oxytocin and Rupture--Spontaneous

The objective of the present study was to evaluate in penned sows the effect of two commercial oxytocin products on umbilical cord pathology, degree of asphyxia and intra-partum mortality. This study included 120 sows divided in three groups of 40 animals with eight animals for parities one to five per subgroup, respectively. Group 1 (G(1)) or control received saline solution while oxytocin groups (G(2)) and (G(3)) were injected at the onset of fetal expulsion with two oxytocin products. The doses of oxytocin were as follow: Primiparous sows weighing less than 130 kg received 20 IU; multiparous sows weighing 130-180 g received 30 IU, and those above 250 kg, 40 IU. Piglets born alive and/or dead were classified at birth using a subjective scale based on the degree of meconium staining on skin. Umbilical cords of intra-partum stillbirths (IPS) were classified as adhered or ruptured and subdivided into four categories: without pathological changes, edematous, congested and hemorrhagic. Result analyses revealed significant differences (P < 0.01) between groups 1 and 2, and 1 and 3 regarding the following traits: expulsion interval (min) (X: G(1) 27.7; G(2) 22.6; G(3) 22.2), IPS with a severe stain degree (X: G(1) 0.10; G(2) 0.45; G(3) 0.50), IPS with ruptured umbilical cords (X: G(1) 0.07; G(2) 0.42; G(3) 0.47), and detectable heartbeats in IPS (X: G(1) 0.27; G(2) 0.25; G(3) 0.22). Treatment with oxytocin reduced the duration of the expulsion of the fetus, increased the number of IPS with ruptured umbilical cords and with severe meconium-stain degree and reduced the number of fetuses with inspiration attempts. Furthermore, the use of this hormone increased the need for obstetric assistance due to increased frequency of dystocia.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Dystocia; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Hypoxia; Housing, Animal; Oxytocin; Parity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Rupture, Spontaneous; Swine; Swine Diseases; Umbilical Cord

Spontaneous pre-labour rupture of membranes (SPROM) at term is one of the most common complications of pregnancy. It is an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly because it is associated with a latency period from membrane rupture to delivery.. To compare the outcome of labour in women who had immediate induction of labour, with those who had delayed induction following SPROM at term.. A prospective case control study of 200 women who had either immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprostol tablets, or delayed induction with intravenous oxytocin infusion after an expectant period of 12 hours, at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. The outcome of labour was compared in the two groups using the Z test and Chi square test, while, p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were also determined where appropriate.. Immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprotol resulted in lower rates of caesarean section and operative vaginal delivery, with a higher rate of spontaneous vaginal delivery. The duration of latent phase of labour and hospital stay before delivery was statistically significantly shorter in the immediate induction group. Neonatal and maternal morbidity were insignificant and comparable between the two groups.. Immediate induction of labour with intravaginal misoprotol resulted in significantly lower rates of intervention without compromising fetomaternal outcome. We recommend the immediate induction of labour with proper use of intravaginal misoprotol in women with SPROM at term.

Topics: Administration, Intravaginal; Adolescent; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Cervical Ripening; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture; Hospitals, Teaching; Humans; Labor, Induced; Length of Stay; Misoprostol; Nigeria; Oxytocics; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prospective Studies; Rupture, Spontaneous; Time Factors; Young Adult

Oxytocin and vetrabutin chlorhydrate (VC) are used to reduce the duration of farrowing in swine. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of these products on intra-partum stillbirth (IPS) rate and asphyxia. At the onset of parturition, sows (n=180) were allocated to receive 2 mL of saline (control group), oxytocin (40 IU i.m.) or 100mg of VC per 60 kg of body weight, with all treatments given i.m. Oytocin-treated sows had a higher number of IPS than the VC and Control groups (means, 1.2, 0.8 and 0.6, respectively; P<0.001), and the highest percentage of ruptured umbilical cords (76.0, 9.4 and 37.5%; P<0.003). There were differences among groups for duration of farrowing (means, 163.0, 211.2 and 306.9 min in the oxytocin, VC and control groups; P<0.001), interval between piglets (13.9, 19.2 and 28.1 min; P<0.001), and in IPS, the incidence of ruptured umbilical cords was 76.0, 9.4 and 37.5% (P<0.003) and absence of a fetal heartbeat was 53.3, 16.9 and 12.5% (P<0.05). Although oxytocin decreased both duration of farrowing and interval between piglets by approximately 50% relative to control sows, it resulted in a significantly higher rate of IPS, in association with a much higher incidence of ruptured umbilical cord and absence of a fetal heartbeat. Treatment with VC reduced farrowing duration by approximately 1.5h, with an IPS rate that was not significantly different from controls but significantly lower than that of oxytocin-treated sows.

Topics: Animals; Asphyxia; Female; Oxytocin; Parturition; Pregnancy; Rupture, Spontaneous; Stillbirth; Swine; Swine Diseases; Time Factors; Umbilical Cord; Uterine Contraction

To evaluate the symptoms and signs of scar rupture with special reference to intrauterine pressure measurement a retrospective analysis of labour records of those women who had trial of labour with a previous Caesarean scar in the National University Hospital over a period of 6 years (1985-1990) was carried out. Known symptoms and signs associated with scar rupture, cardiotocographic tracings and fetal and maternal outcome in these patients were studied. Of the 1,018 women with previous Caesarean scar (4.2% of our pregnant population at term) 722 (70.9%) had trial of labour; 70% delivered vaginally. There were 4 (0.55%) incomplete and 5 (0.69%) complete scar ruptures. All 9 women had an oxytocin infusion; 3 were diagnosed postdelivery (all 3 had complete ruptures); 3 of the 6 who had rupture prior to delivery had sudden reduction in uterine activity, 1 had scar pain and prolonged bradycardia and 2 had no symptoms or signs. Continuous cardiotocography with intrauterine pressure measurements may help to identify scar rupture early and may be of value especially in those who have an oxytocin infusion.

Topics: Apgar Score; Birth Weight; Cardiotocography; Cesarean Section; Cicatrix; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Obstetric Labor Complications; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Retrospective Studies; Rupture, Spontaneous; Trial of Labor; Uterine Rupture; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean

Topics: Cesarean Section; Cicatrix; Female; Humans; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Rupture, Spontaneous; Uterine Rupture

A case of pregnancy in an unattached rudimentary uterine horn is presented. The pregnancy carried to term, ruptured without causing shock, resulted in fetal demise, and was discovered 6 weeks later at laparotomy. Some of the factors associated with rudimentary uterine horns are discussed.

Topics: Adult; Clindamycin; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Pregnancy, Ectopic; Prostaglandins E; Rupture, Spontaneous; Uterus

Topics: Adult; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Oxytocin; Parity; Pregnancy; Rupture, Spontaneous; Vaginal Diseases

Topics: Adult; Cesarean Section; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Hysterectomy; Maternal Age; Maternal Mortality; Obstetric Labor Complications; Oxytocin; Parity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rupture, Spontaneous; Surgical Wound Dehiscence; Uterine Rupture; Uterus

Topics: Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Labor, Induced; Labor, Obstetric; Obstetric Labor Complications; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Rectovaginal Fistula; Rupture, Spontaneous; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Vagina