pectins and Ulcer

A number of natural polymer-based drug delivery systems targeting the colon are reported for different applications. Most of the research is based on the class of natural polymers such as polysaccharides. This study compares the anti-inflammatory effect of different polysaccharide based tablets on IBD when a drug carrier is targeted to the colon as matrix and coated systems.. The TNBS induced IBD Wistar rats were used as a model for the study. The microscopic and macroscopic parameters were studied in detail. Almost all the important IBD parameters were reported in this work.. The results demonstrated that the polysaccharides are efficient in carrying the drugs to the colon. Reduction in the level of ulcer index (UI), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Malondialdehyde MDA, confirmed the inhibitory activity on the development of Reactive oxygen species (ROS). The increased level of Tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) an expression of colonic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was lowered in treatments as compared to TNBS control.. The different polymer-based mesalamine (DPBM) confirmed the efficient anti- inflammatory activity on IBD induced rats. The increased level of glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) also confirmed the effective anti-inflammatory effect. A significant decrease in the ulcer score and ulcer area was reported. The investigation revealed that chitosan is superior to pectin in IBD treatment likewise polysaccharide-based matrix systems are superior to the coated system.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Chitosan; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Mesalamine; Pectins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid; Ulcer

How to prevent the small intestinal damage induced by NSAIDs is an urgent issue to be resolved. In the present study, we examined the effects of soluble dietary fibers on both anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic effects of indomethacin in arthritic rats.. Male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were used. Arthritis was induced by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant (killed M. tuberculosis) into the plantar region of the right hindpaw. The animals were fed a regular powder diet for rats or a diet supplemented with soluble dietary fibers such as pectin or guar gum. Indomethacin was administered once a day for 3 days starting 14 days after the adjuvant injection, when marked arthritis was observed. The volumes of the hindpaw were measured before and after indomethacin treatment to evaluate the effect of indomethacin on edema. The lesions in the small intestine were examined 24 h after the final dosing of indomethacin.. Hindpaw volume was increased about 3 times 14 days after injection of the adjuvant. Indomethacin (3-10 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased hindpaw volume dose-dependently, but caused severe lesions in the small intestine at doses of 6 and 10 mg/kg. The addition of pectin (1-10 %) or guar gum (10 %) to the diet markedly decreased the lesion formation without affecting the anti-edema action of indomethacin. The same effects of pectin were observed when indomethacin was administered subcutaneously.. It is suggested that soluble dietary fibers can prevent intestinal damage induced by NSAIDs without affecting the anti-inflammatory effect of these agents.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Cytoprotection; Dietary Fiber; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Freund's Adjuvant; Galactans; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Joints; Male; Mannans; Pectins; Plant Gums; Rats, Wistar; Solubility; Time Factors; Ulcer

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Experimental; Dietary Fiber; Galactans; Indomethacin; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Joints; Male; Mannans; Pectins; Plant Gums; Ulcer

Recent progress in endoscopic techniques has revealed that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) often cause ulcers in the small intestine in humans, but effective therapy is not available at present. In the present study, we investigated the effects of feeding condition and the amount of dietary fiber (DF) in the diet on the formation of gastrointestinal ulcers induced by NSAIDs in dogs. Several types of diets containing various percentages of DF were given to dogs. Indomethacin (1 or 3 mg/kg, p.o.), ketoprofen (2 mg/kg, s.c.), or fulnixin (1 mg/kg, s.c.) was administered once daily at 10 a.m. after a morning meal or without a morning meal (fasted condition) for 3 - 7 days. Gastrointestinal lesions were examined 24 h after the final dose of the drugs. When indomethacin (3 mg/kg) was administered after a morning meal (fed condition) for 7 days, it produced many lesions in the small intestine. However, when it was given in the fasted condition without the morning meal, the lesions were markedly decreased. All the NSAIDs given after feeding of regular dry food containing 6% DF once a day for 3 days produced many lesions in the small intestine. The lesions were decreased or increased in dogs given prescription diets containing low DF (1.1%) and high DF (15.4%), respectively. Furthermore, lesions were not observed in dogs given canned diet containing very low DF (< 0.1%), whereas lesions appeared again in dogs given canned diet supplemented with cellulose (3 or 10%) but not with pectin (10%). These results suggested that both feeding condition and insoluble DF, such as cellulose in the diet, play an important role in the formation of NSAID-induced small intestinal lesions, and that a diet with no or low amounts of DF may decrease gastrointestinal side-effects associated with the use of NSAIDs.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cellulose; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Supplements; Dogs; Female; Indomethacin; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Small; Ketoprofen; Male; Pectins; Stomach; Stomach Diseases; Ulcer

Topics: Animals; Colonic Diseases; Diarrhea; Male; Pectins; Rabbits; Sulfates; Ulcer

Topics: Anticoagulants; Heparin; Humans; Pectins; Thrombophlebitis; Ulcer; Varicose Ulcer; Varicose Veins; Veins

Topics: Humans; Pectins; Peptic Ulcer; Ulcer