pentobarbital has been researched along with Apnea in 22 studies
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236)
pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.
Apnea: A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Time to achieve recumbency, LORR, quiescent electromyograph, isoelectric electrocorticograph, heart rate and apnea were recorded." | 3.83 | Assessment of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen, Isoflurane and Pentobarbital Killing Methods in Adult Female Sprague-Dawley Rats. ( Chisholm, JM; Pang, DS, 2016) |
| " However, activation of a discrete region of the MM at the level of the caudal pole of the facial nucleus (CP7) consistently caused a dramatic reduction in phrenic nerve amplitude and/or frequency and, in six rats, produced a prolonged apnea." | 3.72 | A mapping study of cardiorespiratory responses to chemical stimulation of the midline medulla oblongata in ventilated and freely breathing rats. ( Goodchild, AK; Pilowsky, PM; Verner, TA, 2004) |
| "We recently showed that the glottis is actively closed throughout post-hyperventilation, hypocapnic central apnea in lambs." | 3.69 | Prolonged active glottic closure after barbiturate-induced respiratory arrest in lambs. ( Dalle, D; Diaz, V; Kianicka, I; Leroux, JF; Praud, JP, 1996) |
| " The response to bolus injection of PDG into the right atrium was qualitatively similar to the one seen in cats under anesthesia, consisting of bradycardia and apnea followed by rapid shallow breathing (RSB)." | 3.67 | The respiratory response to stimulation of juxta-pulmonary capillary receptors in the non-anesthetized cat. ( Ginzel, KH; Lucas, EA, 1985) |
| " In PS, loss of PCA and CT's inspiratory activity during rhythmic D activity may contribute to obstructive apnea; PCA and CT co-activation with D arrest characterizes central type apnea." | 3.66 | Respiratory EMG activity of the posterior cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid and diaphragm muscles during sleep. ( Megirian, D; Sherrey, JH, 1980) |
| " We stimulated the entire reflex pathway by producing apnea or hypoventilation, the sensory pathway by electrically stimulating the proximal end of cut superior laryngeal nerves, and the motor pathway by stimulating the distal end of a cut cervical vagus nerve." | 3.66 | Selective effect of general anesthetics on reflex bronchoconstrictor responses in dogs. ( Fabbri, LM; Graf, PD; Hahn, HL; Holtzman, MJ; Nadel, JA; Sasaki, K; Skoogh, BE, 1982) |
| " Apnea followed by rapid shallow breathing was observed in most animals." | 3.66 | Cardiovascular and respiratory responses to right atrial injections of phenyl diguanide in pentobarbital-anesthetized newborn piglets. ( Gootman, N; Gootman, PM; Schleman, M, 1979) |
| " All groups developed apnea at different PB levels." | 3.66 | Pentobarbital-induced apneusis in intact, vagotomized, and pneumotaxic-lesioned cats. ( Peiss, CN; Webber, CL, 1979) |
| " In three cats, at PACO2 levels below 30 mmHg, aortic obstruction resulted in brief periods of apnea." | 3.65 | Control of depth and frequency of breathing during baroreceptor stimulation in cats. ( Derenne, JP; Grunstein, MM; Milic-Emili, J, 1975) |
| "10) led to depression of both respiratory frequency and tidal volume, resulting in apnea within 1." | 3.65 | Hypoxia-induced tachypnea in carotid-deafferented cats. ( Miller, MJ; Tenney, SM, 1975) |
| " Three minutes after pretreatment, group 1 (n = 11), group 3 (n = 10), and their respective control groups (n = 11 and n = 9) received intravenous bupivacaine LD50 (median lethal dose)." | 1.28 | Nimodipine reduces the toxicity of intravenous bupivacaine in rats. ( Horn, JL; Hyman, SA; Kambam, JR; Kinney, WW; Skelley, CC, 1992) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 14 (63.64) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 4 (18.18) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 2 (9.09) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 1 (4.55) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (4.55) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Shoemaker, A | 1 |
| Steelman, K | 1 |
| Srbu, R | 1 |
| Bell, HJ | 1 |
| Chisholm, JM | 1 |
| Pang, DS | 1 |
| BRUMLIK, J | 1 |
| MIER, M | 1 |
| PETROVICK, M | 1 |
| JENSEN, HP | 1 |
| Hussain, AS | 1 |
| Siddiqui, MS | 1 |
| Hamdard, F | 1 |
| Mayhew, JF | 1 |
| Verner, TA | 1 |
| Goodchild, AK | 1 |
| Pilowsky, PM | 1 |
| Sherrey, JH | 1 |
| Megirian, D | 1 |
| Holtzman, MJ | 1 |
| Hahn, HL | 1 |
| Sasaki, K | 1 |
| Skoogh, BE | 1 |
| Graf, PD | 2 |
| Fabbri, LM | 1 |
| Nadel, JA | 2 |
| Praud, JP | 1 |
| Kianicka, I | 1 |
| Diaz, V | 1 |
| Leroux, JF | 1 |
| Dalle, D | 1 |
| Grunstein, MM | 1 |
| Derenne, JP | 1 |
| Milic-Emili, J | 1 |
| Schleman, M | 1 |
| Gootman, N | 1 |
| Gootman, PM | 1 |
| Webber, CL | 1 |
| Peiss, CN | 1 |
| Miller, MJ | 1 |
| Tenney, SM | 1 |
| Hyman, SA | 1 |
| Kinney, WW | 2 |
| Horn, JL | 1 |
| Skelley, CC | 1 |
| Kambam, JR | 2 |
| Jacobi, MS | 1 |
| Gershan, WM | 1 |
| Thach, BT | 1 |
| Matsuda, F | 1 |
| Wright, W | 1 |
| Tatár, M | 1 |
| Korpás, J | 1 |
| Polácek, H | 1 |
| Záhradný, V | 1 |
| Ginzel, KH | 1 |
| Lucas, EA | 1 |
| Chopdar, A | 1 |
| Coates, AL | 1 |
| Hogg, JC | 1 |
| Thurlbeck, WM | 1 |
| Levy, W | 1 |
| Gillespie, JR | 1 |
| Phillipson, EA | 1 |
| Hickey, RF | 1 |
| Stemmer, EA | 1 |
| Crawford, DW | 1 |
| List, JW | 1 |
| Heber, RE | 1 |
| Connolly, JE | 1 |
22 other studies available for pentobarbital and Apnea
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Disparity in the effect of morphine on eupnea and gasping in anesthetized spontaneously breathing adult rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Apnea; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Hypox | 2020 |
Assessment of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Dioxide/Oxygen, Isoflurane and Pentobarbital Killing Methods in Adult Female Sprague-Dawley Rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Bradycardia; Carbon Dioxide; Electrocardiography; Electrocort | 2016 |
[EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON A FORM OF RESTING TREMOR IN THE EXTREMITIES OF HEALTHY DOGS].
Topics: Apnea; Dogs; Electrocardiography; Electroencephalography; Electromyography; Extremities; Heart Arres | 1964 |
Postoperative apnoea in an ex-premature infant: is it only related to clonidine?
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, Caudal; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Local; Apnea; Bupivacaine; Clonidi | 2003 |
A mapping study of cardiorespiratory responses to chemical stimulation of the midline medulla oblongata in ventilated and freely breathing rats.
Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Apnea; Bradycardia; Brain Mapping; Glutami | 2004 |
Respiratory EMG activity of the posterior cricoarytenoid, cricothyroid and diaphragm muscles during sleep.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Diaphragm; Electromyography; Laryngeal Muscles; Muscles; Pentobarbit | 1980 |
Selective effect of general anesthetics on reflex bronchoconstrictor responses in dogs.
Topics: Amobarbital; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics; Animals; Apnea; Bronchi; Chloralose; Dogs; Hypoventil | 1982 |
Prolonged active glottic closure after barbiturate-induced respiratory arrest in lambs.
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Apnea; Electrodes, Implanted; Electromyography; | 1996 |
Control of depth and frequency of breathing during baroreceptor stimulation in cats.
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Animals; Aorta; Apnea; Blood Pressure; Brachial Artery; Carbon Dioxide; Cats; Fem | 1975 |
Cardiovascular and respiratory responses to right atrial injections of phenyl diguanide in pentobarbital-anesthetized newborn piglets.
Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aorta; Apnea; Biguanides; Blood Pressure; Bradyca | 1979 |
Pentobarbital-induced apneusis in intact, vagotomized, and pneumotaxic-lesioned cats.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Cats; Computers; Denervation; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infusions, Parentera | 1979 |
Hypoxia-induced tachypnea in carotid-deafferented cats.
Topics: Anesthesia, Local; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Carotid Body; Carotid Sinus; Catecholamines; Cats | 1975 |
Nimodipine reduces the toxicity of intravenous bupivacaine in rats.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Body Weight; Bupivacaine; Cardiovascular System; Drug Interact | 1992 |
Effect of pentobarbital on spontaneous recovery from hypoxic apnoea in mice.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Body Temperature; Hypoxia; Kinetics; Mice; Pentobarbital; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; | 1991 |
Nicardipine reduces the cardio-respiratory toxicity of intravenously administered bupivacaine in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia, Conduction; Animals; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Bupivacaine; Hea | 1990 |
Changes induced by severe hypoxia in respiratory defence reflexes in anaesthetized cats.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Apnea; Cats; Cough; Female; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoxia; M | 1986 |
The respiratory response to stimulation of juxta-pulmonary capillary receptors in the non-anesthetized cat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Aorta; Apnea; Arousal; Biguanides; Capillaries; Cats; Dose-Response Relationshi | 1985 |
Sedation for cataract surgery. Comparison of Carbrital and neuroleptanalgesia.
Topics: Aged; Apnea; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benperidol; Butyrates; Cataract Extraction; Fentanyl; Humans; Hyp | 1970 |
Protection against barbiturate anaesthesia death in rabbits.
Topics: Anesthesia, General; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Male; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Pentobarbital; | 1974 |
Emergency ventilator for resuscitating apneic horses.
Topics: Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Apnea; Carbon Dioxide; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concen | 1972 |
Hering-Breuer inflation reflex and regulation of breathing in conscious dogs.
Topics: Animals; Apnea; Autonomic Nerve Block; Dogs; Halothane; Pentobarbital; Physical Exertion; Reflex; Re | 1971 |
Diaphragmatic pacing in the treatment of hypoventilation syndrome.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Animals; Apnea; Blood Gas Analysis; Carbon Dioxide; Diaphragm; Dogs; Electric | 1967 |