oxytocin and Brain-Neoplasms

Topics: Adrenal Glands; Animals; Arginine Vasopressin; Brain Neoplasms; Cricetinae; Female; Gonads; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Indoles; Male; Melatonin; Mental Disorders; Mesocricetus; Mice; Oxytocin; Pineal Gland; Pinealoma; Quail; Rats; Thyroid Gland; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine; Vasotocin

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Depression, Chemical; Feedback; Humans; Hypertonic Solutions; Nicotine; Osmolar Concentration; Oxytocin; Pituitary Function Tests; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Sodium; Urine; Vasopressins; Water-Electrolyte Balance

A noncoding RNA, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), is upregulated in several malignant tumors. Its expression in neuroblastoma, however, is not known, and the regulatory mechanisms of MALAT1 gene expression have not been elucidated. The aim of this study is to clarify how MALAT1 gene expression is altered by extracellular signals in the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell line and to define its proximal promoter in order to study the mechanism of MALAT1 gene expression.. Transcript amounts were analyzed by real-time semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Genes coregulated with MALAT1 were identified by DNA microarray analysis. The structure of the MALAT1 transcript was delineated using a tiling microarray, and the 5'-end was determined using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. We investigated binding of the cyclic AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) transcription factor to the MALAT1 promoter by using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) followed by tiling array analysis, and the results were confirmed using ChIP-qPCR.. The posterior pituitary hormone oxytocin increased the levels of MALAT1 and immediate early gene transcripts as early as 15 min after stimulation. Although the expression of immediate early genes returned to basal levels after 3h, MALAT1 transcript levels peaked 6-24h after stimulation. We identified a shorter transcriptional initiation site and found that CREB binds to the defined proximal promoter of the MALAT1 gene.. The expression of the tumor marker MALAT1 ncRNA is sensitive to cell surface receptor activation by oxytocin in a neuroblastoma cell line.

Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Brain Neoplasms; Calcium; Cell Line, Tumor; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Humans; Informatics; Neuroblastoma; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Oxytocin; Receptors, Oxytocin; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Neoplasm

To determine whether oxytocin (OT) could be added to the list of growth factors acting on neoplastic cells of nervous origin, we investigated the presence of oxytocin receptors (OTR) in human primary neuroblastomas and glioblastomas and related cell lines. OTR were demonstrated both at mRNA level (using a RT-PCR procedure) and at protein level (using immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence procedures). In order to clarify whether OT exerts any biological effect on these tumors through OTR, we also studied cell proliferation in 3 human neuroblastoma cell lines (SK-N-SH, SH-SY5Y, IMR-32) and one human anaplastic astrocytoma cell line (MOG-G-UVW) treated with OT 1 nM to 100 nM for 48 and 96 hr. At these doses, a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was demonstrated. This inhibition was accompanied by a significant increase in the intracellular concentration of cAMP, which we have reported to be the intracellular mediator of the OT anti-proliferative effect in breast-carcinoma cell lines. Our data indicate that specific OTR are present in human neuroblastomas and glioblastomas. Through these receptors, OT could inhibit cell proliferation and modulate tumor growth.

Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Cell Division; Cell Line; Cyclic AMP; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Glioblastoma; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Neuroblastoma; Oxytocin; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptors, Oxytocin; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Topics: Aminopeptidases; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor; Dipeptidases; Histocytochemistry; Leucine; Mice; Microscopy, Electron; Neoplasm Transplantation; Oxytocin; Peptide Hydrolases; Proline; Trypsin

Topics: Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Aged; Astrocytoma; Brain Diseases; Brain Edema; Brain Neoplasms; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Glioma; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Oxytocin