates; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain; Cannabis; Drinking Beha | 1974 |
The effect of withdrawal from cannabis on pentylenetetrazol convulsive threshold in mice.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Cannabis; Dronabinol; Drug Interactions; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Humans; Male | 1974 |
Convulsions elicited by handling: a sensitive method of measuring CNS excitation in mice treated with reserpine or convulsant drugs.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Mice; Pent | 1973 |
Changes in the neuro-excitability of alcohol-dependent rats undergoing withdrawal as measured by the pentylenetetrazole seizure threshold.
Topics: Animals; Disease Susceptibility; Ethanol; Humans; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Proadifen; Rats; Seizure | 1973 |
Ethanol dependence in the rat: its production and characteristics.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Auditory Threshold; Behavior, Animal; Electroshock; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Pe | 1972 |
The rapid development of physical dependence on barbiturates.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Denervation; Humans; Pentobarbital; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Substance Withdrawa | 1965 |
The electrical excitability of isolated cortex during barbiturate withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Barbiturates; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Electric Stimulation; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniq | 1966 |