oxytocin and Kidney-Diseases

Topics: Diabetes Insipidus; Endocrine System Diseases; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Male; Neurophysins; Osmolar Concentration; Oxytocin; Pituitary Function Tests; Polyuria; Radioimmunoassay; Vasopressins

Oxidative stress significantly contributes to cisplatin (CP)-associated cytotoxicity, and use of antioxidants could counteract such cytotoxic effects of CP. The major biochemical pathway for reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation proceeds through O₂⁻ production, which is generated by NADPH oxidase, such oxidative stress can activate p38 MAPK to intensify the cytotoxic effect of CP. We mainly aimed to study the protective effect of oxytocin (OT) on CP-induced nephrotoxicity whereas; it was previously shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in different inflammation models. Administration of OT significantly decreased the gene expression of both NADPH oxidase and P38 MAPK, nitric oxide (NO), myloperoxidase (MPO), and TBARS, furthermore it increased the renal tissue levels of antioxidants; reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histologically, OT reduced the monocellular infiltration as well as the tubular damage in CP-induced nephrotoxicity. In conclusion OT has a powerful antioxidant effect that can alleviate the CP-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of NADPH oxidase and P38 MAPK resulting in improvement of kidney functions.

Topics: Animals; Cisplatin; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Induction; Kidney Cortex; Kidney Diseases; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; NADPH Oxidases; Nitric Oxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Oxytocin; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Peroxidase; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Oxytocin was previously shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in different inflammation models. The major objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective role of oxytocin (OT) in protecting the kidney against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.. Male Wistar albino rats (250-300 g) were unilaterally nephrectomized, and subjected to 45 min of renal pedicle occlusion followed by 6 h of reperfusion. OT (1 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle was administered 15 min prior to ischemia and was repeated immediately before the reperfusion period. At the end of the reperfusion period, rats were decapitated and kidney samples were taken for histological examination or determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of lipid peroxidation; glutathione (GSH), a key antioxidant; and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an index of tissue neutrophil infiltration. Creatinine and urea concentrations in blood were measured for the evaluation of renal function, while TNF-alpha and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined to evaluate generalized tissue damage. Formation of reactive oxygen species in renal tissue samples was monitored by chemiluminescence technique using luminol and lucigenin probes.. The results revealed that I/R injury increased (p<0.01-0.001) serum urea, creatinine, TNF-alpha and LDH levels, as well as MDA, MPO and reactive oxygen radical levels in the renal tissue, while decreasing renal GSH content. However, alterations in these biochemical and histopathological indices due to I/R injury were attenuated by OT treatment (p<0.05-0.001).. Since OT administration improved renal function and microscopic damage, along with the alleviation of oxidant tissue responses, it appears that oxytocin protects renal tissue against I/R-induced oxidative damage.

Topics: Animals; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Glutathione; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Malondialdehyde; Oxytocin; Peroxidase; Protective Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reperfusion Injury; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Urea

Water diuresis was induced in six patients in mid-pregnancy. Three were then given oxytocin and the remainder prostaglandin F(2)alpha (PGF(2)alpha), both drugs being infused intravenously in doses used to induce labour at term. Pronounced antidiuresis occurred with oxytocin, whereas PGF(2)alpha showed no such effect. The probable absence of any risk of water intoxication when using PGF(2)alpha in inducing labour may be of particular value when maternal pre-eclampsia or renal disease is present.

Topics: Abortion, Legal; Diuresis; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney Diseases; Labor, Induced; Oxytocin; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prostaglandins; Water Intoxication

Topics: Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Muscle Contraction; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Oxytocin; Parity; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Uterus

Topics: Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Kidney Cortex Necrosis; Kidney Diseases; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Oxytocin; Pregnancy; Renal Artery Obstruction; Thrombosis

Topics: Abortion, Therapeutic; Adult; Cardiovascular Diseases; Catheterization; Curettage; Female; Humans; Hysterectomy; Kidney Diseases; Mental Disorders; New York; Oxytocin; Rubella; Sterilization, Reproductive; Tuberculosis

Topics: Abruptio Placentae; Castration; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Humans; Ischemia; Kidney; Kidney Cortex Necrosis; Kidney Diseases; Necrosis; Ovary; Oxytocin; Pharmacology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Progesterone; Rats; Research; Toxicology

Topics: Castration; Humans; Kidney Cortex Necrosis; Kidney Diseases; Male; Orchiectomy; Oxytocin

Topics: Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Oxytocin; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Gland, Posterior