oxytocin and Ovarian-Cysts

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with metabolic disorders, which are exacerbated by obesity. Recent studies have revealed that oxytocin contributes to metabolic, appetite, and body weight regulation. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of chronic administration of oxytocin on body weight, food intake, and fat mass in a dihydrotestosterone-induced rat model of PCOS. Body weight, body weight change, and relative cumulative food intake were significantly lower in the oxytocin-treated PCOS rats than in the vehicle-treated control PCOS rats. Similarly, visceral adipocyte size was significantly smaller in the oxytocin-treated PCOS rats than in the vehicle-treated control PCOS rats. On the other hand, the numbers of cystic follicles in the ovary did not differ between the two groups. The chronic administration of oxytocin did not affect the rats' serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, or lactate dehydrogenase levels, indicating that it does not have adverse effects on hepatic function. These findings suggest that oxytocin could be a candidate drug for preventing the onset of obesity-related metabolic disorders in PCOS patients.

Topics: Adipocytes; Alanine Transaminase; Androgens; Animals; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Body Weight; Cell Size; Dihydrotestosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Eating; Female; Intra-Abdominal Fat; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary; Oxytocics; Oxytocin; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Rats

Uterine strips were collected from cows during the follicular and the luteal phases as well as from cows with ovarian cysts. The strips were mounted in organ baths and the motility was recorded by a polygraph. After the spontaneous motility of the strips had reached a steady state the test substances PGF2 alpha and oxytocin were added to the bath at three different concentrations. Frequency, amplitude and duration of the spontaneous uterine concentrations were irregular in all strips recorded independent of reproductive stage. The spontaneous activity was most pronounced during the follicular phase. The variation between animals was greatest for cystic cows. PGF2 alpha always increased the activity of the uterus but the response was not dose related above a certain level (50 ng per ml bath fluid). Oxytocin on the other hand had a linear stimulatory effect for increasing doses (0.25, 2.5 and 25 mIU per ml bath fluid).

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Estrus; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Ovarian Cysts; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Prostaglandins F; Uterine Contraction

Serum progesterone was measured by competitive protein binding assay at regular intervals up to 24 hours after delivery in 4 normal pregnancies. In 6 cases of hydatidiform mole, serum progesterone was assayed before and at regular intervals up to 48 hours after uterine evacuation or hysterectomy. Serum progesterone dropped rapidly by more than 50% during the first hour postpartum, and it was less than 25% of the predelivery levels 24 hours after parturition. In all 6 cases of molar pregnancies, serum progesterone fell rapidly within the first few hours after uterine evacuation. In the presence of theca lutein cysts (2 cases), serum progesterone fell much more slowly than in the absence of theca lutein cysts after removal of the mole tissue. Serum progesterone was less than 5mg/ml after total hysterectomy of uterine evacuation in moles without theca lutein cysts. These findings suggest that while the placenta is the principal source of elevated serum progesterone in normal pregnancy, the molar trophoblast is the principal source of elevated serum progesterone in hydatidiform mole, with the theca lutein cysts making a contribution when they are present.

Topics: Abortion, Induced; Abortion, Spontaneous; Binding, Competitive; Chromatography; Chromatography, Gel; Curettage; Delivery, Obstetric; Dilatation; Female; Humans; Hydatidiform Mole; Hysterectomy; Male; Ovarian Cysts; Oxytocin; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Protein Binding; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cysts; Endometrium; Estrus; Female; Genitalia, Female; Hyperplasia; Ovarian Cysts; Ovary; Oviducts; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Uterine Diseases

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Corpus Luteum; Estrus; Female; Ovarian Cysts; Ovarian Follicle; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Progesterone