pentostatin and Hyperthyroidism

The A1 adenosine and M2 muscarinic receptors exert protective (including energy consumption limiting) effects in the heart. We investigated the influence of adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibition on a representative energy consumption limiting function, the direct negative inotropic effect elicited by the A1 adenosinergic and M2 muscarinergic systems, in eu- and hyperthyroid atria. Furthermore, we compared the change in the interstitial adenosine level caused by ADA inhibition and nucleoside transport blockade, two well-established processes to stimulate the cell surface A1 adenosine receptors, in both thyroid states. A classical isolated organ technique was applied supplemented with the receptorial responsiveness method (RRM), a concentration estimating procedure. Via measuring the contractile force, the direct negative inotropic capacity of N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine, a selective A1 receptor agonist, and methacholine, a muscarinic receptor agonist, was determined on the left atria isolated from 8-day solvent- and thyroxine-treated guinea pigs in the presence and absence of 2'-deoxycoformycin, a selective ADA inhibitor, and NBTI, a selective nucleoside transporter inhibitor. We found that ADA inhibition (but not nucleoside transport blockade) increased the signal amplification of the A1 adenosinergic (but not M2 muscarinergic) system. This action of ADA inhibition developed in both thyroid states, but it was greater in hyperthyroidism. Nevertheless, ADA inhibition produced a smaller rise in the interstitial adenosine concentration than nucleoside transport blockade did in both thyroid states. Our results indicate that ADA inhibition, besides increasing the interstitial adenosine level, intensifies the atrial A1 adenosinergic function in another (thyroid hormone-sensitive) way, suggesting a new mechanism of action of ADA inhibition.

Topics: Adenosine; Adenosine Deaminase; Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Hyperthyroidism; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Pentostatin; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Receptor, Muscarinic M2; Thyroxine

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that inhibition of adenosine deaminase (ADA) enhances the efficiency of signal-transduction of myocardial A1 adenosine receptors in hyperthyroidism. The inotropic response to N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA), a selective A1 adenosine receptor agonist resistant to ADA, was investigated in the absence or presence of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (EHNA), an ADA and cGMP-stimulated 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE2) inhibitor, or of pentostatin (2'-deoxycoformycin; DCF), an exclusive ADA inhibitor, in left atria isolated from eu- or hyperthyroid guinea pigs. Both ADA inhibitors enhanced the effect of CPA only in hyperthyroid atria. EHNA significantly increased the Emax (mean+/-S.E.M.) from 83.8+/-1.2% to 93.4+/-1.2%, while DCF significantly decreased the logEC50 from -7.5+/-0.07 to -7.83+/-0.07 in hyperthyroid samples. Conversely, EHNA also diminished the logEC50 (from -7.5+/-0.07 to -7.65+/-0.07) and DCF also raised the Emax (from 83.8+/-1.2% to 85.7+/-2%) in hyperthyroidism, but these changes were not significant. In conclusion, ADA inhibition moderately but significantly enhanced the efficiency of A(1) adenosine receptor signaling pathway in the hyperthyroid guinea pig atrium. This suggests that elevated intracellular adenosine level caused by ADA inhibition may improve the suppressed responsiveness to A1 adenosine receptor agonists associated with the hyperthyroid state. Alternatively or in addition, the role of decreased concentration of adenosine degradation products cannot be excluded. Furthermore, in the case of EHNA, inhibition of PDE2 also appears to contribute to the enhanced A1 adenosine receptor signaling in the hyperthyroid guinea pig atrium.

Topics: Adenine; Adenosine; Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; Adenosine Deaminase; Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; Animals; Benzyl Compounds; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Guinea Pigs; Heart Atria; Hyperthyroidism; Inosine; Male; Myocardial Contraction; Pentostatin; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Signal Transduction; Thyroxine