oxytetracycline--anhydrous and Malaria

Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Birds; Chloroquine; Dapsone; Humans; India; Malaria; Malaria, Avian; Mammals; Naphthoquinones; Oxytetracycline; Plasmodium; Plasmodium falciparum; Quinacrine; Rats; Reptiles

Between 1916 and 1955 the Mayo Clinic became recognized as one of the premier institutions specializing in the treatment of syphilis. First under the direction of John H. Stokes (1916-1924) and later Paul A. O'Leary (1924-1953), its Department of Dermatology and Syphilology, together with the members of the Clinical Cooperative Study Group, oversaw the establishment of standardized methods for the administration of the existing arsenicals and the introduction of new therapies. Malaria therapy, heat therapy, penicillin, and oxytetracycline each represented important advances in the treatment of syphilis and were extensively evaluated. Two important ancillary benefits of syphilis treatment were the development of routine intravenous techniques, which would later prove invaluable for the administration of antibiotics and cancer drugs, and the establishment of large cooperative clinical trials, the first of their kind. Under the leadership of Stokes and O'Leary the department produced a stream of pivotal clinical research that contributed to the effective management of syphilis in the United States.

Topics: Arsenicals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatology; History, 20th Century; Hospitals, Group Practice; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Injections, Intravenous; Malaria; Mercury; Minnesota; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Syphilis

Clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (PF) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. Parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. Pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. Apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. Cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. Other symptoms were severe headache 33.4%, pain abdomen 3.29%, gastroenteritis 5.64%, jaundice 2.58% and bronchitis in 7.50%. We encountered subconjunctival haemorrhages with purpura and/or urticaria in four cases, symptoms suggestive of shock lung in 3, pulmonary oedema in 2, severe anaemia (HB less than 4 g%) in seven pregnant ladies, extrapyramidal symptoms in follow up period in 5 and congenital malaria in 2 cases. 83.25% were cured with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. 8.47% (who deteriorated despite the above treatment) were treated with quinine for 6 days. 5.17% (with severe disease) were also given quinine as first line drug. 2.82% (unresponsive to chloroquine and oxytetracycline but with mild disease) were treated with pyrimethamine-sulphamezathine combination for 5 days. One case who did not respond to quinine was treated with quinidine. Recrudescence was seen in 3.67% of patients treated with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. There was no case with renal failure, haemolysis due to G6PD deficiency and black water fever. There was only one death (0.23%) in our series. Self-medication, haphazard therapy and the slogan "Fever may be malaria-take chloroquine" can lead to problems in falciparum malaria.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloroquine; Female; Humans; India; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Malaria; Male; Middle Aged; Oxytetracycline; Plasmodium falciparum

Two company strength exercises to Papua New Guinea produced 21 malaria casualties of whom 16 had potentially fatal falciparum infections. The chemotherapy and prevention of polyresistant malaria from Papua New Guinea and the threat posed to the Hong Kong environment regarding malaria re-introduction are discussed.

Topics: Antimalarials; Chloroquine; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Ethnicity; Hong Kong; Humans; Malaria; Male; Military Personnel; Nepal; Oxytetracycline; Papua New Guinea; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Primaquine; Proguanil; Quinine; United Kingdom

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chloroquine; Drug Combinations; Female; Humans; India; Malaria; Male; Middle Aged; Oxytetracycline; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax

Topics: Adult; Body Temperature; Chloroquine; Doxycycline; Humans; Malaria; Male; Middle Aged; Oxytetracycline; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Tetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Biopsy; Haplorhini; Liver; Malaria; Male; Oxytetracycline; Plasmodium; Plasmodium vivax; Splenectomy

Topics: Animals; Anopheles; Antimalarials; Chloroquine; Malaria; Naphthoquinones; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin G; Plasmodium vivax; Primaquine; Proguanil; Pyridines; Pyrimethamine; Quinacrine; Quinine; Quinolines; Sulfadiazine; Thiosemicarbazones

Topics: Malaria; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Malaria; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Antimalarials; Malaria; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Malaria; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Malaria; Oxytetracycline