pectins and Fish-Diseases

In this study, we demonstrate the enhanced disease resistance and positive immunomodulation of novel pectin isolated from Spirulina maxima (SmP) in zebrafish model. Zebrafish larvae exposed to SmP had significantly (p < 0.05) higher cumulative percent survival (CPS) at 25 (44.0%) and 50 μg/mL (67.0%) against Edwardsiella piscicida compared to the control. However, upon Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, SmP exposed larvae at 50 μg/mL had slightly higher CPS (33.3%) compared to control group (26.7%). SmP supplemented zebrafish exhibited the higher CPS against E. piscicida (93.3%) and A. hydrophila (60.0%) during the early stage of post-infection (<18 hpi). qRT-PCR results demonstrated that exposing (larvae) and feeding (adults) of SmP, drive the modulation of a wide array of immune response genes. In SmP exposed larvae, up-regulation of the antimicrobial enzyme (lyz: 3.5-fold), mucin (muc5.1: 2.84, muc5.2: 2.11 and muc5.3: 2.40-fold), pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β: 1.79-fold) and anti-oxidants (cat: 2.87 and sod1: 1.82-fold) were identified. In SmP fed adult zebrafish (gut) showed >2-fold induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (il1β) and chemokines (cxcl18b, ccl34a.4 and ccl34b.4). Overall results confirmed the positive modulation of innate immune responses in larval stage and it could be the main reason for developing disease resistance against E. piscicida and A. hydrophila. Thus, non-toxic, natural and biodegradable SmP could be considered as the potential immunomodulatory agent for sustainable aquaculture.

Topics: Aeromonas hydrophila; Animal Feed; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Cyanobacteria; Diet; Dietary Proteins; Dietary Supplements; Disease Resistance; Edwardsiella; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Fish Diseases; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Immunity, Innate; Pectins; Zebrafish

The present study investigates the effects of orange peels derived pectin (OPDP) on skin mucus and serum immune parameters, disease resistance and growth performance of O. niloticus cultured under indoor biofloc system. Six hundred Nile tilapia (average weight 9.09 ± 0.05 g) were distributed into 15 fiber tanks (300 L per tank) assigned to five treatments repeated in triplicate. Fish were fed experimental diets contain different levels OPDP as follows: 0 (control in clear water), 0 (control in biofloc system), 5, 10, and 20 g kg

Topics: Animals; Cichlids; Citrus sinensis; Complement Pathway, Alternative; Disease Resistance; Fish Diseases; Fruit; Immunity, Innate; Mucus; Muramidase; Pectins; Peroxidases; Phagocytosis; Respiratory Burst; Skin; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus agalactiae