pentobarbital has been researched along with Status Epilepticus in 67 studies
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236)
pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.
Status Epilepticus: A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30)
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "New continuous infusion antiepileptic drugs (cIV-AEDs) offer alternatives to pentobarbital for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 8.81 | Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. ( Claassen, J; Emerson, RG; Hirsch, LJ; Mayer, SA, 2002) |
| "To model bolus dosing, infusion rate, and weaning rate on theoretical serum concentration of midazolam and pentobarbital used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 8.31 | Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Akhondi-Asl, A; Au, CC; LaRovere, K; Luchette, M; Tasker, RC, 2023) |
| "We sought to describe the prevalence of midazolam treatment failure in children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and define a threshold dose associated with diminishing frequency of seizure cessation." | 8.12 | High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. ( Daniels, ZS; George, AL; Goldstein, J; Rychlik, K; Smith, C; Srdanovic, N, 2022) |
| "We present a rare case of pentobarbital infusion causing propylene glycol-induced lactic acidosis, during refractory status epilepticus treatment in a 66-year-old man without seizure history." | 7.88 | Pentobarbital-induced lactic acidosis following status epilepticus barbiturate coma. ( Ghazala, S; Golden, TR; Solnicky, V; Wadeea, R, 2018) |
| "Retrospective chart review including children age 0-17 years who received pentobarbital infusion from 2003 to 2016 for status epilepticus." | 7.88 | Outcomes in Children Treated with Pentobarbital Infusion for Refractory and Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Anderson, A; Erklauer, J; Graf, J; Loftis, L; McPherson, M; Minard, CG; Wilfong, A, 2018) |
| "Ketamine is an emerging therapy for pediatric refractory status epilepticus." | 7.85 | Increasing Ketamine Use for Refractory Status Epilepticus in US Pediatric Hospitals. ( Alex, B; Antonetty, A; Buraniqi, E; Fialho, H; Grinspan, ZM; Hafeez, B; Jackson, MC; Jawahar, R; Keros, S; Kjelleren, S; Loddenkemper, T; Morgan, LA; Patel, AD; Sogawa, Y; Stewart, E; Wainwright, MS, 2017) |
| "Midazolam and pentobarbital remain the mainstay of continuous infusion therapy for refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric patient." | 7.83 | Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital. ( Abend, NS; Arya, R; Brenton, JN; Carpenter, JL; Chapman, KE; Gaillard, WD; Glauser, TA; Goldstein, J; Goodkin, HP; Helseth, AR; Jackson, MC; Kapur, K; Loddenkemper, T; Mikati, MA; Peariso, K; Sánchez Fernández, I; Tasker, RC; Wainwright, MS; Wilfong, AA; Williams, K, 2016) |
| "The purpose of this retrospective medical chart review was to describe dosing regimens and outcomes in children who received continuous pentobarbital therapy for refractory status epilepticus." | 7.78 | Continuous infusion pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Barberio, M; Dobyns, EL; Kaufman, J; Knupp, K; Reiter, PD, 2012) |
| " The authors report two cases of subacute marked tongue swelling resulting in airway compromise in patients with refractory status epilepticus requiring prolonged pentobarbital coma." | 7.75 | Massive tongue swelling in refractory status epilepticus treated with high-dose pentobarbital. ( Ji, T; Kotagal, S; Manno, EM; Rabinstein, AA; Wijdicks, EF; Zubkov, AY, 2009) |
| "To report a case of probable propylene glycol (PG) toxicity in a patient receiving continuous infusion of pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus." | 7.74 | Propylene glycol-induced lactic acidosis in a patient receiving continuous infusion pentobarbital. ( Forni, A; Miller, MA; Yogaratnam, D, 2008) |
| " The authors anecdotally observed that patients in a pentobarbital coma have a CSR that can mimic pathological conditions." | 7.70 | The ciliospinal reflex in pentobarbital coma. ( Andrefsky, JC; Chyatte, D; Frank, JI, 1999) |
| "Three children with refractory status epilepticus, unresponsive to intravenous administration of diazepam, phenytoin, and lidocaine, received pentobarbital therapy and were monitored by electroencephalography (EEG)." | 7.69 | Pentobarbital therapy for status epilepticus in children: timing of tapering. ( Hanaoka, S; Iwasaki, Y; Kinoshita, H; Nakagawa, E; Sugai, K, 1995) |
| "Rat brains (n = 17) with flurothyl-induced status epilepticus (SE) have been imaged with a gradient-echo diffusion-weighted imaging sequence at 2." | 7.69 | Barbiturate-reversible reduction of water diffusion coefficient in flurothyl-induced status epilepticus in rats. ( Gore, JC; Petroff, OA; Prichard, JW; Zhong, J, 1995) |
| "Pentobarbital coma (PBC) is a treatment for patients with refractory status epilepticus, but there are currently few guidelines for choosing when to initiate or continue this therapy." | 7.68 | Prognostic factors of pentobarbital therapy for refractory generalized status epilepticus. ( Lowenstein, DH; Yaffe, K, 1993) |
| "Tonic-clinic status epilepticus, which is refractory to phenobarbital, phenytoin, and diazepam, may respond readily to a continuous infusion of pentobarbital." | 7.66 | Pentobarbital in refractory status epilepticus. ( Hawkes, D; Ropper, AH; Woods, M; Yohn, P; Young, RS, 1983) |
| "Midazolam use was effective and well tolerated, affirming its value in pediatric RSE management." | 6.40 | Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus. ( Holmes, GL; Riviello, JJ, 1999) |
| "To investigate pentobarbital PK in SE and sTBI patients admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with population-based PK (PopPK) modelling and dosing simulations." | 5.91 | A Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pentobarbital for Children with Status Epilepticus and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. ( de Hoog, M; de Vries, JMP; de Winter, BCM; Ketharanathan, N; Koch, BCP; Lili, A; Wildschut, ED, 2023) |
| "Better treatment of status epilepticus (SE), which typically becomes refractory after about 30 min, will require new pharmacotherapies." | 5.39 | A comparative electrographic analysis of the effect of sec-butyl-propylacetamide on pharmacoresistant status epilepticus. ( Bialer, M; Dudek, FE; Hen, N; Kaufmann, D; Nelson, C; Pouliot, W; Ricks, K; Roach, B; Shekh-Ahmad, T; Yagen, B, 2013) |
| "Status epilepticus is common in infants and may have long-term consequences on the brain persisting into adulthood." | 5.36 | Harmful effect of kainic acid on brain ischemic damage is not related to duration of status epilepticus. ( Giorgi, FS; Hasson, H; Malhotra, S; Moshé, SL; Rosenbaum, DM, 2010) |
| "A seven-year-old child with generalized status epilepticus who was placed in a barbiturate coma was monitored with the bispectral index monitor in addition to the standard full channel electroencephalogram." | 5.32 | Use of an anesthesia cerebral monitor bispectral index to assess burst-suppression in pentobarbital coma. ( Gill, K; Horowitz, IN; Jaggi, P; Schwabe, MJ, 2003) |
| " The potential for serious complications of pentobarbital therapy among neonates highlights the need for careful dosing in this age group." | 5.31 | Neurologic outcomes of pediatric epileptic patients with pentobarbital coma. ( Kim, JS; Kim, SJ; Lee, DY, 2001) |
| "New continuous infusion antiepileptic drugs (cIV-AEDs) offer alternatives to pentobarbital for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 4.81 | Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. ( Claassen, J; Emerson, RG; Hirsch, LJ; Mayer, SA, 2002) |
| "To model bolus dosing, infusion rate, and weaning rate on theoretical serum concentration of midazolam and pentobarbital used in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus (RSE)." | 4.31 | Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Akhondi-Asl, A; Au, CC; LaRovere, K; Luchette, M; Tasker, RC, 2023) |
| "We sought to describe the prevalence of midazolam treatment failure in children with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and define a threshold dose associated with diminishing frequency of seizure cessation." | 4.12 | High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. ( Daniels, ZS; George, AL; Goldstein, J; Rychlik, K; Smith, C; Srdanovic, N, 2022) |
| "We present a rare case of pentobarbital infusion causing propylene glycol-induced lactic acidosis, during refractory status epilepticus treatment in a 66-year-old man without seizure history." | 3.88 | Pentobarbital-induced lactic acidosis following status epilepticus barbiturate coma. ( Ghazala, S; Golden, TR; Solnicky, V; Wadeea, R, 2018) |
| "Retrospective chart review including children age 0-17 years who received pentobarbital infusion from 2003 to 2016 for status epilepticus." | 3.88 | Outcomes in Children Treated with Pentobarbital Infusion for Refractory and Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus. ( Anderson, A; Erklauer, J; Graf, J; Loftis, L; McPherson, M; Minard, CG; Wilfong, A, 2018) |
| "Ketamine is an emerging therapy for pediatric refractory status epilepticus." | 3.85 | Increasing Ketamine Use for Refractory Status Epilepticus in US Pediatric Hospitals. ( Alex, B; Antonetty, A; Buraniqi, E; Fialho, H; Grinspan, ZM; Hafeez, B; Jackson, MC; Jawahar, R; Keros, S; Kjelleren, S; Loddenkemper, T; Morgan, LA; Patel, AD; Sogawa, Y; Stewart, E; Wainwright, MS, 2017) |
| "Midazolam and pentobarbital remain the mainstay of continuous infusion therapy for refractory status epilepticus in the pediatric patient." | 3.83 | Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital. ( Abend, NS; Arya, R; Brenton, JN; Carpenter, JL; Chapman, KE; Gaillard, WD; Glauser, TA; Goldstein, J; Goodkin, HP; Helseth, AR; Jackson, MC; Kapur, K; Loddenkemper, T; Mikati, MA; Peariso, K; Sánchez Fernández, I; Tasker, RC; Wainwright, MS; Wilfong, AA; Williams, K, 2016) |
| "The purpose of this retrospective medical chart review was to describe dosing regimens and outcomes in children who received continuous pentobarbital therapy for refractory status epilepticus." | 3.78 | Continuous infusion pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus in children. ( Barberio, M; Dobyns, EL; Kaufman, J; Knupp, K; Reiter, PD, 2012) |
| " Two animal models of TLE--amygdala kindling and pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (Pilo-SE)--were tested." | 3.75 | Pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy shows enhanced response to general anesthetics. ( Leung, LS; Long, JJ; Luo, T; McMurran, TJ; Shen, B; Stewart, L, 2009) |
| " The muscarinic convulsant pilocarpine was used to elicit status epilepticus (SE) in adult female Sprague Dawley rats." | 3.75 | A rat model of epilepsy in women: a tool to study physiological interactions between endocrine systems and seizures. ( Friedman, D; Harden, CL; Maclusky, NJ; Malthankar-Phatak, GH; McCloskey, DP; Pearce, P; Scharfman, HE, 2009) |
| " The authors report two cases of subacute marked tongue swelling resulting in airway compromise in patients with refractory status epilepticus requiring prolonged pentobarbital coma." | 3.75 | Massive tongue swelling in refractory status epilepticus treated with high-dose pentobarbital. ( Ji, T; Kotagal, S; Manno, EM; Rabinstein, AA; Wijdicks, EF; Zubkov, AY, 2009) |
| "We determined the efficacy of diazepam (DZP) and pentobarbital (PTB) in controlling prolonged status epilepticus (SE) in developing rats." | 3.74 | Effective treatments of prolonged status epilepticus in developing rats. ( Hasson, H; Kim, M; Moshé, SL, 2008) |
| "To report a case of probable propylene glycol (PG) toxicity in a patient receiving continuous infusion of pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus." | 3.74 | Propylene glycol-induced lactic acidosis in a patient receiving continuous infusion pentobarbital. ( Forni, A; Miller, MA; Yogaratnam, D, 2008) |
| " The authors anecdotally observed that patients in a pentobarbital coma have a CSR that can mimic pathological conditions." | 3.70 | The ciliospinal reflex in pentobarbital coma. ( Andrefsky, JC; Chyatte, D; Frank, JI, 1999) |
| "Three children with refractory status epilepticus, unresponsive to intravenous administration of diazepam, phenytoin, and lidocaine, received pentobarbital therapy and were monitored by electroencephalography (EEG)." | 3.69 | Pentobarbital therapy for status epilepticus in children: timing of tapering. ( Hanaoka, S; Iwasaki, Y; Kinoshita, H; Nakagawa, E; Sugai, K, 1995) |
| "Pentobarbital is standard treatment for refractory status epilepticus (SE) and is almost uniformly effective, but the morbidity of treatment and the mortality of refractory SE are high." | 3.69 | Relapse and survival after barbiturate anesthetic treatment of refractory status epilepticus. ( Drislane, FW; Krishnamurthy, KB, 1996) |
| "Rat brains (n = 17) with flurothyl-induced status epilepticus (SE) have been imaged with a gradient-echo diffusion-weighted imaging sequence at 2." | 3.69 | Barbiturate-reversible reduction of water diffusion coefficient in flurothyl-induced status epilepticus in rats. ( Gore, JC; Petroff, OA; Prichard, JW; Zhong, J, 1995) |
| "Pentobarbital coma (PBC) is a treatment for patients with refractory status epilepticus, but there are currently few guidelines for choosing when to initiate or continue this therapy." | 3.68 | Prognostic factors of pentobarbital therapy for refractory generalized status epilepticus. ( Lowenstein, DH; Yaffe, K, 1993) |
| " Ten EEGs from 10 patients with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE-BS) and 21 records from 8 patients with pentobarbital induced burst-suppression for treatment of status epilepticus (SE-BS) were reviewed." | 3.68 | Variance of interburst intervals in burst suppression. ( Beydoun, A; Drury, I; Yen, CE, 1991) |
| "Tonic-clinic status epilepticus, which is refractory to phenobarbital, phenytoin, and diazepam, may respond readily to a continuous infusion of pentobarbital." | 3.66 | Pentobarbital in refractory status epilepticus. ( Hawkes, D; Ropper, AH; Woods, M; Yohn, P; Young, RS, 1983) |
| " Following a retrospective review of eight patients treated with a variety of barbiturates and dosing regimens, we established a specific protocol employing pentobarbital and evaluated it prospectively in six patients." | 2.66 | Barbiturate anesthesia in the treatment of status epilepticus: clinical experience with 14 patients. ( Aminoff, MJ; Lowenstein, DH; Simon, RP, 1988) |
| "When midazolam has failed to control RSE, the evidence points to barbiturate anesthesia as the next frequently used option." | 2.50 | Continuous infusion, general anesthesia and other intensive care treatment for uncontrolled status epilepticus. ( Tasker, RC; Vitali, SH, 2014) |
| "Midazolam use was effective and well tolerated, affirming its value in pediatric RSE management." | 2.40 | Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus. ( Holmes, GL; Riviello, JJ, 1999) |
| "Diazepam was significantly less efficacious than other treatments (P = ." | 2.40 | Efficacy and mortality in treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children: a meta-analysis. ( Gartside, PS; Gilbert, DL; Glauser, TA, 1999) |
| "Acute treatment of breakthrough seizures and clusters of seizures at home with rectal BZDs (usually DZP, 0." | 2.39 | Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment. ( Mitchell, WG, 1996) |
| "To investigate pentobarbital PK in SE and sTBI patients admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with population-based PK (PopPK) modelling and dosing simulations." | 1.91 | A Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pentobarbital for Children with Status Epilepticus and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. ( de Hoog, M; de Vries, JMP; de Winter, BCM; Ketharanathan, N; Koch, BCP; Lili, A; Wildschut, ED, 2023) |
| "Better treatment of status epilepticus (SE), which typically becomes refractory after about 30 min, will require new pharmacotherapies." | 1.39 | A comparative electrographic analysis of the effect of sec-butyl-propylacetamide on pharmacoresistant status epilepticus. ( Bialer, M; Dudek, FE; Hen, N; Kaufmann, D; Nelson, C; Pouliot, W; Ricks, K; Roach, B; Shekh-Ahmad, T; Yagen, B, 2013) |
| "Pentobarbital was chosen later in the therapy for all ages." | 1.39 | Treatment of status epilepticus: an international survey of experts. ( Alldredge, B; Bell, R; Bleck, TP; Brophy, GM; Claassen, J; Glauser, T; LaRoche, SM; Riviello, JJ; Shutter, L; Sperling, MR; Treiman, DM; Vespa, PM, 2013) |
| "Hypothermia decreased seizure burden during and after pediatric RSE and may prevent RSE relapse." | 1.39 | Hypothermia for pediatric refractory status epilepticus. ( Buttram, S; Guilliams, K; Miller, B; Pineda, J; Rosen, M; Shoykhet, M; Zempel, J, 2013) |
| "Status epilepticus was convulsive in 132 cases (92%)." | 1.38 | Third-line antiepileptic therapy and outcome in status epilepticus: the impact of vasopressor use and prolonged mechanical ventilation. ( Geocadin, RG; Goodwin, H; Kim, G; Kowalski, RG; Rees, RN; Werner, JK; Ziai, WC, 2012) |
| "Status epilepticus is a common neurological emergency in childhood and associated with significant morbidity and mortality." | 1.37 | Status epilepticus. ( Gulati, S; Lodha, R; Raj, D, 2011) |
| "Status epilepticus is common in infants and may have long-term consequences on the brain persisting into adulthood." | 1.36 | Harmful effect of kainic acid on brain ischemic damage is not related to duration of status epilepticus. ( Giorgi, FS; Hasson, H; Malhotra, S; Moshé, SL; Rosenbaum, DM, 2010) |
| "A seven-year-old child with generalized status epilepticus who was placed in a barbiturate coma was monitored with the bispectral index monitor in addition to the standard full channel electroencephalogram." | 1.32 | Use of an anesthesia cerebral monitor bispectral index to assess burst-suppression in pentobarbital coma. ( Gill, K; Horowitz, IN; Jaggi, P; Schwabe, MJ, 2003) |
| "Pentobarbital doses were titrated based on the raw EEG to attain a burst-suppression pattern with a goal of 3-5 bursts/minute." | 1.32 | Comparing the bispectral index and suppression ratio with burst suppression of the electroencephalogram during pentobarbital infusions in adult intensive care patients. ( Fraser, GL; Riker, RR; Wilkins, ML, 2003) |
| "The use of pharmacologic coma (PC) to treat status epilepticus (SE) is not always successful, and there are no guidelines for the duration of PC in an attempt to achieve seizure control." | 1.32 | Now we lay them down to sleep: ethical issues with the use of pharmacologic coma for adult status epilepticus. ( Bramstedt, KA; Morris, HH; Tanner, A, 2004) |
| " The potential for serious complications of pentobarbital therapy among neonates highlights the need for careful dosing in this age group." | 1.31 | Neurologic outcomes of pediatric epileptic patients with pentobarbital coma. ( Kim, JS; Kim, SJ; Lee, DY, 2001) |
| " To provide loading and maintenance dosing for patients with hepatic induction secondary to concurrent anticonvulsants." | 1.30 | Use of intravenous valproate in three pediatric patients with nonconvulsive or convulsive status epilepticus. ( Chicella, MF; Dalton, JT; Eades, SK; Hovinga, CA; Phelps, SJ; Rose, DF, 1999) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (10.45) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 17 (25.37) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 19 (28.36) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 18 (26.87) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (8.96) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Koh, S | 1 |
| Kim, TJ | 1 |
| Lim, TS | 1 |
| Lee, JS | 1 |
| Kim, BG | 1 |
| Park, SA | 1 |
| Huh, K | 1 |
| Choi, JY | 1 |
| Daniels, ZS | 1 |
| Srdanovic, N | 1 |
| Rychlik, K | 1 |
| Smith, C | 1 |
| Goldstein, J | 2 |
| George, AL | 1 |
| Luchette, M | 3 |
| LaRovere, K | 3 |
| Au, CC | 3 |
| Tasker, RC | 5 |
| Akhondi-Asl, A | 3 |
| Ketharanathan, N | 1 |
| Lili, A | 1 |
| de Vries, JMP | 1 |
| Wildschut, ED | 1 |
| de Hoog, M | 1 |
| Koch, BCP | 1 |
| de Winter, BCM | 1 |
| Houk, AK | 1 |
| Harmon, LA | 1 |
| Husari, KS | 1 |
| Ritzl, EK | 1 |
| Keros, S | 1 |
| Buraniqi, E | 1 |
| Alex, B | 1 |
| Antonetty, A | 1 |
| Fialho, H | 1 |
| Hafeez, B | 1 |
| Jackson, MC | 2 |
| Jawahar, R | 1 |
| Kjelleren, S | 1 |
| Stewart, E | 1 |
| Morgan, LA | 1 |
| Wainwright, MS | 2 |
| Sogawa, Y | 1 |
| Patel, AD | 1 |
| Loddenkemper, T | 2 |
| Grinspan, ZM | 1 |
| Golden, TR | 1 |
| Solnicky, V | 1 |
| Wadeea, R | 1 |
| Ghazala, S | 1 |
| Erklauer, J | 1 |
| Graf, J | 1 |
| McPherson, M | 1 |
| Anderson, A | 1 |
| Wilfong, A | 1 |
| Minard, CG | 1 |
| Loftis, L | 1 |
| Guilliams, K | 1 |
| Rosen, M | 1 |
| Buttram, S | 1 |
| Zempel, J | 1 |
| Pineda, J | 1 |
| Miller, B | 1 |
| Shoykhet, M | 1 |
| Pugin, D | 1 |
| Foreman, B | 1 |
| De Marchis, GM | 1 |
| Fernandez, A | 1 |
| Schmidt, JM | 1 |
| Czeisler, BM | 1 |
| Mayer, SA | 2 |
| Agarwal, S | 1 |
| Lesch, C | 1 |
| Lantigua, H | 1 |
| Claassen, J | 3 |
| Vitali, SH | 1 |
| Arbour, RB | 1 |
| Dissin, J | 1 |
| Goodkin, HP | 1 |
| Sánchez Fernández, I | 1 |
| Chapman, KE | 1 |
| Abend, NS | 1 |
| Arya, R | 1 |
| Brenton, JN | 1 |
| Carpenter, JL | 1 |
| Gaillard, WD | 1 |
| Glauser, TA | 2 |
| Helseth, AR | 1 |
| Kapur, K | 1 |
| Mikati, MA | 1 |
| Peariso, K | 1 |
| Wilfong, AA | 1 |
| Williams, K | 1 |
| Miller, MA | 1 |
| Forni, A | 1 |
| Yogaratnam, D | 1 |
| Scharfman, HE | 1 |
| Malthankar-Phatak, GH | 1 |
| Friedman, D | 1 |
| Pearce, P | 1 |
| McCloskey, DP | 1 |
| Harden, CL | 1 |
| Maclusky, NJ | 1 |
| Long, JJ | 1 |
| Shen, B | 1 |
| Luo, T | 1 |
| Stewart, L | 1 |
| McMurran, TJ | 1 |
| Leung, LS | 1 |
| Hasson, H | 2 |
| Malhotra, S | 1 |
| Giorgi, FS | 1 |
| Rosenbaum, DM | 1 |
| Moshé, SL | 3 |
| Coppola, A | 1 |
| Fernández-Torre, JL | 1 |
| Kikuchi, K | 1 |
| Hamano, S | 1 |
| Koichihara, R | 1 |
| Oritsu, T | 1 |
| Tanaka, M | 1 |
| Minamitani, M | 1 |
| Ida, H | 1 |
| Raj, D | 1 |
| Gulati, S | 1 |
| Lodha, R | 1 |
| Al-Khamees, WA | 1 |
| Schwartz, MD | 1 |
| Alrashdi, S | 1 |
| Algren, AD | 1 |
| Morgan, BW | 1 |
| Barberio, M | 1 |
| Reiter, PD | 1 |
| Kaufman, J | 1 |
| Knupp, K | 1 |
| Dobyns, EL | 1 |
| Kowalski, RG | 1 |
| Ziai, WC | 1 |
| Rees, RN | 1 |
| Werner, JK | 1 |
| Kim, G | 1 |
| Goodwin, H | 1 |
| Geocadin, RG | 1 |
| Carran, M | 1 |
| Burakgazi, E | 1 |
| Riviello, JJ | 3 |
| LaRoche, SM | 1 |
| Sperling, MR | 1 |
| Alldredge, B | 1 |
| Bleck, TP | 1 |
| Glauser, T | 1 |
| Shutter, L | 1 |
| Treiman, DM | 1 |
| Vespa, PM | 1 |
| Bell, R | 1 |
| Brophy, GM | 1 |
| Pouliot, W | 1 |
| Bialer, M | 1 |
| Hen, N | 1 |
| Shekh-Ahmad, T | 1 |
| Kaufmann, D | 1 |
| Yagen, B | 1 |
| Ricks, K | 1 |
| Roach, B | 1 |
| Nelson, C | 1 |
| Dudek, FE | 1 |
| Tsuji, S | 1 |
| Akamatsu, N | 1 |
| Cullen, C | 1 |
| Jaggi, P | 1 |
| Schwabe, MJ | 1 |
| Gill, K | 1 |
| Horowitz, IN | 1 |
| Riker, RR | 1 |
| Fraser, GL | 1 |
| Wilkins, ML | 1 |
| Bramstedt, KA | 1 |
| Morris, HH | 1 |
| Tanner, A | 1 |
| Beydoun, A | 2 |
| Vanderzant, C | 1 |
| Kutluay, E | 1 |
| Drury, I | 2 |
| Sethi, NK | 1 |
| Torgovnick, J | 1 |
| Sethi, PK | 1 |
| Kälviäinen, R | 1 |
| Kim, M | 1 |
| Ji, T | 1 |
| Zubkov, AY | 1 |
| Wijdicks, EF | 1 |
| Manno, EM | 1 |
| Rabinstein, AA | 1 |
| Kotagal, S | 1 |
| Young, RS | 1 |
| Ropper, AH | 1 |
| Hawkes, D | 1 |
| Woods, M | 1 |
| Yohn, P | 1 |
| Airey, IL | 1 |
| Smith, PA | 1 |
| Stoddart, JC | 1 |
| Young, GB | 1 |
| Blume, WT | 1 |
| Bolton, CF | 1 |
| Warren, KG | 1 |
| Zhong, J | 1 |
| Petroff, OA | 1 |
| Prichard, JW | 1 |
| Gore, JC | 1 |
| Lemos, T | 2 |
| Cavalheiro, EA | 2 |
| Mirski, MA | 1 |
| Williams, MA | 1 |
| Hanley, DF | 1 |
| Kelly, ME | 1 |
| McIntyre, DC | 1 |
| Crawford, TO | 1 |
| Mitchell, WG | 2 |
| Snodgrass, RS | 1 |
| Yaffe, K | 1 |
| Lowenstein, DH | 2 |
| Kinoshita, H | 1 |
| Nakagawa, E | 1 |
| Iwasaki, Y | 1 |
| Hanaoka, S | 2 |
| Sugai, K | 2 |
| Krishnamurthy, KB | 2 |
| Drislane, FW | 2 |
| George, B | 1 |
| Kulkarni, SK | 1 |
| Andrefsky, JC | 1 |
| Frank, JI | 1 |
| Chyatte, D | 1 |
| Holmes, GL | 2 |
| Hovinga, CA | 1 |
| Chicella, MF | 1 |
| Rose, DF | 1 |
| Eades, SK | 1 |
| Dalton, JT | 1 |
| Phelps, SJ | 1 |
| Gilbert, DL | 1 |
| Gartside, PS | 1 |
| Biagini, G | 1 |
| Avoli, M | 1 |
| Marcinkiewicz, J | 1 |
| Marcinkiewicz, M | 1 |
| Kim, SJ | 1 |
| Lee, DY | 1 |
| Kim, JS | 1 |
| Sudoh, A | 1 |
| Miyamoto, T | 1 |
| Mimaki, M | 1 |
| Fukumizu, M | 1 |
| Sasaki, M | 1 |
| Sahin, M | 1 |
| Menache, CC | 1 |
| Hirsch, LJ | 1 |
| Emerson, RG | 1 |
| Yen, CE | 1 |
| Lacey, DJ | 1 |
| Aminoff, MJ | 1 |
| Simon, RP | 1 |
| Fischer, JH | 1 |
| Raineri, DL | 1 |
| Rashkin, MC | 1 |
| Youngs, C | 1 |
| Penovich, P | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Narcotrend Depth of Anaesthesia Monitor as an Indicator of Seizures and Burst Suppression in the Intensive Care Unit[NCT06067750] | 106 participants (Anticipated) | Observational | 2023-06-27 | Recruiting | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
8 reviews available for pentobarbital and Status Epilepticus
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Continuous infusion, general anesthesia and other intensive care treatment for uncontrolled status epilepticus.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anticonvulsants; Child; Critical Care; Die | 2014 |
Why is the developing brain more susceptible to status epilepticus?
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Male; Pentobarbi | 2009 |
[Treatment of status epilepticus].
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Humans; Ma | 2001 |
Status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in children, adolescents, and young adults: etiology, outcome, and treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Central Nervous System Disea | 1996 |
Midazolam and pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Protocols; Female; Humans; Infant; In | 1999 |
Efficacy and mortality in treatment of refractory generalized convulsive status epilepticus in children: a meta-analysis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant; Isoflurane; | 1999 |
Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; GABA Modulators; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Propofol; Status Epilepticus | 2002 |
Status epilepticus in children and adults.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Diazepam; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; | 1988 |
1 trial available for pentobarbital and Status Epilepticus
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Barbiturate anesthesia in the treatment of status epilepticus: clinical experience with 14 patients.
Topics: Anesthesia; Cardiovascular System; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Nervous | 1988 |
58 other studies available for pentobarbital and Status Epilepticus
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pentobarbital coma therapy for super-refractory status epilepticus and in-hospital mortality: an observational study.
Topics: Coma; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Pentobarbital; Retrospective Studies; Sepsis; Status Epilepticus | 2021 |
High-Dose Midazolam for Pediatric Refractory Status Epilepticus: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Retrospective Studies; Status | 2022 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Optimized Midazolam and Pentobarbital Dosing Used in Treatment Protocols of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Clinical Protocols; Humans; Midazolam; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 2023 |
A Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Pentobarbital for Children with Status Epilepticus and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Child; Creatinine; Critical Illness; Humans; Infan | 2023 |
Abdominal Compartment Syndrome: A Rare Complication of Pentobarbital Treatment for New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Humans; Ileus; Intestine, Small; Intra-Abdominal Hypertension; Male; Pentobarbital; | 2020 |
Anesthesia-Associated Periodic Discharges.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Electroencephalography; Humans; Patient Discharge; Pentobarbital; Retrospec | 2022 |
Increasing Ketamine Use for Refractory Status Epilepticus in US Pediatric Hospitals.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Infant; | 2017 |
Pentobarbital-induced lactic acidosis following status epilepticus barbiturate coma.
Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Aged; Coma; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Male; Pentobarbital; Status Epileptic | 2018 |
Outcomes in Children Treated with Pentobarbital Infusion for Refractory and Super-Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Female; Follow-Up Studies; GABA Modula | 2018 |
Hypothermia for pediatric refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypothermia, Induced; Infant; Male; Pento | 2013 |
Is pentobarbital safe and efficacious in the treatment of super-refractory status epilepticus: a cohort study.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cohort Studies; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Infusions, Intrave | 2014 |
Predictive value of the bispectral index for burst suppression on diagnostic electroencephalogram during drug-induced coma.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Cerebral Cortex; Cohort Studies; Consciousness Monitors; Deep Se | 2015 |
Refractory Status Epilepticus in Children: Intention to Treat With Continuous Infusions of Midazolam and Pentobarbital.
Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Inf | 2016 |
Propylene glycol-induced lactic acidosis in a patient receiving continuous infusion pentobarbital.
Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infusions, Intravenous; Middle Aged; Pent | 2008 |
A rat model of epilepsy in women: a tool to study physiological interactions between endocrine systems and seizures.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Estrous Cycle; Female; Pentobarbital; Pi | 2009 |
Pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy shows enhanced response to general anesthetics.
Topics: Anesthetics, General; Animals; Brain; Consciousness Disorders; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; | 2009 |
Harmful effect of kainic acid on brain ischemic damage is not related to duration of status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Kainic Acid; Ma | 2010 |
Prognostic utility of duration in refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Combined Modality Therapy; Deep Sedation; Electroen | 2010 |
[Efficacy and safety of intravenous phenobarbital for status epilepticus and frequent seizures in children].
Topics: Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Pentobarbital; | 2010 |
Status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepines; Child; Clinical Protocols; Fructose; GABA Modulators; Humans; Keta | 2011 |
Status epilepticus associated with borage oil ingestion.
Topics: Acyclovir; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Borago; Diethylcarbamazine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; ga | 2011 |
Continuous infusion pentobarbital for refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Electroencephalography; Female; H | 2012 |
Third-line antiepileptic therapy and outcome in status epilepticus: the impact of vasopressor use and prolonged mechanical ventilation.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anticonvulsants; APACHE; Confidence Intervals; Criti | 2012 |
Too much, too little, too late: treating status epilepticus without coma induction?
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Female; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Male; Pentobarbital; Respiration, Artificial; S | 2012 |
Treatment of status epilepticus: an international survey of experts.
Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Consensus; Expert Testimony; Humans; Hyp | 2013 |
A comparative electrographic analysis of the effect of sec-butyl-propylacetamide on pharmacoresistant status epilepticus.
Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Elect | 2013 |
Control of status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus; United Kingdom; Veterinary Drug | 2003 |
Use of an anesthesia cerebral monitor bispectral index to assess burst-suppression in pentobarbital coma.
Topics: Anesthesia; Child; Coma; Electroencephalography; Humans; Male; Monitoring, Physiologic; Pentobarbita | 2003 |
Comparing the bispectral index and suppression ratio with burst suppression of the electroencephalogram during pentobarbital infusions in adult intensive care patients.
Topics: Adult; Cohort Studies; Electroencephalography; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Inpatients; Intensive | 2003 |
Now we lay them down to sleep: ethical issues with the use of pharmacologic coma for adult status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Edema; Coma; Drug Therapy; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Hypno | 2004 |
Full neurologic recovery after fulminant thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with status epilepticus.
Topics: Aged; Electroencephalography; Female; GABA Modulators; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Pentobarbital | 2004 |
Chest percussion artifact.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anticonvulsants; Artifacts; Cerebral Cortex; Child, Preschool; Diagnostic Errors; | 2007 |
Status epilepticus treatment guidelines.
Topics: Age Factors; Benzodiazepines; Child; Clinical Protocols; Emergency Medical Services; Guideline Adher | 2007 |
Effective treatments of prolonged status epilepticus in developing rats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Diazepam; Disease Models, | 2008 |
Massive tongue swelling in refractory status epilepticus treated with high-dose pentobarbital.
Topics: Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glossitis; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Pentoba | 2009 |
Pentobarbital in refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Child; Drug Resistance; Electroencephalography; Encephalitis; Female; Humans; Infant; Pentobarbital; | 1983 |
Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid barbiturate levels during prolonged continuous thiopentone infusion.
Topics: Adult; Drowning; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Male; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus; Thiopental | 1982 |
Anesthetic barbiturates in refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Humans; Injections, Intr | 1980 |
Barbiturate-reversible reduction of water diffusion coefficient in flurothyl-induced status epilepticus in rats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Body Water; Brain; Diffusion; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencepha | 1995 |
Suppression of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus and the late development of epilepsy in rats.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Hippocampus; Histocytochemistr | 1995 |
Prolonged pentobarbital and phenobarbital coma for refractory generalized status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Coma; Electrocardiography; Humans; Male; Pentobarbital; Phenobarbital; Status Epilepticu | 1995 |
Hippocampal kindling protects several structures from the neuronal damage resulting from kainic acid-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Kainic Acid; Kindling, Neurol | 1994 |
Pentobarbital for status.
Topics: Child; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 1994 |
Prognostic factors of pentobarbital therapy for refractory generalized status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Coma; Electroencephalography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Pentobarbital; P | 1993 |
Pentobarbital therapy for status epilepticus in children: timing of tapering.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Sche | 1995 |
Relapse and survival after barbiturate anesthetic treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adult; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Electroencephalography; Humans; Hypotension; Infusions, Intravenous | 1996 |
Protective effects of GABAergic drugs and other anticonvulsants in lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Baclofen; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Dizocilpine Maleate; Ethanol; GABA Agents; | 1996 |
Status epilepticus and the late development of spontaneous seizures in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Mapping; Cerebral Cortex; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy | 1996 |
The ciliospinal reflex in pentobarbital coma.
Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Brain Edema; Coma; Electroencephalography; GABA Modulators; Heart Rate; Human | 1999 |
Depth of EEG suppression and outcome in barbiturate anesthetic treatment for refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adult; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Barbiturates; Brain; Electroenc | 1999 |
Use of intravenous valproate in three pediatric patients with nonconvulsive or convulsive status epilepticus.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Enzyme In | 1999 |
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor superinduction parallels anti-epileptic--neuroprotective treatment in the pilocarpine epilepsy model.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Diazepam; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; Male; | 2001 |
Neurologic outcomes of pediatric epileptic patients with pentobarbital coma.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Coma; Female; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pen | 2001 |
[Non-intravenous high-dose phenobarbital therapy for status epilepticus refractory to continuous infusion of midazolam or pentobarbital: report of three cases].
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Infant; Infusions, | 2002 |
Outcome of severe refractory status epilepticus in children.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Child; Child, Preschool; | 2001 |
Variance of interburst intervals in burst suppression.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Brain; Brain Ischemia; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Fem | 1991 |
Pentobarbital anesthesia for status epilepticus.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Humans; Pentobarbital; Status Epilepticus | 1987 |
Pentobarbital treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anticonvulsants; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, Combinat | 1987 |