pentamidine and Pneumonia, Pneumocystis studies

Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.
pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.

Pneumonia, Pneumocystis: A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To evaluate combined prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and toxoplasmic encephalitis, 533 patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and/or CD4 lymphocyte counts of < 200/microL were randomized to receive dapsone/pyrimethamine (200/75 mg once weekly) or aerosolized pentamidine (300 mg every 4 weeks)."	9.08	Once-weekly administration of dapsone/pyrimethamine vs. aerosolized pentamidine as combined prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. ( Heald, A; Hirschel, B; Iten, A; Lazzarin, A; Oertle, D; Opravil, M; Pechère, M; Praz, G; Rüttimann, S; von Overbeck, J, 1995)
") 3 times per week, was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zidovudine (AZT)-treated asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3 at entry."	9.08	Safety and efficacy of thymopentin in zidovudine (AZT)-treated asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. ( Beall, G; Blick, G; Calabrese, LH; Conant, MA; Fisher, A; Galpin, JE; Goldstein, G; Grossman, HA; Hirsch, RL; Stampone, P, 1995)
"The frequent occurrence of bronchospasm due to aerosolized pentamidine (AP) may reduce delivery of drugs to distal airways and produce symptoms that limit therapy."	9.07	Prophylaxis of aerosolized pentamidine-induced bronchospasm: a symptom-based approach. ( Jensen, WA; Kagawa, FT; Kirsch, CM; McSharry, RJ, 1993)
"To ascertain the efficacy and toxicity of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine when either is given alone during the entire treatment period for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	9.06	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with pentamidine for treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective, noncrossover study. ( Cowan, R; Nielsen, DM; Ruskin, J; Sattler, FR, 1988)
"Forty patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and their first episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were assigned at random to receive either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isethionate."	9.06	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective randomized trial. ( Blumenfeld, W; Coleman, DL; Hadley, WK; Hopewell, PC; Ingram-Drake, L; Luce, JM; Volberding, PA; Wharton, JM; Wofsy, CB, 1986)
"Both co-trimoxazole and pentamidine are used for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and are known to cause hypoglycemia as an adverse drug reaction."	7.91	Consecutive hypoglycemia attacks induced by co-trimoxazole followed by pentamidine in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Asagiri, T; Nakamura, M; Okazaki, M; Takeuchi, S, 2019)
"Although TMP-SMX for PCP prophylaxis had to be discontinued in 43% of patients with connective tissue diseases, pentamidine and atovaquone were well tolerated."	7.91	Efficacies of atovaquone, pentamidine, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases. ( Asako, K; Kikuchi, H; Kitazawa, T; Kono, H; Ota, Y; Seo, K; Yoshino, Y, 2019)
" However, the impact of PCP prophylaxis on the incidence of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients using pentamidine or co-trimoxazole is still unknown."	7.70	[Incidence of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients treated with preventive co-trimoxazole or pentamidine]. ( Braun, J; Dalhoff, K; Friedrich, HJ; Kämmerer, R; Koch, A; Kothe, H, 1998)
"To report a case of an HIV-positive man who received sequential didanosine and pentamidine treatment and subsequently developed acute clinical pancreatitis."	7.69	Pancreatitis during intravenous pentamidine therapy in an AIDS patient with prior exposure to didanosine. ( Foisy, MM; Hewitt, RG; Morse, GD; Slayter, KL, 1994)
"To report a case of probable pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis."	7.69	Probable pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis. ( Aguar, MC; Aran, X; Broquetas, JM; Gea, JG; Pastó, M; Sauleda, J, 1994)
"There have been 15 published cases of probable pentamidine-induced torsade de pointes (TdP)."	7.69	Incidence of cardiac arrhythmias during intravenous pentamidine therapy in HIV-infected patients. ( Coyne, PE; Eisenhauer, MD; Eliasson, AH; Taylor, AJ; Wortham, DC, 1994)
"Pentamidine isethionate induced torsades de pointes in a 33-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia."	7.69	Torsades de pointes complicating pentamidine therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acute myelogenous leukemia. ( Harano, H; Kanamori, H; Matsuzaki, M; Mohri, H; Ochiai, H; Ogawa, K; Okubo, T; Otsuka, M; Sasaki, S; Sumita, S; Taguchi, J, 1997)
"The incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) was analyzed in 83 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who inhaled aerosolized pentamidine (AP) either for primary prophylaxis (group Ia) or secondary prophylaxis (group IIa) of PCP."	7.68	Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: a clinical approach comparing aerosolized pentamidine and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine. ( Gottschalk, J; Grünewald, T; Jautzke, G; Köppen, S; Pohle, HD; Ruf, B, 1992)
"An acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient who was treated with pentamidine for a pneumocystis infection developed hypoglycemia followed by diabetes mellitus."	7.68	Pancreatic pathology in pentamidine-induced diabetes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. ( Hauser, L; Sheehan, P; Simpkins, H, 1991)
"We report pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	7.68	Pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient with AIDS. ( Eliaszewicz, M; Frottier, J; Lacassin, F; Larrey, D; Meyohas, MC; Pauwels, A; Poirier, JM, 1990)
"Extensive acute necrotizing pancreatitis occurred in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had received both aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis and intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	7.68	Pathology of pentamidine-induced pancreatitis. ( Klatt, EC, 1992)
"In order to determine the possible effect of aerosolized pentamidine on the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in HIV-infected patients, differential counts of 22 consecutive patients who had been rebronchoscopied after 3-19 months were reviewed."	7.68	Pentamidine aerosol increases the number of alveolar macrophages in HIV-infected patients. ( Don, M; Eckert, G; Hilger, HH; Pothoff, G; Schell-Frederick, E; Wassermann, K, 1991)
"Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may predispose these patients to recurrent apical Pneumocystis infection."	7.68	Spontaneous pneumothorax in AIDS patients with recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Haggerty, MF; Luyckx, BA; Murphy, TF; Shanley, DJ, 1991)
"A 37-year-old black man with presumed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who was treated with systemic IV pentamidine had fatal pancreatitis and massive hepatomegaly."	7.68	Edematous pancreatitis associated with intravenous pentamidine. ( Hammer, RA; Rodriguez, FH; Villamil, A, 1991)
" Only 5 of 37 patients started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were able to complete treatment; in 29 patients drug toxicity occurred and in 19 treatment was changed due to adverse reactions that included rash, fever, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminase elevation."	7.67	Adverse reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Gordin, FM; Mills, J; Simon, GL; Wofsy, CB, 1984)
"A patient who developed Pneumocystis carinii hepatitis and choroiditis despite receiving prophylactic pentamidine therapy by aerosol is described."	7.67	Pneumocystis hepatitis and choroiditis despite successful aerosolized pentamidine pulmonary prophylaxis. ( Hagopian, WA; Huseby, JS, 1989)
"Two patients without risk factors or a prior history of pancreatitis developed acute pancreatitis soon after initiating pentamidine isethionate therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	7.67	Pentamidine-associated pancreatitis. ( Cappell, MS; Schwartz, MS, 1989)
"15 patients with first episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were treated with only aerosolised pentamidine, which they inhaled for 20 minutes every day for 21 days."	7.67	Aerosolised pentamidine as sole therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Brunette, EN; Corkery, KJ; Debs, RJ; Hopewell, PC; Lin, ET; Luce, JM; Montgomery, AB; Turner, J, 1987)
"In 1984, three patients died of severe hypoglycemia after receiving pentamidine isethionate to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia."	7.67	Risk factors for hypoglycemia associated with pentamidine therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia. ( Helmick, CG; Sattler, FR; Stehr-Green, JK; Waskin, H, 1988)
"All patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated for their first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at San Francisco General Hospital between 1 April 1985 and 15 July 1985 were evaluated for their response to treatment with dapsone (100 mg/day) by mouth for 21 days."	7.67	Dapsone treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Hopewell, PC; Hughes, WT; Leoung, G; Medina, I; Mills, J; Wofsy, C, 1988)
"We conducted an analysis of 37 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who received pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia to quantitate the incidence and severity of pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia."	7.67	Pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. ( Kalman, CM; Laskin, OL; Stahl-Bayliss, CM, 1986)
"Severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis developed in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) during pentamidine isethionate treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	7.67	Pentamidine-associated fatal acute pancreatitis. ( el-Sadr, W; Rahal, JJ; Simberkoff, MS; Wolf, BZ; Zuger, A, 1986)
"A 31-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and biopsy-proved Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed acute renal failure, elevated creatinine kinase levels, and myoglobin in both serum and urine while being treated with pentamidine."	7.67	Pentamidine treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Association with acute renal failure and myoglobinuria. ( Johnson, ES; Perez, G; Sensakovic, JW; Smith, LG; Suarez, M, 1985)
"Four patients, treated with pentamidine because of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, displayed severe fasting hypoglycemia during this treatment."	7.66	Diabetes mellitus following pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in humans. ( Assan, R; Bouchard, P; Caubarrère, I; Ganeval, D; Reach, G; Sai, P, 1982)
"Two patients receiving pentamidine isethionate for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii experienced acute pancreatitis temporally related to pentamidine therapy."	7.66	Acute pancreatitis associated with pentamidine therapy. ( Josephs, AS; Murphey, SA, 1981)
"Treatment with either pentamidine isethionate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole significantly reduces the mortality of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	7.66	Combination of pentamidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats. ( Kluge, RM; Spain, AJ; Spaulding, DM, 1978)
"Dapsone was more effective in the primary prophylaxis of toxoplasmic encephalitis, with six toxoplasmic encephalitis events occurring among those receiving aerosolized pentamidine, compared to none among those taking dapsone (p = 0."	6.67	Randomized trial of dapsone and aerosolized pentamidine for the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis. ( Barr, M; Carlo, C; Chanin, E; Gregory, G; Kiely, S; Martin, M; Thorn, M; Thornton, J; Torres, RA, 1993)
"In patients with AIDS, oral therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and with trimethoprim-dapsone are equally effective for mild-to-moderate first episodes of P."	6.67	Oral therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus trimethoprim-dapsone. ( Benowitz, N; Hopewell, PC; Lee, B; Leoung, G; Medina, I; Mills, J; Modin, G; Wofsy, CB, 1990)
"Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be infected with many opportunistic pathogens, the most common of which is Pneumocystis carinii."	6.38	Widespread dissemination of Pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome receiving long-term treatment with aerosolized pentamidine. ( Dembinski, AS; Goldsmith, JC; Smith, DM; Woods, GL, 1991)
"Treatment with pentamidine was stopped and emergent treatment was started."	5.30	[Acute myelogenous leukemia with hyperkalemia induced by pentamidine administration]. ( Hino, M; Kumura, T; Nakao, T; Ohta, K; Tatsumi, N; Yamane, T, 1998)
"In this prospective study, 26 AIDS patients with 32 episodes of PCP were treated with pentamidine (4 mg/kg/d)."	5.28	Higher pentamidine levels in AIDS patients with hypoglycemia and azotemia during treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Comtois, R; Gervais, A; Lemieux, C; Pouliot, J; Vinet, B, 1992)
"Pentamidine has been recognised for its potential to cause symptomatic, and even life-threatening hypoglycaemia."	5.28	Diabetes mellitus presenting with ketoacidosis following pentamidine therapy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Herchline, TE; Para, MF; Plouffe, JF, 1991)
"We report the development of acute pancreatitis and permanent diabetes mellitus in an AIDS patient treated with intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis pneumonia."	5.28	Survival from pentamidine induced pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus. ( Hogan, P; Wetzig, N; Whitby, M; Wood, G, 1991)
" The dysglycaemic patients (hypo- and hyper-glycaemic) had a higher pentamidine dosage (p less than 0."	5.28	Hypoglycaemia and diabetes mellitus following parenteral pentamidine mesylate treatment in AIDS patients. ( Assan, D; Assan, R; Bricaire, F; Leport, C; Perronne, C; Vilde, JL, 1990)
"Spontaneous pneumothorax is a known complication of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	5.28	Spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. ( Newsome, GS; Pierce, PF; Ward, DJ, 1990)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	5.28	Pneumocystis carinii choroiditis after long-term aerosolized pentamidine therapy. ( Chong, LP; Dugel, PU; Forster, DJ; Frangieh, GT; Rao, NA; Sattler, F, 1990)
"Although pentamidine isethionate is effective in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, it frequently causes serious adverse reactions."	5.27	Recurrent ventricular tachycardia due to pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity. ( Bibler, MR; Chou, TC; Toltzis, RJ; Wade, PA, 1988)
"To evaluate combined prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and toxoplasmic encephalitis, 533 patients with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection and/or CD4 lymphocyte counts of < 200/microL were randomized to receive dapsone/pyrimethamine (200/75 mg once weekly) or aerosolized pentamidine (300 mg every 4 weeks)."	5.08	Once-weekly administration of dapsone/pyrimethamine vs. aerosolized pentamidine as combined prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. ( Heald, A; Hirschel, B; Iten, A; Lazzarin, A; Oertle, D; Opravil, M; Pechère, M; Praz, G; Rüttimann, S; von Overbeck, J, 1995)
") 3 times per week, was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of zidovudine (AZT)-treated asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3 at entry."	5.08	Safety and efficacy of thymopentin in zidovudine (AZT)-treated asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. ( Beall, G; Blick, G; Calabrese, LH; Conant, MA; Fisher, A; Galpin, JE; Goldstein, G; Grossman, HA; Hirsch, RL; Stampone, P, 1995)
"The frequent occurrence of bronchospasm due to aerosolized pentamidine (AP) may reduce delivery of drugs to distal airways and produce symptoms that limit therapy."	5.07	Prophylaxis of aerosolized pentamidine-induced bronchospasm: a symptom-based approach. ( Jensen, WA; Kagawa, FT; Kirsch, CM; McSharry, RJ, 1993)
"We conducted a randomized, double-blind trial to compare low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with ciprofloxacin for the prevention of urinary tract infections in renal transplant recipients."	5.07	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with ciprofloxacin for the prevention of urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. ( Auchincloss, H; Cosimi, AB; Delmonico, FL; Delvecchio, A; Doran, M; Hibberd, PL; Rubin, RH; Tolkoff-Rubin, NE, 1992)
"To assess the safety and efficacy of aerosol pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	5.07	Aerosol pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. A randomized, placebo-controlled study. ( Chan, CK; Falutz, JM; Fong, IW; Gervais, A; Hyland, RH; Lawson, LM; MacFadden, D; Montaner, JS; Rachlis, AR; Renzi, PM, 1991)
"To compare inhaled pentamidine with intravenous pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	5.06	Inhaled or intravenous pentamidine therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. A randomized trial. ( Meyer, RD; Mohsenifar, Z; Soo Hoo, GW, 1990)
" The rates (aerosolized compared with intravenous pentamidine) of initial failure, early recrudescence of symptoms, and relapse were 12% and 19% (difference, 7%; 99% confidence interval [CI], - 23% to 37%; P = 0."	5.06	Intravenous or inhaled pentamidine for treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. A randomized trial. ( Chernoff, D; Conte, JE; Feigal, DW; Golden, JA; Joseph, P; McDonald, C, 1990)
"To examine the efficacy and tolerance of pentamidine aerosol in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) relapse in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) being treated with zidovudine, 51 patients who had had an episode of PCP in the previous 5 months were enrolled in a randomised controlled study."	5.06	Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia relapse by pentamidine aerosol in zidovudine-treated AIDS patients. ( Camus, F; De Truchis, P; Farinotti, R; Gaudebout, C; Girard, PM; Landman, R; Lepretre, A; Lottin, P; Matheron, S; Michon, C, 1989)
"To ascertain the efficacy and toxicity of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine when either is given alone during the entire treatment period for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	5.06	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with pentamidine for treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective, noncrossover study. ( Cowan, R; Nielsen, DM; Ruskin, J; Sattler, FR, 1988)
"Forty patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and their first episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were assigned at random to receive either trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isethionate."	5.06	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective randomized trial. ( Blumenfeld, W; Coleman, DL; Hadley, WK; Hopewell, PC; Ingram-Drake, L; Luce, JM; Volberding, PA; Wharton, JM; Wofsy, CB, 1986)
"The combination of clindamycin plus primaquine appears to be the most effective alternative treatment for patients with P carinii pneumonia who are unresponsive to conventional antipneumocystis agents."	4.81	A meta-analysis of salvage therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Maloba, B; Nagar, S; Popara, M; Smego, RA, 2001)
" Well-controlled studies of aerosolized antibiotics in cystic fibrosis demonstrate that tobramycin on a cyclical basis may reduce sputum volume, bacterial counts, and improve pulmonary function."	4.80	Inhaled antimicrobial therapy. ( Faris, M; O'Riordan, T, 1999)
" For dapsone, among 100 patients given 100 mg daily instead of twice a week for 1 year (primary prophylaxis), seven fewer patients would develop P carinii pneumonia, but 17 more would have significant toxic reactions."	4.79	A meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of Pneumocystis carinii prophylactic regimens. ( Cappelleri, JC; Ioannidis, JP; Lau, J; Sacks, HS; Skolnik, PR, 1996)
"In a meta-analysis, we examined the efficacy of aerosolized pentamidine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and dapsone or dapsone/pyrimethamine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasma encephalitis in patients with HIV infection."	4.79	Meta-analysis of prophylactic treatments against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasma encephalitis in HIV-infected patients. ( Bucher, HC; Griffith, L; Guyatt, GH; Opravil, M, 1997)
"Pneumocystis carinii infection of the thyroid gland has previously been described in only four living patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, three of whom had been receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis against P carinii pneumonia."	4.78	Pneumocystis carinii thyroiditis. Report of three cases and review of the literature. ( Axline, SG; Greaves, TS; Guttler, R; McGill, JJ; Singer, PA, 1993)
"Pentamidine isethionate has been associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, including torsade de pointes."	4.78	Case report: pentamidine and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia revisited. ( Andriole, VT; Kocheril, AG; Mani, S, 1993)
" Cough-reduction measures should be taken when giving pentamidine aerosol, and patients who do cough should cover their mouths."	4.78	Control of tuberculosis during aerosol therapy administration. ( Chaisson, RE; McAvinue, S, 1991)
"Both co-trimoxazole and pentamidine are used for the treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and are known to cause hypoglycemia as an adverse drug reaction."	3.91	Consecutive hypoglycemia attacks induced by co-trimoxazole followed by pentamidine in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Asagiri, T; Nakamura, M; Okazaki, M; Takeuchi, S, 2019)
"Although TMP-SMX for PCP prophylaxis had to be discontinued in 43% of patients with connective tissue diseases, pentamidine and atovaquone were well tolerated."	3.91	Efficacies of atovaquone, pentamidine, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for the prevention of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases. ( Asako, K; Kikuchi, H; Kitazawa, T; Kono, H; Ota, Y; Seo, K; Yoshino, Y, 2019)
" The results show that the bis-2,2,2-trichloroethyl carbamates function effectively in a rat model for Pneumocystis pneumonia."	3.74	Carbamate prodrugs of N-alkylfuramidines. ( Boykin, DW; Hall, JE; Jones, SK; Rahmathullah, SM; Tidwell, RR, 2008)
" However, the impact of PCP prophylaxis on the incidence of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients using pentamidine or co-trimoxazole is still unknown."	3.70	[Incidence of bacterial pneumonia in HIV-positive patients treated with preventive co-trimoxazole or pentamidine]. ( Braun, J; Dalhoff, K; Friedrich, HJ; Kämmerer, R; Koch, A; Kothe, H, 1998)
"5, 5, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg of body weight), 4 mg of pentamidine isethionate per kg, 100 mg of sulfamethoxazole per kg combined with 20 mg of trimethoprim per kg (co-trimoxazole), or saline for 21 days."	3.69	Successful treatment of Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in mice with benanomicin A (ME1451). ( Kitada, K; Komuro, K; Kondo, S; Nakamura, Y; Oka, S; Shibahara, S; Shimada, K; Shimizu, H; Takeuchi, T; Yasuoka, A, 1995)
"To report a case of an HIV-positive man who received sequential didanosine and pentamidine treatment and subsequently developed acute clinical pancreatitis."	3.69	Pancreatitis during intravenous pentamidine therapy in an AIDS patient with prior exposure to didanosine. ( Foisy, MM; Hewitt, RG; Morse, GD; Slayter, KL, 1994)
"To report a case of probable pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis."	3.69	Probable pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis. ( Aguar, MC; Aran, X; Broquetas, JM; Gea, JG; Pastó, M; Sauleda, J, 1994)
"There have been 15 published cases of probable pentamidine-induced torsade de pointes (TdP)."	3.69	Incidence of cardiac arrhythmias during intravenous pentamidine therapy in HIV-infected patients. ( Coyne, PE; Eisenhauer, MD; Eliasson, AH; Taylor, AJ; Wortham, DC, 1994)
"Pentamidine isethionate induced torsades de pointes in a 33-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia."	3.69	Torsades de pointes complicating pentamidine therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acute myelogenous leukemia. ( Harano, H; Kanamori, H; Matsuzaki, M; Mohri, H; Ochiai, H; Ogawa, K; Okubo, T; Otsuka, M; Sasaki, S; Sumita, S; Taguchi, J, 1997)
"Clinical trials have shown that the prophylactic use of zidovudine and aerosolized pentamidine (or other antibiotics used as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-free human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons delays the development of AIDS, but the effectiveness of such therapy in general use in the population still remains largely undocumented."	3.68	Effect of routine use of therapy in slowing the clinical course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a population-based cohort. ( Clark, WS; Karon, JM; Longini, IM, 1993)
"From 1988 to 1991 the long-term efficacy of a combined therapy with a polyvalent immunoglobulin/cytomegalovirus (CMV) hyperimmunoglobulin, oral low dose zidovudine, oral cotrimoxazole or inhaled pentamidine was investigated in three groups of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children."	3.68	Combined therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children--a 4-year experience. ( Allendorf, A; Ehrenforth, S; Funk, M; Güngör, T; Hofmann, D; Kornhuber, B; Kreuz, W; Kynast, I; Linde, R; Lotz, C, 1993)
"To determine the relative distribution of Pneumocystis carinii in the lungs of patients with P carinii pneumonia and to see the effect of aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis on this distribution."	3.68	Increased Pneumocystis carinii recovery from the upper lobes in Pneumocystis pneumonia. The effect of aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Baughman, RP; Buchsbaum, JA; Dohn, MN; Frame, PT; Shipley, R, 1993)
"These results suggest that children probably require lower nebuliser pentamidine doses to produce lung pentamidine concentrations equivalent to those found to be effective for preventing P carinii pneumonia in adults using the Respirgard II nebuliser."	3.68	Lung deposition of nebulised pentamidine in children. ( Bateman, NT; Duggan, C; Gibb, D; Harrington, C; Nunan, TO; O'Doherty, MJ; Page, CJ; Thomas, SH, 1993)
"No patient in the trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole group and no patient seronegative for Toxoplasma gondii developed toxoplasmic encephalitis, compared with 12 of 36 (33%; 95% Cl, 19% to 51%) seropositive patients in the pentamidine group (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with pentamidine, P = 0."	3.68	Low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS. ( Brew, BJ; Carr, A; Cooper, DA; Harkness, JL; Marriott, DJ; Penny, R; Tindall, B, 1992)
"The incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) was analyzed in 83 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who inhaled aerosolized pentamidine (AP) either for primary prophylaxis (group Ia) or secondary prophylaxis (group IIa) of PCP."	3.68	Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients: a clinical approach comparing aerosolized pentamidine and pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine. ( Gottschalk, J; Grünewald, T; Jautzke, G; Köppen, S; Pohle, HD; Ruf, B, 1992)
"An acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient who was treated with pentamidine for a pneumocystis infection developed hypoglycemia followed by diabetes mellitus."	3.68	Pancreatic pathology in pentamidine-induced diabetes in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. ( Hauser, L; Sheehan, P; Simpkins, H, 1991)
"We report pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	3.68	Pentamidine-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient with AIDS. ( Eliaszewicz, M; Frottier, J; Lacassin, F; Larrey, D; Meyohas, MC; Pauwels, A; Poirier, JM, 1990)
"Extensive acute necrotizing pancreatitis occurred in three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had received both aerosolized pentamidine as prophylaxis and intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	3.68	Pathology of pentamidine-induced pancreatitis. ( Klatt, EC, 1992)
"In order to determine the possible effect of aerosolized pentamidine on the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in HIV-infected patients, differential counts of 22 consecutive patients who had been rebronchoscopied after 3-19 months were reviewed."	3.68	Pentamidine aerosol increases the number of alveolar macrophages in HIV-infected patients. ( Don, M; Eckert, G; Hilger, HH; Pothoff, G; Schell-Frederick, E; Wassermann, K, 1991)
"Recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is common in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who receive prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine."	3.68	Diagnostic approach to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the setting of prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. ( Catanzaro, A; Metersky, ML, 1991)
"Aerosolised pentamidine 300 mg in 5 or 6 ml solution was administered via 8 different nebuliser systems to 12 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	3.68	Which apparatus for inhaled pentamidine? A comparison of pulmonary deposition via eight nebulisers. ( Bateman, NT; Nunan, TO; O'Doherty, MJ; Page, CJ; Thomas, SH, 1991)
"Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may predispose these patients to recurrent apical Pneumocystis infection."	3.68	Spontaneous pneumothorax in AIDS patients with recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Haggerty, MF; Luyckx, BA; Murphy, TF; Shanley, DJ, 1991)
"A 37-year-old black man with presumed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who was treated with systemic IV pentamidine had fatal pancreatitis and massive hepatomegaly."	3.68	Edematous pancreatitis associated with intravenous pentamidine. ( Hammer, RA; Rodriguez, FH; Villamil, A, 1991)
"Two cases of focal recurrent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) associated with pneumothorax occurred in patients with AIDS who had received aerosolized pentamidine therapy."	3.68	Pneumothoraces and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in two AIDS patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine. ( Scannell, KA, 1990)
"We report four cases of acute reversible renal failure in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who received both amphotericin B (for systemic mycoses) and pentamidine isethionate (for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia)."	3.68	Acute, rapidly progressive renal failure with simultaneous use of amphotericin B and pentamidine. ( Antoniskis, D; Larsen, RA, 1990)
" Only 5 of 37 patients started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were able to complete treatment; in 29 patients drug toxicity occurred and in 19 treatment was changed due to adverse reactions that included rash, fever, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and transaminase elevation."	3.67	Adverse reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Gordin, FM; Mills, J; Simon, GL; Wofsy, CB, 1984)
"The efficacy and toxicity of pentamidine inhaled once a month to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was investigated in 102 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related complex (ARC)."	3.67	Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by inhaled pentamidine. ( Chernoff, D; Conte, JE; Feigal, D; Golden, JA; Hollander, H, 1989)
"The use of aerosolized pentamidine was investigated in ten patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who had previous or concurrent severe adverse reactions or contraindications to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or parenteral pentamidine."	3.67	Aerosolized pentamidine as second line therapy in patients with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Corkery, KJ; Debs, RJ; Hopewell, PC; Luce, JM; Montgomery, AB; Turner, J, 1989)
"A patient who developed Pneumocystis carinii hepatitis and choroiditis despite receiving prophylactic pentamidine therapy by aerosol is described."	3.67	Pneumocystis hepatitis and choroiditis despite successful aerosolized pentamidine pulmonary prophylaxis. ( Hagopian, WA; Huseby, JS, 1989)
"Two patients without risk factors or a prior history of pancreatitis developed acute pancreatitis soon after initiating pentamidine isethionate therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	3.67	Pentamidine-associated pancreatitis. ( Cappell, MS; Schwartz, MS, 1989)
"15 patients with first episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were treated with only aerosolised pentamidine, which they inhaled for 20 minutes every day for 21 days."	3.67	Aerosolised pentamidine as sole therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Brunette, EN; Corkery, KJ; Debs, RJ; Hopewell, PC; Lin, ET; Luce, JM; Montgomery, AB; Turner, J, 1987)
"A 44-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who suffered adverse effects from treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and was then treated with pentamidine isethionate is described, and approved and investigational drugs used in the management of PCP in the AIDS patient are discussed."	3.67	Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. ( Hauptman, SP; Wordell, CJ, 1988)
"In 1984, three patients died of severe hypoglycemia after receiving pentamidine isethionate to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia."	3.67	Risk factors for hypoglycemia associated with pentamidine therapy for Pneumocystis pneumonia. ( Helmick, CG; Sattler, FR; Stehr-Green, JK; Waskin, H, 1988)
"All patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated for their first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at San Francisco General Hospital between 1 April 1985 and 15 July 1985 were evaluated for their response to treatment with dapsone (100 mg/day) by mouth for 21 days."	3.67	Dapsone treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Hopewell, PC; Hughes, WT; Leoung, G; Medina, I; Mills, J; Wofsy, C, 1988)
"We conducted an analysis of 37 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who received pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia to quantitate the incidence and severity of pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia."	3.67	Pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. ( Kalman, CM; Laskin, OL; Stahl-Bayliss, CM, 1986)
"Severe hemorrhagic pancreatitis developed in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) during pentamidine isethionate treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	3.67	Pentamidine-associated fatal acute pancreatitis. ( el-Sadr, W; Rahal, JJ; Simberkoff, MS; Wolf, BZ; Zuger, A, 1986)
"A 31-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and biopsy-proved Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia developed acute renal failure, elevated creatinine kinase levels, and myoglobin in both serum and urine while being treated with pentamidine."	3.67	Pentamidine treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Association with acute renal failure and myoglobinuria. ( Johnson, ES; Perez, G; Sensakovic, JW; Smith, LG; Suarez, M, 1985)
"Four patients, treated with pentamidine because of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis, displayed severe fasting hypoglycemia during this treatment."	3.66	Diabetes mellitus following pentamidine-induced hypoglycemia in humans. ( Assan, R; Bouchard, P; Caubarrère, I; Ganeval, D; Reach, G; Sai, P, 1982)
"Two patients receiving pentamidine isethionate for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii experienced acute pancreatitis temporally related to pentamidine therapy."	3.66	Acute pancreatitis associated with pentamidine therapy. ( Josephs, AS; Murphey, SA, 1981)
"Treatment with either pentamidine isethionate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole significantly reduces the mortality of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	3.66	Combination of pentamidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats. ( Kluge, RM; Spain, AJ; Spaulding, DM, 1978)
" He developed severe thrombocytopenia when pentamidine was added to the regimen."	3.66	Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pentamidine: efficacy and toxicity. ( Milder, JE; Powell, RD; Walzer, PD, 1979)
"Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is recommended for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or intensive chemotherapy."	2.87	A prospective study of intravenous pentamidine for PJP prophylaxis in adult patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. ( Anderson, J; Khan, I; Mactal-Haaf, C; Oh, A; Patel, P; Quigley, JG; Rondelli, D; Saraf, S; Sweiss, K; Wirth, S, 2018)
"The test is applied on AIDS prophylaxis and paediatric trials."	2.69	Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials. ( Finkelstein, DM; Schoenfeld, DA, 1999)
"The prevention of cerebral toxoplasmosis and of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is an essential objective in the management of patients infected with HIV."	2.68	Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and of cerebral toxoplasmosis by roxithromycin in HIV-infected patients. ( Carles, M; Dellamonica, P; Durant, J; Hazime, F; Pechere, JC, 1995)
"The main outcome assessments were PCP recurrence, survival and incidence of drug toxicity."	2.68	Better efficacy of twice-monthly than monthly aerosolised pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. An Italian multicentric randomised controlled trial. The Italian PCP Study Group. ( Frigerio, D; Lazzarin, A; Lucchini, M; Maillard, M; Moroni, M; Musicco, M; Rizzardi, GP, 1995)
"Pentamidine was measured using a chromatographic (HPLC) assay."	2.68	Intrapulmonary and systemic pharmacokinetics of aerosolized pentamidine used for prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. ( Conte, JE; Golden, JA, 1995)
"Primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) for patients with HIV infection has been recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."	2.67	Aerosolized pentamidine as primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: efficacy, mortality and morbidity. ( Berglund, O; Elvin, K; Lidman, C; Lindbäck, S; Tynell, E, 1994)
"Dapsone was more effective in the primary prophylaxis of toxoplasmic encephalitis, with six toxoplasmic encephalitis events occurring among those receiving aerosolized pentamidine, compared to none among those taking dapsone (p = 0."	2.67	Randomized trial of dapsone and aerosolized pentamidine for the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis. ( Barr, M; Carlo, C; Chanin, E; Gregory, G; Kiely, S; Martin, M; Thorn, M; Thornton, J; Torres, RA, 1993)
"Participants were AIDS patients with no history of PCP, patients with a CD4 count < or = 0."	2.67	Aerosolized pentamidine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a controlled, randomized trial. ( Backer, V; Flaschs, H; Gaub, J; Højlyng, N; Jensen, BN; Mathiesen, L; Nelsing, S; Nielsen, JO; Nielsen, TL; Simonsen, L, 1993)
"Nineteen episodes of cerebral toxoplasmosis were diagnosed during the study."	2.67	Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus aerosolized pentamidine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. LFPMI Study Group. Ligue Française de Prévention des Maladies Infectieuses. ( Beuscart, C; Borsa Lebas, F; Canton, P; Leclercq, P; Marchou, B; May, T; Micoud, M; Mouton, Y; Reynes, J; Saba, J, 1994)
"The majority of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; 12 of 14 [86%]) undergoing maintenance chemotherapy were able to resume full-dose therapy."	2.67	Successful Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis using aerosolized pentamidine in children with acute leukemia. ( Briones, G; Cairo, MS; Frost, JD; Weinthal, J, 1994)
" This compares favorably with a 1-year attack rate of 19 percent in similar patients receiving standard dose (300 mg) prophylaxis and suggests, but does not prove, a dose-response effect."	2.67	A randomized comparison of once-monthly or twice-monthly high-dose aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Chernoff, DN; Conte, JE; Duncan, SM; Golden, JA; Katz, MH, 1993)
"Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and candida were given routinely."	2.67	Treatment of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a twelve week chemotherapy program. ( Brandwein, J; Burkes, RL; Sawka, CA; Shepherd, FA; Sutton, DM; Warner, E, 1992)
"Primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is recommended for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection if their CD4 cell counts are below 200 per cubic millimeter (0."	2.67	A controlled trial of aerosolized pentamidine or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Dutch AIDS Treatment Group. ( Borleffs, JC; Eeftinck Schattenkerk, JK; Frissen, JP; Hoepelman, AI; Kolsters, AF; Nielsen, TL; Schneider, MM; van der Ende, IM; van der Graaf, Y, 1992)
"The estimated recurrence rates at 18 months were 11."	2.67	A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 021. ( Fass, RJ; Feinberg, J; Finkelstein, DM; Frame, PT; Hardy, WD; He, W; Holmes, M; Kaczka, C; Power, ME; Waskin, H, 1992)
"The development of PCP, transfusion requirements, monthly complete blood cell counts, serious adverse reactions and death were recorded."	2.67	Oral dapsone versus nebulized pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis: an open randomized prospective trial to assess efficacy and haematological toxicity. ( Hoy, JF; Kent, SJ; Lucas, CR; Pettinger, MB; Slavin, MA; Stewart, K, 1992)
"Use of pre-AIDS zidovudine and PCP prophylaxis was associated with significant reductions in rates of progression to AIDS at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months for participants starting with less than 350 CD4+ lymphocytes/microliter."	2.67	Effect of zidovudine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis on progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. ( Detels, R; Graham, NM; Ho, M; Park, LP; Phair, JP; Saah, AJ; Vermund, SH; Zeger, SL, 1991)
"In a randomized trial conducted in AIDS patients requiring prophylaxis against pneumocystosis we compared two pentamidine salts, isethionate (I) and mesylate (M), and two nebulizers (a modified ultrasonic Ultraneb 99 Devilbiss nebulizer, and a disposable jet nebulizer)."	2.67	[Pentamidine aerosol in the preventive treatment of pneumocystosis in AIDS patients. Comparison of two salts and two nebulizers]. ( Antoun, F; Broussier, PM; Dautzenberg, B; Dohin, E; Farinotti, R, 1991)
"We studied 21 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and presumed Pneumocystic carinii choroidopathy."	2.67	A multicenter study of Pneumocystis choroidopathy. ( Ai, E; Freeman, W; Friedberg, D; Listhaus, A; Shami, MJ; Siderides, E, 1991)
" Seven assigned to the 5-mg biweekly dosing schedule had a confirmed recurrence of PCP, compared with none in the 60-mg group (p = 0."	2.67	Aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. ( Allan, JD; Boswell, SL; Davies, SF; Dupliss, R; Gordin, FM; Graziano, FM; Lavelle, JP; Murphy, RL; Saag, MS; Waskin, HA, 1991)
" More controlled clinical trials are still needed to establish the optimal dosage regimen for treatment and prevention of PCP."	2.67	Aerosolized pentamidine in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( On, A, 1990)
"40% in the TMP/SMX group)."	2.67	[Treatment of mild to moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with cotrimoxazole versus pentamidine aerosol. Preliminary results of a prospective randomized therapy study]. ( Arasteh, K; Heise, W; L'age, M, 1990)
"Patients with AIDS but without pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, patients with advanced AIDS-related complex (ARC), and asymptomatic patients with less than 200 CD4-positive lymphocytes/mm3 were randomized to one of two groups: group I: Inhalation of 300 mg of pentamidine every 28 days; group II: Inhalation of placebo (300 mg of Na isethionate) every 28 days."	2.67	Primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by inhalation of pentamidine. Preliminary results from a placebo-controlled randomized trial. Swiss Group for Clinical Studies on AIDS. ( Chave, JP; Chopard, P; Furrer, HJ; Hilti, P; Hirschel, B; Lazzarin, A; Opravil, M; Vernazza, P, 1990)
"Pentamidine was well tolerated and produced no severe side effects."	2.67	[Randomized comparative study of secondary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome]. ( Elsing, C; Franke, M; Höffken, G; Lode, H; Noack, H; Petri, M; Ruhnke, M; Schrappe-Bächer, M; Stellbrink, HJ; Weiss, R, 1990)
"No proven pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was found in the observed patients."	2.67	[Preventive pentamidine inhalation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with immune deficiency. Preliminary evaluation of a multicenter study]. ( Bendick, C; Fätkenheuer, G; Rasokat, H; Salzberger, B; Schrappe-Bächer, M; Zehrer, I, 1990)
"Nine patients with AIDS were studied using three nebulizer systems producing different droplet size profiles: the Acorn System 22, Respirgard II, and Respirgard II with the inspiratory baffle removed."	2.67	Alveolar targeting of aerosol pentamidine. Toward a rational delivery system. ( Clarke, SW; Johnson, MA; Lee, CA; Newman, SP; Simonds, AK; Talaee, N, 1990)
"Standard therapy of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with cotrimoxazole and intravenous pentamidine second line therapy both have a response rate of 75 to 90%."	2.67	[Comparison of the effect of 2 therapy concepts in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Cotrimoxazole for 21 days versus sequential therapy with cotrimoxazole followed by pentamidine inhalation]. ( Arasteh, K; Brodt, HR; Helm, EB; Jacobi, V; L'age, M; Mulert, R; Ottmann, O; Staszewski, S; Stille, W; Wegner, R, 1990)
"In patients with AIDS, oral therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and with trimethoprim-dapsone are equally effective for mild-to-moderate first episodes of P."	2.67	Oral therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus trimethoprim-dapsone. ( Benowitz, N; Hopewell, PC; Lee, B; Leoung, G; Medina, I; Mills, J; Modin, G; Wofsy, CB, 1990)
"Early effective management of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia improves outcome in patients with this disorder."	2.40	Treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Castro, M, 1998)
"Although the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) among adults infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has declined, no decline in PCP incidence has been observed among HIV-infected children, and PCP remains the most common serious opportunistic infection among both adults and children in the United States."	2.39	Preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. ( Feinberg, J; Hughes, WT; Navin, TR; Simonds, RJ, 1995)
"Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States."	2.39	Prevention of community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. ( Santos, MR; Simberkoff, MS, 1996)
"A 43-year-old woman with AIDS experienced pentamidine-induced TdP."	2.38	Prolonged recurrence of pentamidine-induced torsades de pointes. ( Bjornson, DC; Cortese, LM; Dacey, MJ; Gasser, RA; Oster, CN, 1992)
"If pregnancy is pursued, the mother must be investigated for sexually transmitted diseases which are particularly frequent in this population and may have repercussions on the newborn."	2.38	[Pregnancy in HIV infected women. Current therapeutic indications]. ( Bongain, A; Fuzibet, JG; Gillet, JY; Pesce, A, 1992)
"Although Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) usually presents with bilateral interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, many other roentgenographic presentations occur in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients."	2.38	Atypical roentgenographic manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Goetz, MB; Kennedy, CA, 1992)
"2."	2.38	How can epidemiology assist in guiding interventions for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus? ( Hoth, DF; Vermund, SH, 1990)
"The diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) rests on the isolation of this micro-organism in patients whose latest blood count, less than 2 months old, shows less than 250 CD4 lymphocytes per cubic mm and who present with signs of impaired lung function."	2.38	[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV infection. Diagnosis, prognostic factors and curative treatment]. ( Girard, PM; Saimot, AG, 1991)
"Although Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) can occur in any patient with severe impairment of immunity, there has been a sharp rise in incidence with the spread of human immunodeficiency virus through the USA and Western Europe, where nearly 80% of patients with HIV infection have at least one episode of PCP during their lifetime (Murray et al, 1984)."	2.38	Prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Bateman, NT; O'Doherty, MJ, 1991)
" However, little attention has been paid in previous clinical studies to actual dosage and regional distribution of aerosolized antibiotics in the lung and the pharmacokinetics of the aerosol after deposition."	2.38	Delivery of topical antibiotics: pharmacokinetics and clinical problems. ( Fein, AM; Ilowite, JS; Niederman, MS, 1991)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a life-threatening complication of diseases and therapies associated with immunosuppression."	2.38	Pneumocystis carinii: a deadly opportunist. ( Tsou, E; Zackrison, LH, 1991)
"Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) has been the most prevalent opportunistic infection diagnosed in people with AIDS."	2.38	Nursing care of the adult client with infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. ( Ungvarski, PJ, 1991)
"Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be infected with many opportunistic pathogens, the most common of which is Pneumocystis carinii."	2.38	Widespread dissemination of Pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome receiving long-term treatment with aerosolized pentamidine. ( Dembinski, AS; Goldsmith, JC; Smith, DM; Woods, GL, 1991)
"Pentamidine is an aromatic diamidine derivative which has become one of the standard therapies for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), particularly in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)."	2.38	Inhaled pentamidine. An overview of its pharmacological properties and a review of its therapeutic use in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Benfield, P; Monk, JP, 1990)
"The majority of patients with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia respond to treatment with either high-dose cotrimoxazole or IV pentamidine."	2.38	Glucocorticoid therapy for severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Miller, RF; Semple, SJ, 1990)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common infection and also one of the most readily treatable illnesses that these patients encounter."	2.38	Outpatient diagnosis and treatment of AIDS-related pulmonary infections. ( Polnitsky, CA; Sherter, CB, 1989)
"The continuing growth of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic has caused a parallel increase in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)."	2.38	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: pathophysiology, therapy, and prevention. ( Montgomery, AB, 1989)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common life-threatening disease diagnosed in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)."	2.38	Aerosolized pentamidine in HIV. Promising new treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Sarti, GM, 1989)
"AIDS is a disorder that the pediatrician must consider when evaluating children with a variety of clinical conditions, including overwhelming infection with a number of parasites."	2.37	AIDS and parasitic infections, including Pneumocystis carinii and cryptosporidiosis. ( Berkowitz, CD, 1985)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a clinically, roentgenologically, and serologically uncharacteristic pneumonia of the immunodeficient patient and is caused by the opportunistic parasite Pneumocystis which is most likely a protozoon."	2.37	[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--a review]. ( Jacobs, T; Seitz, HM; Ziefer, A, 1986)
"The chemistry, spectrum of activity, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and dosage and administration of pentamidine are reviewed, and the role of the drug in treating Pneumocystis carinii infections in immunocompromised patients is discussed."	2.37	Update on pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Cunha, BA; Salamone, FR, 1988)
"The literature lacks adequate dosing guidelines for modifying pentamidine therapy in renal failure."	2.37	Pentamidine therapy in renal failure: case report and literature review. ( Fitzsimmons, WE; Luskin, SS, 1988)
"Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP) should be instituted as early as possible: a serum level of TMP between 5 and 10 micrograms/ml should be attained."	2.37	[Pneumocystis carinii infections]. ( Mojon, M, 1985)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a devastating disease state that is almost always fatal without appropriate therapy."	2.36	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: review with a case study. ( Johnson, JF; Moore, GF; Rehder, TL, 1981)
"Pentamidine was completed after 3 weeks, and antiretroviral treatment (ART) was initiated with dolutegravir 50 mg and Descovy HT (emtricitabine [200 mg] and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate [25 mg])."	1.72	Extrapulmonary pneumocystosis in an antiretroviral therapy-naïve, HIV-positive patient. ( Hasegawa, M; Hashimoto, M; Hashimoto, N; Ito, Y; Osugi, Y; Yano, K, 2022)
"We observed no cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) following IV pentamidine administration."	1.72	Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Prophylaxis with Intravenous Pentamidine in Adult Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients. ( Bubalo, J; Diaz, A; Lewis, JS; McCollam, S, 2022)
"Aerodigestive adverse effects (AD-AE) during intravenous pentamidine (IV-P) infusion for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis are uncommon in retrospective chart review studies."	1.62	Aerodigestive adverse effects during intravenous pentamidine infusion for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis. ( George, A; McGraw, BJ; Rademacher, H; Savaşan, S; Sokolowski, C, 2021)
"International guidelines for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prevention recommend prophylaxis for ≥6 months following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and longer in patients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or on immunosuppressive therapy (IST)."	1.56	High incidence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients in the modern era. ( Chaudhry, A; Dabas, R; Daly, A; Dharmani-Khan, P; Dowhan, M; Duggan, P; Evernden, C; Gregson, D; Jamani, K; Jimenez-Zepeda, V; Johnson, A; Jupp, J; Kalra, A; Khan, F; Storek, J; Tay, J, 2020)
"Data on PCP infection and adverse reactions were collected from both patients' electronic medical records and the pharmacy adverse drug reactions documentation system."	1.56	Effectiveness and tolerability of intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: a retrospective study. ( Al-Yasein, N; Asaad, A; Awad, WB; Najjar, R, 2020)
" However, the dose is often reduced to 3 mg/kg/day in clinical settings because of high rates of adverse events and drug toxicity."	1.56	Safety and efficacy of reduced-dose pentamidine as second-line treatment for HIV-related pneumocystis pneumonia. ( Aoki, T; Gatanaga, H; Kikuchi, Y; Mutoh, Y; Oka, S; Teruya, K, 2020)
"We retrospectively reviewed records of all pediatric HCT patients who received bimonthly IV pentamidine between December 2006 and June 2013, and collected data regarding demographics, clinical course, prophylaxis rationale, laboratory values and adverse events."	1.43	Safe and Effective Prophylaxis with Bimonthly Intravenous Pentamidine in the Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Population. ( Cowan, MJ; Dvorak, CC; Lang, T; Levy, ER; Musick, L; Weintrub, PS; Zinter, MS, 2016)
"IV pentamidine is a safe, tolerable, and effective agent for PCP prophylaxis in pediatric hematology/oncology patients and may be considered a reasonable therapeutic alternative when trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole cannot be used for PCP prophylaxis."	1.43	Safety and Effectiveness of Intravenous Pentamidine for Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Patients. ( Dubrovskaya, Y; Klejmont, LM; Lighter-Fisher, J; Papadopoulos, J; Scipione, MR; Solodokin, LJ, 2016)
"Pentamidine was found to be safe, and the incidence of adverse events leading to discontinuation was 6% with the most common reason being tachycardia 2."	1.42	Intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii/jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis in pediatric transplant patients. ( Clark, A; Danziger-Isakov, L; Hemmelgarn, T; Teusink, A, 2015)
" Ten (7%) had a grade I side effect of nausea/vomiting requiring slower infusion time and 2 (2%) had a grade IV reaction with anaphylaxis (rash) and hypotension with 1 child requiring transfer to the intensive care unit."	1.39	Intravenous pentamidine is safe and effective as primary pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis in children and adolescents undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. ( Aquino, VM; Cox, JA; DeMasi, JM; Koh, AY; Leonard, D, 2013)
"Pentamidine is a drug generally used for the prophylactic treatment of Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients."	1.38	[Use of pentamidine nebulization in children]. ( Chaumuzeau, JP; Diot, P; Dubus, JC; Oudyi, M, 2012)
"Pulmonary nocardiosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of recurring pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, especially in HIV-infected individuals."	1.37	Pulmonary nocardiosis caused by Nocardia exalbida complicating Pneumocystis pneumonia in an HIV-infected patient. ( Fujii, T; Gonoi, T; Imai, K; Iwamoto, A; Kikuchi, T; Koga, M; Koibuchi, T; Miura, T; Nakamura, H; Yazawa, K, 2011)
"We present a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who died from Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) despite appropriate anti-Pneumocystis therapy."	1.35	Evolving health effects of Pneumocystis: one hundred years of progress in diagnosis and treatment. ( Kovacs, JA; Masur, H, 2009)
"Pentamidine was associated with a greater risk of death when used as first- and second-line therapy for HIV-associated PCP, and was associated with more treatment changes."	1.35	Clinical efficacy of first- and second-line treatments for HIV-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a tri-centre cohort study. ( Atzori, C; Benfield, T; Helweg-Larsen, J; Miller, RF, 2009)
"A total of 29 patients with AIDS and PCP who were admitted to the AIDS Clinical Center, International Medical Center of Japan from July 1996 to November 1999."	1.31	Complications during clinical courses of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Genka, I; Kikuchi, Y; Oka, S; Tachikawa, N; Teruya, K; Yamaguchi, M; Yamamoto, Y; Yasuoka, A; Yasuoka, C, 2001)
"The high incidence of P carinii pneumonia in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has served to focus laboratory and clinical research efforts on better understanding the biology of the organism and on improving diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this disease."	1.31	New insights into transmission, diagnosis, and drug treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Gill, VJ; Kovacs, JA; Masur, H; Meshnick, S, 2001)
"1% of control when administered at a dosage of 10 mumol/kg."	1.30	2,5-bis[4-(N-alkylamidino)phenyl]furans as anti-Pneumocystis carinii agents. ( Bender, BC; Boykin, DW; Hall, JE; Kumar, A; McCurdy, DR; Tidwell, RR; Wilson, WD; Xiao, G, 1998)
"1% of control when administered at a dosage of 10 micromol/kg."	1.30	Extended aromatic furan amidino derivatives as anti-Pneumocystis carinii agents. ( Bajic, M; Bender, BC; Boykin, DW; Hall, JE; Hopkins, KT; Kumar, A; McCurdy, DR; Tidwell, RR; Wilson, WD, 1998)
" No toxicity was noted for 5, 7-10 at the dose of 10 micromol/kg/d; however, the isopropyl analogue 7 showed toxicity comparable to pentamidine at the dosage of 20 micromol/kg/d."	1.30	2,4-Diphenyl furan diamidines as novel anti-Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia agents. ( Bender, BC; Boykin, DW; Francesconi, I; Hall, JE; McCurdy, D; Tanious, FA; Tidwell, RR; Wilson, WD, 1999)
"Pentamidine isethionate is an antimicrobial agent effective in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis."	1.30	Effect of charcoal hemoperfusion on clearance of pentamidine isethionate after accidental overdose. ( Conte, JE; Waldo, FB; Watts, RG; Zurlinden, E, 1997)
"017), cumulative dosage of pentamidine (OR = 1."	1.30	A 5-year retrospective review of adverse drug reactions and their risk factors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients who were receiving intravenous pentamidine therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Balano, KB; Coleman, RL; Dong, BJ; Gee, L; O'Brien, JG, 1997)
"We evaluated the effect of chronic Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis, with a once a month dose of 300 mg of inhalatory pentamidine isethionate, on QT interval duration."	1.30	Inhalatory pentamidine therapy and the duration of the QT interval in HIV-infected patients. ( Cardoso, JS; Conde, C; Lecour, H; Mota-Miranda, A; Moura, B; Rocha-Gonçalves, F, 1997)
"Spontaneous pneumothorax is a relatively frequent complication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection."	1.30	[Spontaneous pneumothorax associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection]. ( Cifrián Martínez, JM; Fernández Rozas, SM; García Pérez, MM; Golpe Gómez, R; Jiménez Gómez, A; Mons Lera, R, 1998)
"Treatment with pentamidine was stopped and emergent treatment was started."	1.30	[Acute myelogenous leukemia with hyperkalemia induced by pentamidine administration]. ( Hino, M; Kumura, T; Nakao, T; Ohta, K; Tatsumi, N; Yamane, T, 1998)
" Dosing or frequency of TMP-SMX did not seem to influence risk of chemoprophylaxis failure."	1.30	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia incidence and chemoprophylaxis failure in ambulatory HIV-infected patients. HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) Investigators. ( Holmberg, SD; Moorman, AC; Palella, FJ; Von Bargen, JC, 1998)
"Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis in AIDS patients might be safety withdrawn after effective HAART."	1.30	[Withdrawal of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in patients receiving efficacious combined antiretroviral treatment. Study of 85 cases]. ( de Górgolas Hernández, M; Fernández Guerrero, ML; García Delgado, R; García Vázquez, E, 1999)
" Overall results from these studies indicate patients who are eligible for PCP prophylaxis should be advised to take double-strength trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) on a daily basis, a dosage found more effective than thrice-weekly."	1.30	Optimizing PCP therapy. ( Cadman, J; Torres, G, 1997)
"The risk to develop cerebral toxoplasmosis appeared significantly higher in the group of patients who stopped sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim consecutively to cutaneous hypersensitivity."	1.30	[Cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV infected patients intolerant of cotrimoxazole]. ( Beuscart, C; Canton, P; Leport, C; May, T; Rabaud, C; Reynes, J, 1998)
"Pentamidine was not detected in the urine of any of the subjects."	1.29	Respiratory effects of occupational exposure to aerosolized pentamidine. ( Balmes, JR; Blanc, P; Corkery, K; Estacio, PL; Kelly, T; Quinlan, P, 1995)
"The pentamidine-treated dysglycemic patients differed from their euglycemic counterparts by higher pentamidine doses (P < 0."	1.29	Pentamidine-induced derangements of glucose homeostasis. Determinant roles of renal failure and drug accumulation. A study of 128 patients. ( Assan, D; Assan, R; Chotard, L; Matheron, S; Mayaud, C; Perronne, C; Zucman, D, 1995)
"Occurrence or recurrence of PCP."	1.29	Predictors for failure of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. ( Hoover, DR; Kingsley, LA; Peng, Y; Phair, JP; Saah, AJ; Schrager, LK; Visscher, B, 1995)
"Pentamidine is known to cause severe dysglycaemia by damaging beta-cell function of the pancreas."	1.29	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus following pentamidine therapy in a patient with AIDS. ( Bogner, JR; Goebel, FD; Liegl, U, 1994)
"Pentamidine aerosols were prescribed for 456 HIV-positive patients as primary or secondary prophylaxis."	1.29	[Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with HIV infection using pentamidine aerosols. Retrospective study of 465 cases]. ( Chauvelle, MT; Dupont, B; Feuillie, V; Guinet, F; Pialoux, G; Sansonetti, P; Trotot, P, 1994)
"carinii prophylaxis before the onset of AIDS: Mycobacterium avium complex disease, which developed in 33."	1.29	Clinical manifestations of AIDS in the era of pneumocystis prophylaxis. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. ( Anderson, R; Bacellar, H; Detels, R; Hoover, DR; Kaslow, RA; Phair, J; Saah, AJ, 1993)
" The variation of the AUC values is consistent with interindividual differences in rates of metabolism, which supports individual dosing strategies for pentamidine."	1.29	Plasma pentamidine concentrations vary between individuals with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the drug is actively secreted by the kidney. ( Bronner, U; Gustafsson, LL; Lidman, C; Rombo, L, 1994)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is frequent in patients with cellular immunity impairments, specially those with AIDS."	1.29	[Pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in immunodepressed patients: clinical picture, treatment, and prognosis]. ( Acuña, G; Almendarez, C; de la Cerda, G; Labarca, J; Oddó, D; Pérez, C; Sirhan, M, 1994)
"Pentamidine isethionate was administered intravenously over 60-90 minutes once a month, at a dosage of 4 mg/kg, in 250 mL of 5% dextrose in water."	1.29	Once-a-month administration of intravenous pentamidine to patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Amador, C; Benito, C; Carbonell, C; Ena, J; Gutiérrez, F; Pasquau, F; Vilar, A, 1994)
"In children with malignancy, TMP/SMX is well tolerated, but adverse reactions that necessitate discontinuation can occur."	1.29	Aerosolized pentamidine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with cancer intolerant or allergic to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. ( Buchanan, GR; Cash, J; Mustafa, MM; Pappo, A; Winick, NJ, 1994)
" The infant's dose of pentamidine was based on an adult dosage of 300 to 600 mg/month, adjusted for minute ventilation and weight."	1.29	Aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants with human immunodeficiency virus infection. ( Caspe, WB; Hand, IL; Lambert, G; Porricolo, M; Wiznia, AA, 1994)
"A total of 25 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was observed (3."	1.29	[Primary and secondary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pentamidine aerosol. Effectiveness, side effects and incidence of extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii manifestations]. ( Albrecht, H; Begemann, F; Meigel, W; Plettenberg, A; Stellbrink, HJ; Stoehr, A, 1994)
"PCP was the leading AIDS manifestation (21."	1.29	Pneumocystis carinii infections in HIV-infected hemophiliacs during aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Brackmann, HH; Christ, F; Ewig, S; Lüchters, G; Lüderitz, B; Marklein, G; Rockstroh, JK; Seitz, HM, 1993)
"The incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) has been shown to be high posttransplantation in the absence of prophylaxis."	1.29	Utility of inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients. ( Kass, RM; Koerner, SK; Nathan, SD; Ross, DJ; Zakowski, P, 1994)
"To determine the use of AIDS drugs and therapies by populations with relatively good access to health care."	1.29	Use of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs for AIDS by homosexual and bisexual men in three US cities. ( Buchbinder, SP; Bush, TJ; Conley, LJ; Hershow, RC; Holmberg, SD; Judson, FN; Katz, MH; Penley, KA, 1993)
"Pentamidine aerosols were administered at the hospital under medical supervision."	1.29	Long-term results of monthly inhaled pentamidine as primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. ( Belguendouz, A; Deleuze, J; Gorin, I; Guillon, JM; Morini, JP; Pretet, S; Rousseau, F; Roux, ME; Salmon, D; Taki, BE, 1993)
" Intramuscular pentamidine was given monthly by the Z-track technique at a dosage of 300 mg (4 mg/kg if the patient weighed < 50 kg)."	1.29	Intramuscular pentamidine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. ( Cheung, TW; Chusid, E; Hammer, G; Matta, R; Neibart, E; Rose, D; Sacks, HS; Szabo, S, 1993)
"We report a case of splenic pneumocystosis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive individual treated prophylactically with aerosolized pentamidine."	1.29	[Extra-pulmonary pneumocystosis in the course of AIDS. Report of a case]. ( Marche, C; Potet, F; Terris, B, 1996)
"Extrapulmonary localizations of pneumocystosis were noticed (eye, liver, spleen, ascitis) in two AP+."	1.29	[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS: retrospective analysis of 80 documented cases (1985-1993)]. ( Aubertin, J; Bartou, C; Bernard, N; Beylot, J; Buisson, M; Couprie, B; Dequae, L; Lacoste, D; Mercié, P; Morlat, P; Ragnaud, JM, 1996)
" pentamidine is well known to cause severe multiorgan adverse effects and is usually given to hospitalized patients under close monitoring."	1.29	The safety of i.v. pentamidine administered in an ambulatory setting. ( Chan, CK; Chan, M; Yeung, KT, 1996)
"Despite the difference in dosage (120 mg/mo vs 300 mg/mo), type of nebulizer (ultrasonic vs jet), and frequency of administration (twice vs once monthly), the results of this study indicate that both regimens of AP provide comparable protection against PCP."	1.29	An effectiveness community-based clinical trial of Respirgard II and Fisoneb nebulizers for Pneumocystis carinii prophylaxis with aerosol pentamidine in HIV-infected individuals. Toronto Aerosol Pentamidine Study (TAPS) Group. ( Berger, P; Chan, CK; McIvor, RA; Pack, LL; Rachlis, A, 1996)
"No extrapulmonary or disseminated pneumocystosis was observed in either group."	1.29	Effect of long-term primary aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis on breakthrough Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Ewig, S; Lüderitz, B; Pickenhain, A; Rockstroh, JK; Schäfer, H, 1996)
"As the number of AIDS patients and the associated health care costs increase, home care for AIDS patients will continue to expand."	1.28	Home care for AIDS patients. ( Mello-Udine, L, 1992)
"89 patients were clinically in the AIDS stage and 33 in the AIDS-related complex (ARC) stage."	1.28	[The prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by pentamidine inhalation]. ( Elsing, C; Erckenbrecht, J; Hengels, KH; Jablonowski, H; Strohmeyer, G, 1992)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was common in advanced HIV infection treated with zidovudine."	1.28	Pneumocystis prophylaxis and survival in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with zidovudine. The Zidovudine Epidemiology Group. ( Chaisson, RE; Keruly, J; Moore, RD; Richman, DD, 1992)
"As pentamidine may cause pancreatitis and develop DIC, it is important that pancreatic enzymes should be carefully followed when this agent administrated."	1.28	[HIV-1 seropositive hemophilia A complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome and acute pancreatitis during treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. ( Fukue, H; Koshihara, K; Matsumoto, K; Suzuki, T; Takahashi, Y; Tanaka, A; Tateyama, M; Yamagishi, T; Yorifuji, H; Yoshida, S, 1992)
"We report ten cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a group of 420 kidney recipients (2."	1.28	[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a life threatening complication after kidney transplantation]. ( Bach, D; Chlebowski, H; Grabensee, B; Westhoff, A, 1992)
"Four of these patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia died despite high dose treatment with cotrimoxazole."	1.28	[Pentamidine inhalation in prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in treatment of rejection with monoclonal antibody Orthoclone (OKT-3)]. ( Barenbrock, M; Buchholz, B; Rahn, KH; Spieker, C; Zidek, W, 1992)
"The optimal dosage of pentamidine for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PcP) is unknown."	1.28	Low incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV patients receiving 300 mg pentamidine aerosol every 2 weeks. ( Bogner, JR; Goebel, FD; Kronawitter, U, 1992)
"Group A consisted of AIDS patients (n = 7) who had had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), group B of AIDS patients (n = 7) not known to have had PCP, and group C of asymptomatic HIV-positive patients (n = 7)."	1.28	Bronchial responsiveness in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Hanley, SP; Mandal, BK; Ong, EL, 1992)
"Pentamidine treatment did not interfere with the phagocytic ability of AM phi."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by alveolar macrophages: modulation by pentamidine isethionate. ( Corsini, E; Craig, WA; Dykstra, C; Rosenthal, GJ; Tidwell, RR, 1992)
"Pentamidine isethionate was administered by the tracheal route to control rats and immunodepressed rats with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)."	1.28	Influence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia on serum and tissue concentrations of pentamidine administered to rats by tracheal injections. ( Barritault, L; Danel, C; Farinotti, R; Huchon, GJ; Mordelet-Dambrine, M; Urzua, G, 1992)
"In this prospective study, 26 AIDS patients with 32 episodes of PCP were treated with pentamidine (4 mg/kg/d)."	1.28	Higher pentamidine levels in AIDS patients with hypoglycemia and azotemia during treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Comtois, R; Gervais, A; Lemieux, C; Pouliot, J; Vinet, B, 1992)
"To evaluate the adverse effects of intravenous pentamidine isethionate, a retrospective study was carried out over a four-year period."	1.28	Adverse effects associated with intravenous pentamidine isethionate as treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. ( Balslev, U; Nielsen, TL, 1992)
"The prevention of the occurrence and recurrence of PCP is a cornerstone in the treatment of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus."	1.28	A comparison of the effectiveness of three regimens in the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. ( Beall, GN; Beck, K; Cox, PH; Martin, MA; Styer, CM, 1992)
"Only one (1."	1.28	Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole appears more effective than aerosolized pentamidine as secondary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. ( Carr, A; Cooper, DA; Penny, R; Tindall, B, 1992)
"None of the patients developed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during the limited protocol follow-up (mean, 9."	1.28	Aerosolized pentamidine: a well-tolerated mode of prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in older children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. ( Godwin, CR; Ognibene, FP; Orcutt, TA; Pizzo, PA, 1992)
"Of 36 patients with AIDS who were receiving AP for secondary prophylaxis of PCP, 13 patients had been using AP continuously for more than 52 weeks."	1.28	The long-term effects of aerosol pentamidine on pulmonary function. The Toronto Aerosolized Pentamidine Study (TAPS) Group. ( Chan, CK; Hyland, R; Rachlis, A; Rawji, M; Tullis, E; Yu, DG, 1992)
" The dosage was 4 mg/kg/day for 18 days."	1.28	Cardiac arrest during treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with intravenous pentamidine isethionate. ( Balslev, U; Berild, D; Nielsen, TL, 1992)
"A parent education booklet describing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) was prepared by the Pediatric Branch of the National Cancer Institute."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and your child: a parent information booklet. ( Leyden, CG; Ognibene, FP; Pizzo, PA; Rosenthal, C; Schubert, W; Wiener, L, 1992)
"In monitoring pentamidine levels in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis carinii, we found that trough serum levels over 100 ng/mL were associated with toxicity (hypoglycemia or azotemia) in 100% of patients."	1.28	Clinical usefulness of high-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of serum pentamidine in AIDS patients. ( Comtois, R; Gervais, A; Lemieux, C; Vinet, B, 1992)
"Pentamidine 60 mg was administered by ultrasonic nebulization (Fisoneb) five times during the first two weeks and then every two weeks."	1.28	Bilateral pneumothoraces hasten mortality in AIDS patients receiving secondary prophylaxis with aerosolized pentamidine. Association with a lower Dco prior to receiving aerosolized pentamidine. ( Braidy, J; Chassé, M; Corbeil, C; Matar, N; Renzi, PM, 1992)
"The case histories of 27 children with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) who were followed up in the AIDS Program at the Children's Hospital of New Jersey, Newark, are reviewed."	1.28	Clinical and laboratory correlates of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children infected with HIV. ( Bagarazzi, M; Boland, M; Connor, E; Denny, T; Holland, B; McSherry, G; Oleske, J, 1991)
"Effective prophylaxis exists against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, a major cause of illness and death among human immunodeficiency virus-infected children and adults."	1.28	Predicting risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. ( Rutstein, RM, 1991)
"In patients with AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii infection occurring during aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis, roentgenographic findings may be atypical."	1.28	Upper lobe pulmonary parenchymal calcification in a patient with AIDS and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia receiving aerosolized pentamidine. ( Burger, CD; Douglas, WW; Srivatsa, SS, 1992)
"The incidence of P carinii pneumonia did not correlate with any measured patient characteristic."	1.28	Deposition of aerosolized pentamidine and failure of pneumocystis prophylaxis. ( Dickinson, G; Marcial, E; Seymour, J; Smaldone, GC; Young, E, 1992)
"Pentamidine has been recognised for its potential to cause symptomatic, and even life-threatening hypoglycaemia."	1.28	Diabetes mellitus presenting with ketoacidosis following pentamidine therapy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Herchline, TE; Para, MF; Plouffe, JF, 1991)
"Pentamidine was analyzed in both phases of BAL fluid (supernatant and cell pellet) and in urine using high performance liquid chromatography."	1.28	Urine pentamidine as an indicator of lung pentamidine in patients receiving aerosol therapy. ( Morra, L; Smaldone, GC; Vinciguerra, C, 1991)
"Isolated apical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia might develop in AIDS patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis."	1.28	Apical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients not receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Ho, KJ; Jessup, JG; Shin, MS; Veal, CF, 1991)
"A patient with a history of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) inhaled aerosolized pentamidine (AP) for secondary prophylaxis of PCP."	1.28	Upper lobe relapse of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Grünewald, T; Jautzke, G; Köppen, S; Ruf, B, 1991)
"We report the development of acute pancreatitis and permanent diabetes mellitus in an AIDS patient treated with intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis pneumonia."	1.28	Survival from pentamidine induced pancreatitis and diabetes mellitus. ( Hogan, P; Wetzig, N; Whitby, M; Wood, G, 1991)
" The peak plasma concentration, plasma clearance, and elimination half-life ranged from 249 +/- 80 to 227 +/- 110 ng/ml, 268 +/- 70 to 329 +/- 58 l/h, and 29 +/- 25 to 118 +/- 119 h, respectively, in groups 1 and 2."	1.28	Pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentamidine in patients with normal renal function or receiving hemodialysis. ( Conte, JE, 1991)
"We have described two patients with AIDS who had cavitary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia while receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis."	1.28	Cavitary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients receiving aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Stein, DS; Weems, JJ, 1991)
"Of 1030 patients with AIDS who were followed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center between 1 January 1980 and 30 September 1989, 20 (2%) developed pneumothorax that was unrelated to trauma or a pulmonary procedure."	1.28	Pneumothorax in AIDS. ( Armstrong, D; Bernard, EM; Blum, S; Carrow, M; Dickmeyer, M; Gold, JW; Sepkowitz, KA; Telzak, EE, 1991)
"Pentamidine which is an agent usually used to treat leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, but it is an alternative for P."	1.28	[Diabetes mellitus induced by pentamidine, without previous episodes of hypoglycemia, in patients with AIDS]. ( Caso, E; del Arco, C; García-Polo, I; Gómez-Pan, A; Noguerado, A; Santos, I, 1990)
"None of the patients developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	1.28	[Preventive pentamidine inhalation in patients with HIV infection (CD3 and CD4) in ambulatory practice]. ( Baranowski, E, 1990)
" The dysglycaemic patients (hypo- and hyper-glycaemic) had a higher pentamidine dosage (p less than 0."	1.28	Hypoglycaemia and diabetes mellitus following parenteral pentamidine mesylate treatment in AIDS patients. ( Assan, D; Assan, R; Bricaire, F; Leport, C; Perronne, C; Vilde, JL, 1990)
"Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who have Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and respiratory failure have a high mortality."	1.28	Steroids for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and respiratory failure in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A reassessment. ( Farber, BF; Kaplan, MH; Schiff, MJ, 1990)
"Spontaneous pneumothorax is a known complication of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	1.28	Spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome treated with prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine. ( Newsome, GS; Pierce, PF; Ward, DJ, 1990)
"Treatment with pentamidine followed by trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole led to rapid normalization of thyroid size in association with the development of hypothyroidism."	1.28	Thyroiditis as the presenting manifestation of disseminated extrapulmonary Pneumocystis carinii infection. ( Bailey, D; Drucker, DJ; Rotstein, L, 1990)
"A case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in a patient with AIDS was manifested radiographically as a hilar mass and cavitary lesion."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia manifested as a hilar mass and cavitary lesion: an atypical presentation in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Judson, MA; Postic, B; Weiman, DS, 1990)
"Eflornithine appears to be a useful salvage therapy in patients failing first-line treatments."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treated with eflornithine in AIDS patients resistant to conventional therapy. ( Davies, S; Gazzard, B; Gleeson, J; Nelson, M; Smith, D; Youle, M, 1990)
"As the AIDS epidemic has evolved, so have improvements been made in diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: advances in diagnosis and therapy. ( Ettinger, NA, 1990)
"Pentamidine therapy was subsequently changed to the nebulized route."	1.28	Severe hypomagnesemia induced by pentamidine. ( Burnett, RJ; Reents, SB, 1990)
"The radiographic distribution of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was studied in 64 consecutive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome to determine the demographic and clinical factors that might be associated with predominance of the disease in the upper zones of the lungs."	1.28	Radiographic distribution of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS treated with prophylactic inhaled pentamidine. ( Blanc, P; Chaffey, MH; Gamsu, G; Golden, JA; Klein, JS, 1990)
"We evaluated 43 AIDS patients on prophylaxis with aerosol pentamidine (60 mg biweekly) after Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)."	1.28	Compliance and laboratory data predict relapse rate of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia during prophylaxis with aerosol pentamidine. ( Ledergerber, B; Lüthy, R; Opravil, M; Siegenthaler, W; Speich, R; Weber, R, 1990)
"Three cases of AIDS patients hospitalized for Pneumocystis carinii (PNC."	1.28	[Cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS: a new semiologic aspect. Apropos of 3 cases]. ( Akoun, G; Axler, O; Cacoub, P; Carette, MF; Denis, M; Mayaud, C; Parquin, F, 1990)
"In an open prospective study in the AIDS Outpatient Department of the Frankfurt University Clinic the efficacy of pentamidine aerosol at a dosage of 200 mg every 14 days in the primary and secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was tested."	1.28	[Prospective study of primary and secondary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with pentamidine aerosol]. ( Brodt, R; Gottstein, A; Helm, EB; Jacobi, V; Müller, H; Müller, R; Odewald, J; Rehmet, S; Staszewski, S; Trinder, S, 1990)
"No toxic side effects and no pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were observed."	1.28	[Initial experiences with pentamidine aerosol in prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation]. ( Ehninger, G; Haen, M; Link, H; Schwardt, A; Vöhringer, HF; Wingen, FJ, 1990)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii choroiditis after long-term aerosolized pentamidine therapy. ( Chong, LP; Dugel, PU; Forster, DJ; Frangieh, GT; Rao, NA; Sattler, F, 1990)
"In 33 consecutive AIDS patients with a first episode of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) we evaluated treatment, outcome, recurrence rate and pyrimethamine as chemoprophylaxis in a 1-year follow-up."	1.28	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in Stockholm, Sweden: treatment, outcome, one-year-follow-up and pyrimethamine prophylaxis. ( Bergdahl, S; Julander, I; Lidman, C; Lundbergh, P; Ortqvist, A, 1989)
"All the patients had documented pneumocystosis."	1.28	Comparison of plasma concentrations of aerosolized pentamidine in nonventilated and ventilated patients with pneumocystosis. ( Bidault, R; Certain, A; Clair, B; Farinotti, R; Girard, PM; Matheron, S; Regnier, B, 1989)
" Dosage adjustment or alternative therapy should be considered with the onset of toxicity."	1.28	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with pentamidine. ( Collins, J; Houk, JH; Pien, FD, 1989)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage of the upper lobes in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) receiving aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis."	1.28	Relapse of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the upper lobes during aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Bradburne, RM; Ettensohn, DB; McCool, FD; Opal, SM, 1989)
"Eight episodes were proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 18 satisfied Centres for Disease Control criteria for presumptive Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and 11 lacked one Centres for Disease Control criterion."	1.28	Experience with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. ( Davis, R; Ellis-Pegler, RB; Ingram, RJ, 1989)
"Pneumothorax is a rare complication of Pn."	1.28	[Pneumothorax as a complication of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. ( Battegay, M; Greminger, P; Lüthy, R, 1989)
"Clinical features of 49 episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were compared with those of 39 episodes in patients with other immunosuppressive diseases."	1.27	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a comparison between patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and patients with other immunodeficiencies. ( Hiemenz, JW; Honig, C; Kovacs, JA; Lane, HC; Longo, DL; Macher, AM; Murray, HW; Shelhamer, J; Stover, D; Urmacher, C, 1984)
"The courses of 19 patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicating the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were reviewed."	1.27	Clinical features of Pneumocystis pneumonia in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. ( Engelberg, LA; Lerner, CW; Tapper, ML, 1984)
"carinii pneumonia secondary to AIDS and to other known causes of immune deficiency were enrolled."	1.27	Assessment of therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. PCP Therapy Project Group. ( Haverkos, HW, 1984)
"Oral diazoxide was effective in reversing the marked hypoglycaemia."	1.27	Reversal of pentamidine-induced hypoglycaemia with oral diazoxide. ( Fitzgerald, DB; Young, IS, 1984)
"Pentamidine was added after diagnosis if improvement did not occur."	1.27	Comparison of biopsy-proven Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients and renal allograft recipients. ( Bradley, BB; Conklin, RH; Kerman, RH; Khalil, KG; Sterling, RP, 1984)
"The diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was suspected, although enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot tests were both negative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody."	1.27	Pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with negative human immunodeficiency virus antibody response by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. ( Goetz, DW; Hall, SE; Harbison, RW; Reid, MJ, 1988)
"A 46-year-old man with AIDS, receiving inhaled pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis, developed bilateral upper lobe infiltrates."	1.27	Bilateral upper lobe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in a patient receiving inhaled pentamidine prophylaxis. ( Abd, AG; Bell, AL; Ilowite, JS; Nierman, DM; Pierson, RN, 1988)
" These data may have importance in designing dosage regimens for the further investigation of inhaled pentamidine for treatment or prophylaxis of P."	1.27	Concentrations of aerosolized pentamidine in bronchoalveolar lavage, systemic absorption, and excretion. ( Conte, JE; Golden, JA, 1988)
"Although pentamidine isethionate is effective in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, it frequently causes serious adverse reactions."	1.27	Recurrent ventricular tachycardia due to pentamidine-induced cardiotoxicity. ( Bibler, MR; Chou, TC; Toltzis, RJ; Wade, PA, 1988)
"Pentamidine was an effective alternative for patients who failed with TMP-SMX and for those who failed therapy due to side effects, but was associated with serious toxicities."	1.27	Management of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS and other conditions: experience in a Philadelphia University Teaching Hospital. ( Furio, MM; Liu, HH; Weidle, PJ; Wordell, CJ, 1988)
" We found significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters between intramuscularly and intravenously treated patients."	1.27	Use of a specific and sensitive assay to determine pentamidine pharmacokinetics in patients with AIDS. ( Conte, JE; Lin, ET; Phelps, RT; Upton, RA; Wofsy, CB; Zurlinden, E, 1986)
"Between 1976 and 1983, 53 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were documented at the Mayo Clinic."	1.27	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Review of 53 cases. ( Peters, SG; Prakash, UB, 1987)
" These results suggest that it may be safe to infuse pentamidine slowly intravenously."	1.27	Cardiovascular effects and safety of intravenous and intramuscular pentamidine isethionate. ( Akin, GL; Bailey, KR; Brenner, M; Fauci, AS; Lane, HC; Mallory, DL; Masur, H; Parrillo, JE, 1987)
"Pentamidine isethionate is a diamidine compound used in the treatment of a number of parasitic diseases, notably Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	1.27	Torsade de pointes during administration of pentamidine isethionate. ( Demopulos, PA; Goldschlager, N; Wharton, JM, 1987)
"Pentamidine was administered three times weekly via a Bird micronebulizer."	1.27	Pentamidine aerosol in prophylaxis and treatment of murine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Brun-Pascaud, M; Farinotti, R; Girard, PM; Kernbaum, S; Tamisier, L, 1987)
"Pentamidine was extracted from plasma using a mixed solvent of 40% acetonitrile in chloroform."	1.27	High-performance liquid chromatographic method for measurement of pentamidine in plasma and its application in an immunosuppressed patient with renal dysfunction. ( Dusci, LJ; Forbes, AM; Hackett, LP; Ilett, KF, 1987)
"Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who have PCP have a high trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole failure rate, due either to adverse reactions or unresponsive infection."	1.27	The treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. ( Friedland, GH; Harris, CA; Klein, RS; Small, CB, 1985)
"Since recurrence of PCP is common, follow-up lung biopsy (15 transbronchial, one open) was performed as part of the clinical evaluation of 16 episodes of PCP."	1.27	Persistence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Evaluation of therapy by follow-up transbronchial lung biopsy. ( Davidian, MM; DeLorenzo, LJ; Maguire, GP; Stone, DJ; Wormser, GP, 1985)
"Twenty patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were evaluated by gallium67 (Ga67 scintigraphy and fiberoptic bronchoscopy for initial diagnosis and response to therapy."	1.27	Utility of gallium67 scintigraphy and bronchial washings in the diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. ( Delaney, MD; Simon, GL; Tuazon, CU; Varma, VM; Witorsch, P, 1985)
"Eighteen children with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia diagnosed over a period of 16 years at a children's hospital are reviewed."	1.26	Treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children. ( Hayward, AR; Lipson, A; Marshall, WC, 1977)
"Eleven cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were diagnosed during a 3 1/2-year period at a pediatric hospital where this infection had never been identified previously despite appropriate studies."	1.26	An outbreak of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia at a pediatric hospital. ( Chusid, MJ; Heyrman, KA, 1978)
"Infantile pneumocystosis leading to IPCP can be completely prevented by proper feeding and care of the patient or prophylactic drug therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine."	1.26	Therapy and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ( Bandarizadeh, B; Dutz, W; Fakouhi, T; Jennings-Khodadad, E; Kohout, E; Post, C, 1976)
"There are two types of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia."	1.26	[Current aspects of differentiation and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (author's transl)]. ( Ivády, G, 1976)
"Analysis of 194 patients with confirmed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the United States over a 3-year period revealed that P."	1.26	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the United States: epidemiologic, diagnostic, and clinical features. ( Krogstad, DJ; Perl, DP; Rawson, PG; Schultz, MG; Walzer, PD, 1976)
" Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was used at one of two dosage levels in the treatment of 20 children with PCP and cancer."	1.25	Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. ( Feldman, S; Hughes, WT; Sanyal, SK, 1975)
"Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was suspected in 52 patients who underwent lung biopsy for diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates."	1.25	Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Diagnosis by lung biopsy. ( Armstrong, D; Martini, N; Rosen, PP, 1975)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	235 (30.76)	18.7374
1990's	448 (58.64)	18.2507
2000's	41 (5.37)	29.6817
2010's	29 (3.80)	24.3611
2020's	11 (1.44)	2.80

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Assessment of the Safety and Intravenous Pentamidine for Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.[NCT02669706]		50 participants (Actual)	Observational	2015-03-31	Completed
Studies of Human Pneumocystis Infection[NCT00342589]		1,500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	1999-09-28	Recruiting
Which Apparatus for Inhaled Pentamidine? A Comparison of Drug Delivery to the Lung Between Two Nebulizers: The Respirgard II and the Isoneb.[NCT02277808]	Early Phase 1	10 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Recruiting
The Influence of Atazanavir-ritonavir and Efavirenz on Atovaquone Pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected Volunteers[NCT01479361]	Phase 1	36 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
A Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Aerosolized Pentamidine and Parenteral/Oral Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia in AIDS[NCT00000715]	Phase 3	240 participants	Interventional		Completed
Aerosols in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Pneumonia: A Pilot Study Quantitating the Deposition of Aerosolized Pentamidine as Delivered in ACTG 040 and Comparing Its Toxicity With Parenteral Pentamidine Therapy[NCT00000722]		45 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Trial of Three Anti-Pneumocystis Agents Plus Zidovudine for the Primary Prevention of Serious Infections in Patients With Advanced HIV Infection[NCT00000991]	Phase 3	600 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label Trial of High Dose Atovaquone Versus Low Dose Atovaquone Versus Aerosolized Pentamidine for Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With HIV Infection Who Are Intolerant of TMP/SMX[NCT00002340]	Phase 3	615 participants	Interventional		Completed
Phase 1 Safety Run-in Study and Phase 1b Randomized, Double Blinded, Placebo Controlled Trial[NCT05695521]	Phase 1	66 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-03	Recruiting
A Randomized Study of the MitraClip Device in Heart Failure Patients With Clinically Significant Functional Mitral Regurgitation[NCT01772108]		42 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-04-30	Terminated (stopped due to As recruitment rate was lower than anticipated)
Can the Lambre Device Occlude IRRegular And Large Appendages in Patients With Non-Valvular AF: The CORRAL-AF Study[NCT04684212]		2,931 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-01	Not yet recruiting
A Controlled Comparative Trial of Trimethoprim - Sulfamethoxazole Versus Aerosolized Pentamidine for Secondary Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients Receiving Azidothymidine (AZT)[NCT00000727]	Phase 3	322 participants	Interventional		Completed
Effect of Fluconazole, Clarithromycin, and Rifabutin on the Pharmacokinetics of Sulfamethoxazole and Dapsone and Their Hydroxylamine Metabolites[NCT00000826]	Phase 1	48 participants	Interventional		Completed
Oral Corticosteroids Therapy and Interstitial Fibrosis in Patients With Pneumocystis Jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) and pO2 of >70 at Presentation.[NCT00636935]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Withdrawn (stopped due to No patient completed protocol)
Aerosols in the Treatment of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia: A Nested Study Quantitating the Delivery of Aerosolized Pentamidine for Prophylaxis of PCP in Protocols ACTG 021 and ACTG 081[NCT00001003]		20 participants	Interventional		Completed
Aerosols in the Treatment of Asymptomatic Pneumocystis Pneumonia: A Pilot Study Assessing the Effectiveness of Aerosolized Pentamidine as Treatment of Subclinical Pneumocystis Infection in Patients With No Clinical Symptoms[NCT00000707]		20 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Double-Blind Group Comparative Study To Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Two Different Doses of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in AIDS Patients With Multiple Episodes of PCP[NCT00002055]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Double-Blind Group Comparative Study To Evaluate the Safety and Effectiveness of Three Different Doses of Aerosol Pentamidine in the Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in Patients With AIDS Post First Episode PCP[NCT00002291]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Inhaled Versus Intravenous Pentamidine in Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome[NCT00002292]		0 participants	Interventional		Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1995, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24 Topics: Animals; Drug Design; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Molecular Structure; Opportunistic Infectio	1995
Pneumocystis jirovecii: a review with a focus on prevention and treatment. Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy, 2021, Volume: 22, Issue:12 Topics: Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumocystis carinii; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Retrospective Studies; Trimethop	2021
[Mutations of drug target molecules in Pneumocystis jirovecii isolates and future investigations]. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of medical mycology, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Atovaquone; Dihydropteroate Synthase; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Humans; Male; Midd	2009
[Diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 2011, Volume: 136, Issue:27 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Broncho	2011
[Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis pneumonia in pediatric and adult patients undergoing solid organ or hematopoietic stem cells transplantation]. Revista chilena de infectologia : organo oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Infectologia, 2012, Volume: 29 Suppl 1 Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Child; Dapsone; Drug Administration Schedule; Evidence-Based Medicine;	2012
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 2003, Volume: 61 Suppl 2 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Humans; Immunocompromised Host;	2003
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia treatment in people infected with HIV. Clinical evidence, 2004, Issue:11 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; HIV Infections; Huma	2004
Early-onset pentamidine-associated second-degree heart block and sinus bradycardia: case report and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy, 2005, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Bradycardia; Heart Block; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; Pneumocystis ca	2005
Pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV. Clinical evidence, 2005, Issue:13 Topics: Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Corticosterone; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; HIV Infections; Humans;	2005
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases]. Nihon Rinsho Men'eki Gakkai kaishi = Japanese journal of clinical immunology, 2002, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Connective Tissue Diseases; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Molecular Diag	2002
Pneumocystis pneumonia in people with HIV. Clinical evidence, 2006, Issue:15 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combina	2006
A background and critical analysis of the treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in HIV/AIDS. Australian nursing journal (July 1993), 2007, Volume: 14, Issue:9 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antiprotozoa	2007
[Pneumocystis pneumonia in newborns: a challenge in contemporary intensive care]. Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis, 2006, Volume: 52, Issue:2 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Inte	2006
Second-line salvage treatment of AIDS-associated Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia: a case series and systematic review. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2008, May-01, Volume: 48, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Clindamycin; Cohort Studies; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumocysti	2008
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. Chest, 1984, Volume: 85, Issue:6 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Antibodies; Child; Drug Combinations; Humans; Immunologic	1984
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: review with a case study. Drug intelligence & clinical pharmacy, 1981, Volume: 15, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim	1981
Torsade de pointes and elevated magnesium and calcium requirements associated with intravenous pentamidine. Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 1994, Volume: 9, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Electrocardiography; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Infusions,	1994
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in children. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1995, May-01, Volume: 52, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Dapsone; Didanosine; Dru	1995
The role of atovaquone tablets in treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1995, Mar-01, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Atovaquone;	1995
[An atrioventricular block secondary to pentamidine treatment]. Medicina clinica, 1994, Sep-24, Volume: 103, Issue:9 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Heart Block; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; P	1994
Pentamidine-induced torsades de pointes. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 1993, Volume: 12, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Child; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Torsades de Pointes	1993
Recommendations for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. U.S. Public Health Service Task Force on Antipneumocystis Prophylaxis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1993, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Clinical Trials as Topic; HIV Infections; Humans; Pentamidine	1993
Acute respiratory failure due to Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Critical care clinics, 1993, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Diagnosis, Differential; Health Pers	1993
Pneumocystis carinii thyroiditis. Report of three cases and review of the literature. Archives of internal medicine, 1993, Feb-08, Volume: 153, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumocystis Infections; Pn	1993
Case report: pentamidine and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia revisited. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1993, Volume: 305, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Torsades de Pointes	1993
A meta-analysis of the relative efficacy and toxicity of Pneumocystis carinii prophylactic regimens. Archives of internal medicine, 1996, Jan-22, Volume: 156, Issue:2 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dapsone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Logistic M	1996
Preventing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1995, Volume: 21 Suppl 1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents;	1995
[Therapy and prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Der Internist, 1995, Volume: 36, Issue:12 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Clinical	1995
Options in the management of pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome and intolerance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Southern medical journal, 1996, Volume: 89, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Ag	1996
Recent advances in the prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Advances in pediatric infectious diseases, 1996, Volume: 11 Topics: Aerosols; Child; Dapsone; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Pyrimethamine; Trimethoprim,	1996
[Sinus bradycardia secondary to systemic pentamidine]. Revista espanola de cardiologia, 1996, Volume: 49, Issue:12 Topics: Bradycardia; Chronic Disease; Female; HIV Seronegativity; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Lupus Ery	1996
Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adults with AIDS. Seminars in respiratory infections, 1997, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifunga	1997
Meta-analysis of prophylactic treatments against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasma encephalitis in HIV-infected patients. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1997, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal	1997
Current issues in the treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1997, Volume: 40, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Child; Clindamycin; Drug Ther	1997
Prevention of community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia. Current opinion in pulmonary medicine, 1996, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Bacterial Vaccines; Community-Acquired Infections; Cross I	1996
Prevention of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Dapsone; Fungal Vaccine	1998
Treatment of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Atovaquone; Clindamycin; Dapsone; Eflornithine; Humans	1998
Treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Seminars in respiratory infections, 1998, Volume: 13, Issue:4 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Clinical Trials as To	1998
Control of tuberculosis during aerosol therapy administration. Respiratory care, 1991, Volume: 36, Issue:9 Topics: Aerosols; Cough; Cross Infection; HIV Infections; Humans; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Pentamidine; Pe	1991
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Ryoikibetsu shokogun shirizu, 1999, Issue:24 Pt 2 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Thera	1999
Inhaled antimicrobial therapy. Respiratory care clinics of North America, 1999, Volume: 5, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents;	1999
Pneumocystis carinii mutations associated with sulfa and sulfone prophylaxis failures in immunocompromised patients. Microbes and infection, 2000, Volume: 2, Issue:1 Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Dihydropteroate Synthase; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Humans; Immunocompromis	2000
A meta-analysis of salvage therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Archives of internal medicine, 2001, Jun-25, Volume: 161, Issue:12 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Clindamycin	2001
[Guidelines for Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonitis in Children and Adolescents with Cancer]. Klinische Padiatrie, 2001, Volume: 213 Suppl 1 Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infectiv	2001
The aromatic diamidines. International journal of dermatology, 1977, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Amidines; Animals; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Mice; Mycoses; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pne	1977
[Incidence, prevention and therapy of cytomegalovirus and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after liver transplantation]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1992, Volume: 87 Suppl 1 Topics: Acyclovir; Combined Modality Therapy; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Im	1992
Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1992, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; HIV Infections; Humans; Leukocyte	1992
Adjuvant corticosteroid therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1992, Volume: 26, Issue:9 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Humans; Methylprednisolone; Pentamidine	1992
Prevention and treatment of pneumocystis pneumonia. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Dec-24, Volume: 327, Issue:26 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Trimethoprim, S	1992
Gastrointestinal pneumocystosis in HIV-infected patients on aerosolized pentamidine: report of five cases and literature review. The American journal of gastroenterology, 1992, Volume: 87, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Gastrointestinal Diseases; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine;	1992
Prolonged recurrence of pentamidine-induced torsades de pointes. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1992, Volume: 26, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Pentamidine; Pneu	1992
[Pregnancy in HIV infected women. Current therapeutic indications]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1992, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:4 Topics: Abortion, Therapeutic; Adult; CD4 Immunoadhesins; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunization, Pass	1992
[Prophylactic treatments of opportunistic infections in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. Annales de medecine interne, 1992, Volume: 143, Issue:1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug Therapy, Combination; Foscarnet; Ganciclovir; Humans; Male;	1992
Delayed cardiotoxicity during treatment with intravenous pentamidine: two case reports and a review of the literature. American heart journal, 1992, Volume: 123, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Time Fact	1992
Critical care management of the patient with HIV infection who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Heart & lung : the journal of critical care, 1992, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Prognosis; Trimeth	1992
Atypical roentgenographic manifestations of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Archives of internal medicine, 1992, Volume: 152, Issue:7 Topics: HIV Infections; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Radiography	1992
Prophylaxis of AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs). Current status and future strategies. AIDS clinical review, 1991 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Animals; Cryptococcosis; Cytomegalovirus Infections; D	1991
How can epidemiology assist in guiding interventions for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/human immunodeficiency virus? Annals of epidemiology, 1990, Volume: 1, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Biomarkers; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cohort Studies;	1990
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV infection. Diagnosis, prognostic factors and curative treatment]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1991, Feb-16, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antineoplastic Agents; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Dapsone; Eflornithine; F	1991
Prophylaxis and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. British journal of hospital medicine, 1991, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Antimalarials; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Clinical Protocols; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; HIV Infec	1991
Cutaneous ulceration: an unusual complication of intravenous pentamidine therapy. Dermatologica, 1991, Volume: 183, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Female; Forearm; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Transplantation; Pe	1991
Delivery of topical antibiotics: pharmacokinetics and clinical problems. Seminars in respiratory infections, 1991, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cro	1991
[Respiratory involvement in AIDS]. Revue de pneumologie clinique, 1991, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Opportunistic Infections; Pentami	1991
Pneumocystis carinii: a deadly opportunist. American family physician, 1991, Volume: 44, Issue:2 Topics: Biopsy; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Bronchoscopy; Clinical Protocols; Dapsone; Decision Trees; Dia	1991
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pathophysiology and therapy. AIDS clinical review, 1991 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aerosols; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumoni	1991
Nursing care of the adult client with infection due to Pneumocystis carinii. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANAC, 1991, Volume: 2, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Humans; Patient Care Planning; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocys	1991
Nebulized pentamidine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: experience of 173 patients and a review of the literature. The Quarterly journal of medicine, 1991, Volume: 80, Issue:291 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Male; Nebulizers and Vapor	1991
Widespread dissemination of Pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome receiving long-term treatment with aerosolized pentamidine. American journal of clinical pathology, 1991, Volume: 95, Issue:1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; Humans; Lung; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pne	1991
[Atypical forms of AIDS-associated Pneumocystis carinii infection]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1991, Mar-01, Volume: 116, Issue:9 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Humans; Mycoses; Opportunistic Infec	1991
Nebulized pentamidine as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1991, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Humans; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Recurrence; Trimethoprim, S	1991
Pentamidine: a review. Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 1991, Volume: 12, Issue:6 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Animals; Half-Life; Humans; Metaboli	1991
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV infections. Committee of the 1st Consensus Conference of anti-infectious therapy organized in May 1990 in Paris by the Société de Pathologie Infectieuse de Langue Française]. Revue de pneumologie clinique, 1990, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Clinical Protocols; Dapsone; France; HIV Infections; H	1990
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 1990, Jan-27, Volume: 300, Issue:6719 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1990
Aerosol therapy in AIDS. Lung, 1990, Volume: 168 Suppl Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; Dose-Response Relationship	1990
[Prevention of pneumocystosis with pentamidine aerosols]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1990, Nov-17, Volume: 19, Issue:38 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; P	1990
Inhaled pentamidine. An overview of its pharmacological properties and a review of its therapeutic use in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Drugs, 1990, Volume: 39, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1990
[Use of pentamidine in protozoan diseases]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Humans; Leishmaniasis; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Protozoan Infections; Trypanosomiasis,	1990
[Unwanted drug side effects with pentamidine inhalation]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; Pe	1990
Disseminated Pneumocystis carinii in a patient receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. The Western journal of medicine, 1990, Volume: 153, Issue:1 Topics: Aerosols; HIV Seropositivity; Humans; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Necrosis; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pn	1990
Glucocorticoid therapy for severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The Journal of infection, 1990, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Glucocorticoids; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Methylprednisolone; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumo	1990
[Consensus conference: pneumocystosis in HIV infections. 1st consensus conference in anti-infection therapeutics organized by "la Société de Pathologie Infectieuse de langue française", May 11, 1990]. Revue de pneumologie clinique, 1990, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Dapsone; France; HIV Infections; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; Pentamid	1990
[Aerosol-pentamidine for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: development and 4-year personal experiences]. Pneumologie (Stuttgart, Germany), 1990, Volume: 44, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Age	1990
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Archives of internal medicine, 1990, Volume: 150, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Animals; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; Pentamidine; Pneumoni	1990
AIDS and parasitic infections, including Pneumocystis carinii and cryptosporidiosis. Pediatric clinics of North America, 1985, Volume: 32, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antiprotozoa	1985
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia--a review]. Immunitat und Infektion, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant	1986
Recent developments in the therapy and management of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. AIDS clinical review, 1989 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumon	1989
Outpatient diagnosis and treatment of AIDS-related pulmonary infections. Comprehensive therapy, 1989, Volume: 15, Issue:12 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Ambulatory Care; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Humans; Mycobacteri	1989
Prophylaxis of AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs). AIDS clinical review, 1989 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Cryptococcosis; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Dapsone; Drug Combin	1989
Pentamidine for the prevention and treatment of P. carinii pneumonia. American family physician, 1989, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Aerosols; Amidines; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1989
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: pathophysiology, therapy, and prevention. Seminars in respiratory infections, 1989, Volume: 4, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Dapsone; Diet; Drug Combinations; Humans; Oxygen Inhal	1989
Aerosolized pentamidine in HIV. Promising new treatment for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Postgraduate medicine, 1989, Volume: 86, Issue:2 Topics: Aerosols; Amidines; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Child; Drug Combinations; Female; HIV Seropositi	1989
The role of aerosolized pentamidine in management of HIV-related Pneumocystis carinii pulmonary infections. DICP : the annals of pharmacotherapy, 1989, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1989
Pentamidine. The British journal of clinical practice, 1989, Volume: 43, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Humans; Nebuli	1989
Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Seminars in respiratory infections, 1989, Volume: 4, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug Combinations; Humans; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Pentamidin	1989
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: therapy and prophylaxis. The Journal of infectious diseases, 1988, Volume: 158, Issue:1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy,	1988
Treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AIDS (London, England), 1988, Volume: 2 Suppl 1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antiprotozoal Agents; Clinical Trials a	1988
Update on pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Clinical pharmacy, 1988, Volume: 7, Issue:7 Topics: Amidines; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1988
Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics, 1988, Oct-07, Volume: 30, Issue:776 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneum	1988
Aerosol pentamidine. Annals of internal medicine, 1988, Dec-01, Volume: 109, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Amidines; Animals; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pne	1988
Pentamidine therapy in renal failure: case report and literature review. Drug intelligence & clinical pharmacy, 1988, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Amidines; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; Peritoneal Dialysis; Pneu	1988
[Refractory respiratory tract infections. 9. Chemotherapy of recent respiratory tract infections. e. Pneumocystis carinii infection]. Nihon rinsho. Japanese journal of clinical medicine, 1987, Volume: 45, Issue:3 Topics: Amidines; Drug Combinations; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis;	1987
Pentamidine isethionate. A review of its antiprotozoal activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Drugs, 1987, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Amidines; Antiprotozoal Agents; Humans; Kinetics; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis	1987
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Frontiers of radiation therapy and oncology, 1985, Volume: 19 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug Combinations; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumoc	1985
[Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Der Internist, 1985, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Animals; Antibodies; Antimalarials; Child; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Huma	1985
Pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other protozoal diseases. Annals of internal medicine, 1985, Volume: 103, Issue:5 Topics: Amidines; Humans; Leishmaniasis; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Protozoan Infections; Trypano	1985
[Pneumocystis carinii infections]. Archives francaises de pediatrie, 1985, Volume: 42 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Child; Drug Combinations; France; History, 20th Century; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pn	1985

Article	Year
In Vitro and In Vivo Comparison of Two Nebulizers Used for Inhaled Pentamidine Delivery. Archivos de bronconeumologia, 2017, Volume: 53, Issue:12 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Aerosols; Antifungal Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Humans; In Vitro Techni	2017
A prospective study of intravenous pentamidine for PJP prophylaxis in adult patients undergoing intensive chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Bone marrow transplantation, 2018, Volume: 53, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Drug Therapy; Hematologic Neoplasms; Hematopoi	2018
Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. A comparative trial of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim v pentamidine in pediatric patients with cancer: report from the Children's Cancer Study Group. American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1984, Volume: 138, Issue:11 Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Amidines; Child; Child, Preschool; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug	1984
Effects of aerosolized pentamidine on glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in HIV-positive patients: a controlled study. AIDS (London, England), 1995, Volume: 9, Issue:8 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; C-Peptide; Cross	1995
Lower survival in AIDS patients receiving dapsone compared with aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Study Group. The Journal of infectious diseases, 1995, Volume: 172, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dapsone;	1995
Pentamidine aerosol versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1995, Volume: 151, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1995
Pentamidine aerosol versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1995, Volume: 151, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1995
Pentamidine aerosol versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1995, Volume: 151, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1995
Pentamidine aerosol versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for Pneumocystis carinii in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1995, Volume: 151, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Double-Blind Method; Female; Huma	1995
Dapsone/pyrimethamine may prevent mycobacterial disease in immunosuppressed patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1995, Volume: 20, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; HIV Infections; HIV-1; Huma	1995
Once-weekly administration of dapsone/pyrimethamine vs. aerosolized pentamidine as combined prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1995, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Animals; Dapsone; Drug Adm	1995
Administration of pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1995, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Drug Therapy,	1995
Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and of cerebral toxoplasmosis by roxithromycin in HIV-infected patients. Infection, 1995, Volume: 23 Suppl 1 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Candidiasis; Digestive System; Drug Therapy, Combinati	1995
Aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. The American journal of medicine, 1995, Volume: 98, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Aged; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pn	1995
The use of aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with leukemia. Pediatric pulmonology, 1994, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Aerosols; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Immunosuppr	1994
A randomized trial of three antipneumocystis agents in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1995, Mar-16, Volume: 332, Issue:11 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; CD4 Lymphocyte Count;	1995
The role of atovaquone tablets in treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1995, Mar-01, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Antiprotozoal Agents; Atovaquone;	1995
Safety and efficacy of thymopentin in zidovudine (AZT)-treated asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1995, Mar-01, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Disease Progression; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Microbial; D	1995
Oral atovaquone compared with intravenous pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Atovaquone Study Group. Annals of internal medicine, 1994, Aug-01, Volume: 121, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Female; Humans; Male; M	1994
Aerosolized pentamidine as primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: efficacy, mortality and morbidity. AIDS (London, England), 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:7 Topics: Absenteeism; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infecti	1994
[Clindamycin-primaquine in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica, 1994, Volume: 12, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Clindamycin; Drug Eruptions; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pn	1994
Randomized trial of dapsone and aerosolized pentamidine for the prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis. The American journal of medicine, 1993, Volume: 95, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dapsone; Encephalitis; Female; Humans; Male;	1993
Four different regimens for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasma encephalitis in HIV-infected patients. AIDS (London, England), 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up	1994
Aerosolized pentamidine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a controlled, randomized trial. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1993, Volume: 6, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; CD	1993
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus aerosolized pentamidine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. LFPMI Study Group. Ligue Française de Prévention des Maladies Infectieuses. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1994, Volume: 7, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Female; Follow-Up Studies; HIV Infections; H	1994
Successful Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis using aerosolized pentamidine in children with acute leukemia. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 1994, Volume: 12, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Aerosols; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Immunosuppressive	1994
Prophylaxis of aerosolized pentamidine-induced bronchospasm: a symptom-based approach. The American journal of the medical sciences, 1993, Volume: 306, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Bronchial Spasm;	1993
A randomized comparison of once-monthly or twice-monthly high-dose aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. Chest, 1993, Volume: 104, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Drug Administra	1993
Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AIDS (London, England), 1993, Volume: 7, Issue:8 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pn	1993
Primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a randomized trial comparing cotrimoxazole, aerosolized pentamidine and dapsone plus pyrimethamine. AIDS (London, England), 1993, Volume: 7, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Dapsone; Drug Therapy, Co	1993
The relative efficacy of oral dapsone and nebulized pentamidine as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AIDS (London, England), 1993, Volume: 7, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Aerosols; Dapsone; Humans; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Pentamidine; Pneumonia,	1993
Dapsone-pyrimethamine compared with aerosolized pentamidine as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmosis in HIV infection. The PRIO Study Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1993, May-27, Volume: 328, Issue:21 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Complex; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Dapsone; Drug Combinations; Ence	1993
Randomized study of sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim versus aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases, 1995, Volume: 27, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic	1995
Aerosolized pentamidine, cotrimoxazole and dapsone-pyrimethamine for primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis. AIDS (London, England), 1995, Volume: 9, Issue:12 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Animals; Anti-Infe	1995
Better efficacy of twice-monthly than monthly aerosolised pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. An Italian multicentric randomised controlled trial. The Italian PCP Study Group. The Journal of infection, 1995, Volume: 31, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; Antifungal Agents;	1995
Long-term administration of aerosolized pentamidine as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants and children with symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Italian Pediatric Collaborative Study Group on Pentamidi Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1996, Jun-01, Volume: 12, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Presch	1996
Risks and benefits of aerosolized pentamidine and cotrimoxazole in primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected patients: a two-year Italian multicentric randomized controlled trial. The Italian PCP Study Group. The Journal of infection, 1996, Volume: 32, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Female; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pn	1996
Intrapulmonary and systemic pharmacokinetics of aerosolized pentamidine used for prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 35, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Bronchoscopy; Female; Hum	1995
Intravenous pentamidine as an alternate for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis in children with HIV infection. Pediatric pulmonology. Supplement, 1997, Volume: 16 Topics: Adolescent; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Child;	1997
Clinic HIV-focused features and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Journal of general internal medicine, 1998, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti	1998
Prophylaxis for opportunistic infections among HIV-infected patients receiving medical care. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes and human retrovirology : official publication of the International Retrovirology Association, 1998, Dec-01, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Infective Agent	1998
Estimating the cost effectiveness of atovaquone versus intravenous pentamidine in the treatment of mild-to-moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. PharmacoEconomics, 1996, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Atovaquone; Costs and Cost Analysis; Decision Trees; Humans; Injections, Intraven	1996
Atovaquone suspension compared with aerosolized pentamidine for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects intolerant of trimethoprim or sulfonamides. The Journal of infectious diseases, 1999, Volume: 180, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Atovaq	1999
Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials. Statistics in medicine, 1999, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Candi	1999
Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials. Statistics in medicine, 1999, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Candi	1999
Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials. Statistics in medicine, 1999, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Candi	1999
Combining mortality and longitudinal measures in clinical trials. Statistics in medicine, 1999, Jun-15, Volume: 18, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Candi	1999
Discontinuation of primary prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus type I-infected patients: the changes in opportunistic prophylaxis study. The Journal of infectious diseases, 2000, Volume: 181, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Anti-HIV Age	2000
Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS Clinical Trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics, 2000, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Algorithms; Ant	2000
Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS Clinical Trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics, 2000, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Algorithms; Ant	2000
Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS Clinical Trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics, 2000, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Algorithms; Ant	2000
Correcting for noncompliance and dependent censoring in an AIDS Clinical Trial with inverse probability of censoring weighted (IPCW) log-rank tests. Biometrics, 2000, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Algorithms; Ant	2000
Bactrim approved for prophylaxis. AIDS patient care, 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Trimetho	1994
Comparison of pentamidine isethionate and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The Journal of pediatrics, 1978, Volume: 92, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Amidines; Child; Drug Combinations; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocyst	1978
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The New England journal of medicine, 1977, Dec-22, Volume: 297, Issue:25 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Animals; Antibody Formation; Carrier State; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Hum	1977
Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: current status of the regimens of pentamidine isethionate and pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine. National Cancer Institute monograph, 1976, Volume: 43 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Amidines; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Injec	1976
Treatment of AIDS-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with a twelve week chemotherapy program. Leukemia & lymphoma, 1992, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols;	1992
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with ciprofloxacin for the prevention of urinary tract infection in renal transplant recipients. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. The Online journal of current clinical trials, 1992, Aug-11, Volume: Doc No 15 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Ciprofloxacin; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Kidn	1992
A controlled trial of aerosolized pentamidine or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Dutch AIDS Treatment Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Dec-24, Volume: 327, Issue:26 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Drug Admin	1992
A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 021. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Dec-24, Volume: 327, Issue:26 Topics: Aerosols; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Pentamidin	1992
Oral dapsone versus nebulized pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis: an open randomized prospective trial to assess efficacy and haematological toxicity. AIDS (London, England), 1992, Volume: 6, Issue:10 Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Administration, Oral; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Bloo	1992
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a large prospective randomized treatment trial. AIDS (London, England), 1992, Volume: 6, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Injections,	1992
Prophylaxis of AIDS-related opportunistic infections (OIs). Current status and future strategies. AIDS clinical review, 1991 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Animals; Cryptococcosis; Cytomegalovirus Infections; D	1991
Low-dose co-trimoxazole, aerosolised pentamidine, or dapsone plus pyrimethamine for prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Lancet (London, England), 1991, May-11, Volume: 337, Issue:8750 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Dapsone; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneu	1991
Effect of zidovudine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis on progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Lancet (London, England), 1991, Aug-03, Volume: 338, Issue:8762 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Evaluation Studies as Topi	1991
[Pentamidine aerosol in the preventive treatment of pneumocystosis in AIDS patients. Comparison of two salts and two nebulizers]. Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983), 1991, Jun-22, Volume: 20, Issue:24 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Opportunisti	1991
Aerosol pentamidine-induced bronchoconstriction. Predictive factors and preventive therapy. Chest, 1991, Volume: 100, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Albuterol; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Bronchoconstriction; Bronchodilator Agents;	1991
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Pathophysiology and therapy. AIDS clinical review, 1991 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Aerosols; Humans; Pentamidine; Pneumoni	1991
Disseminated infection with Pneumocystis carinii related to administration of pentamidine aerosol. Archives of internal medicine, 1991, Volume: 151, Issue:8 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pne	1991
Short course of aerosol pentamidine as treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. Scandinavian journal of infectious diseases, 1991, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; Humans; Male; Middl	1991
A multicenter study of Pneumocystis choroidopathy. American journal of ophthalmology, 1991, Jul-15, Volume: 112, Issue:1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Choroid Diseases; Drug Administration Routes; Eye Infecti	1991
Current status of HIV therapy: II. Opportunistic diseases. Hospital practice (Office ed.), 1991, Mar-15, Volume: 26, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Ganciclovir; Histo	1991
First experience with pentamidine inhalation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children. European journal of pediatrics, 1991, Volume: 150, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; HIV Infections; Humans; Pentamidine	1991
Aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The San Francisco community prophylaxis trial. The New England journal of medicine, 1990, Sep-20, Volume: 323, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female;	1990
A controlled study of inhaled pentamidine for primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The New England journal of medicine, 1991, Apr-18, Volume: 324, Issue:16 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Adult; Aerosols; Aged; A	1991
Aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The American journal of medicine, 1991, Volume: 90, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; HIV Inf	1991
Aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The American journal of medicine, 1991, Volume: 90, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; HIV Inf	1991
Aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The American journal of medicine, 1991, Volume: 90, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; HIV Inf	1991
Aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. The American journal of medicine, 1991, Volume: 90, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Evaluation; Female; HIV Inf	1991
Aerosol pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of AIDS-related Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. A randomized, placebo-controlled study. Annals of internal medicine, 1991, Jun-01, Volume: 114, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Aerosols; Bronchial Spasm; Cough; Female; Follow-Up Studi	1991
[Ultrasonic nebulised pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. Kansenshogaku zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, 1991, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Aerosols; Female; Humans; Male; Pentamidine; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Retrospective Studies	1991
Aerosolized pentamidine in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Connecticut medicine, 1990, Volume: 54, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Nebulizers and Vapor	1990
Diagnostic and therapeutic technology assessment. Prophylactic treatment for opportunistic infections in HIV-positive patients: aerosolized pentamidine. JAMA, 1990, May-09, Volume: 263, Issue:18 Topics: American Medical Association; Clinical Trials as Topic; HIV Infections; Humans; Nebulizers and Vapor	1990
[Lung deposition of 300 and 600 mg pentamidine, inhaled with 3 different inhalers]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Aerosols; Double-Blind Method; HIV Infections; Humans; Lung; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; Opportunisti	1990
[Therapy of HIV associated mild and moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with 600 mg/die pentamidine aerosol. Results of a multicenter study]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; HIV Infections; Humans; Multicenter Studies as Topic; O	1990
[Treatment of mild to moderately severe Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with cotrimoxazole versus pentamidine aerosol. Preliminary results of a prospective randomized therapy study]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; HIV Infections; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Opportunist	1990
Primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by inhalation of pentamidine. Preliminary results from a placebo-controlled randomized trial. Swiss Group for Clinical Studies on AIDS. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; HIV Infections; Humans; Opportunistic Infections; Pentamidine; Pneumonia	1990
[Randomized comparative study of secondary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Female; HIV Seropositivity; H	1990
[Preventive pentamidine inhalation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with immune deficiency. Preliminary evaluation of a multicenter study]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aged; Female; HIV Infections;	1990
Inhaled or intravenous pentamidine therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. A randomized trial. Annals of internal medicine, 1990, Aug-01, Volume: 113, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Drug Administration Schedule;	1990
Intravenous or inhaled pentamidine for treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. A randomized trial. Annals of internal medicine, 1990, Aug-01, Volume: 113, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Female; Humans; Infusions, In	1990
Acute pulmonary effects of aerosolized pentamidine. A randomized controlled study. Toronto Aerosolized Pentamidine Study (TAPS) Group. Chest, 1990, Volume: 98, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aerosols; Bronchial Spasm; Cough; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Lung; Male; Pentamidin	1990
Alveolar targeting of aerosol pentamidine. Toward a rational delivery system. The American review of respiratory disease, 1990, Volume: 141, Issue:4 Pt 1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; Cough; Humans; Male	1990
[Comparison of the effect of 2 therapy concepts in the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Cotrimoxazole for 21 days versus sequential therapy with cotrimoxazole followed by pentamidine inhalation]. Medizinische Klinik (Munich, Germany : 1983), 1990, Volume: 85 Suppl 2 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1990
Oral therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus trimethoprim-dapsone. The New England journal of medicine, 1990, Sep-20, Volume: 323, Issue:12 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Oral; Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Inj	1990
Pulmonary deposition of nebulised pentamidine isethionate: effect of nebuliser type, dose, and volume of fill. Thorax, 1990, Volume: 45, Issue:6 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Drug Administration Schedule; Humans; Lung; Nebulizers and Vapor	1990
Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia relapse by pentamidine aerosol in zidovudine-treated AIDS patients. Lancet (London, England), 1989, Jun-17, Volume: 1, Issue:8651 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Aerosols; Amidines; Analysis	1989
Pentamidine aerosol to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics, 1989, Oct-06, Volume: 31, Issue:802 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Amidines; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Clinical Trials	1989
Simple nebuliser modification to enhance alveolar deposition of pentamidine. Lancet (London, England), 1989, Oct-21, Volume: 2, Issue:8669 Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Equipment Design; HIV Seropositivity; Nebulize	1989
Aerosolized pentamidine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Annals of internal medicine, 1989, Apr-15, Volume: 110, Issue:8 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Aerosols; Amidines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Pentamidin	1989
From the Food and Drug Administration. JAMA, 1989, Jul-14, Volume: 262, Issue:2 Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Amidines; Anemia; Antimalarials; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colonic Neoplasms; Erythr	1989
Treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. AIDS (London, England), 1988, Volume: 2 Suppl 1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Antiprotozoal Agents; Clinical Trials a	1988
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with pentamidine for treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective, noncrossover study. Annals of internal medicine, 1988, Aug-15, Volume: 109, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amidines; Drug Combinations; Hematologic Diseases; Humans	1988
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A prospective randomized trial. Annals of internal medicine, 1986, Volume: 105, Issue:1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amidines; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Combinations; Dy	1986
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the patient with AIDS. Chest, 1985, Volume: 88, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Animals; Bronchoscopy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dapsone; Drug C	1985

pentamidine and Pneumonia, Pneumocystis

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (764)

Authors

Clinical Trials (19)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Queener, SF	1
Donkor, IO	1
Tidwell, RR	11
Jones, SK	5
Lombardy, RL	1
Tanious, FA	2
Ramachandran, K	1
Wilson, WD	4
Boykin, DW	4
Kumar, A	2
Xiao, G	1
Bender, BC	3
McCurdy, DR	2
Hall, JE	8
Hopkins, KT	1
Bajic, M	1
Francesconi, I	1
McCurdy, D	1
Vanden Eynde, JJ	2
Mayence, A	2
Huang, TL	2
Collins, MS	2
Rebholz, S	2
Walzer, PD	4
Cushion, MT	3
Rahmathullah, SM	1
Cantarelli, L	1
Gutiérrez Nicolás, F	1
Nazco Casariego, GJ	1
García Gil, S	1
Hasegawa, M	1
Ito, Y	1
Osugi, Y	1
Hashimoto, M	1
Hashimoto, N	1
Yano, K	1
McCollam, S	1
Lewis, JS	1
Bubalo, J	1
Diaz, A	1