oxytetracycline--anhydrous and Intestinal-Diseases

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) has been reported to occur commonly in dogs with signs of chronic intestinal disease. There are usually few intestinal histological changes, and it is uncertain to what extent bacteria cause mucosal damage. The aim of this study was to apply a differential sugar absorption test for intestinal permeability and function to the objective assessment of intestinal damage in dogs with SIBO. Studies were performed on 63 dogs with signs of chronic small and, or, large bowel disease, in which SIBO (greater than 10(5) total or greater than 10(4) anaerobic colony forming units/ml) was diagnosed by quantitative culture of duodenal juice obtained endoscopically. None of the dogs had evidence of intestinal pathogens, parasites, systemic disease or pancreatic insufficiency. differential sugar absorption was performed by determining the ratios of urinary recoveries of lactulose/rhamnose (L/R ratio, which reflects permeability) and D-xylose/3-O-methylglucose (X/G ratio, which reflects intestinal absorptive function) following oral administration. Dogs with SIBO comprised 28 different breeds, including 13 German shepherd dogs. SIBO was aerobic in 18/63 dogs (29 per cent), and anaerobic in 45/63 (71 per cent). Histological examination of duodenal biopsies showed no abnormalities in 75 per cent, and mild to moderate lymphocytic infiltrates in 25 per cent of the dogs. The L/R ratio was increased (greater than 0.12) in 52 per cent, and the X/G ratio reduced (less than 0.60) in 33 per cent of the dogs. Differential sugar absorption was repeated in 11 dogs after their four weeks of oral antibiotic therapy. The L/R ratio declined in all 11 dogs (mean +/- SD pre: 0.24 +/- 0.14; post: 0.16 +/- 0.11; P < 0.05), but changes in the X/G ratio were more variable. These findings show that SIBO is commonly associated with mucosal damage not detected on histological examination of intestinal biopsies, and that changes in intestinal permeability following oral antibiotics may be used to monitor response to treatment.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy; Campylobacter; Carbohydrates; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Female; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestine, Small; Intestines; Lactulose; Male; Oxytetracycline; Permeability; Rhamnose; Salmonella; Xylose

Rabbit mucoid enteritis (mucoid enteropathy) is a subacute fatal disease of weanling rabbits with unknown cause. Mucoid enteritis was experimentally produced by ligating the large intestines in rabbits. Of the rabbits with ligated cecum and those with ligated colon, 70% and 45%, respectively, had excessive production of mucus and passed large amounts of mucus with feces, closely resembling the naturally occurring mucoid enteritis. Injection of oxytetracycline into the cecum at the time of ligation prevented the development of mucoid enteritis, and injection of cholestyramine markedly reduced the frequency of the disease in the rabbits with ligated cecum.

Topics: Animals; Cecum; Cholestyramine Resin; Colon; Constipation; Enteritis; Escherichia coli; Inflammation; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Large; Ligation; Mucus; Oxytetracycline; Rabbits

Sensitivity of Shigella, pathogenic Escherichia, Proteus and Staphylococcus isolated from children with acute intestinal diseases was studied with respect to antibiotics widely used in medical practice: streptomycin, levomycetin, tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and neomycin. The antibiotic sensitivity was determined with the method of indicator discs. It was found that sensitivity of shigella was: 44 percent to streptomycin, 69.5 per cent to levomycetin, 18.5 per cent to tetracycline, 18.5 per cent to chlortetracycline, 23 per cent to oxytetracycline and 94 per cent to neomycin. Sensitivity of pathogenic Eschericia was 28, 33, 14, 14, 25 and 74 per cent, sensitivity of staphylococci was 46, 56.5, 21, 21, 31.5 and 89.5 per cent, sensitivity of Proteus was 15, 31.5, 3.5, 3.5, 7.5 and 52.5 per cent respectively. Cross resistance with respect to tetracyclines was found in all the microbes studie. Intragenera differences in the antibiotic sensitivity were observed among Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia.

Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Chloramphenicol; Chlortetracycline; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia; Georgia (Republic); Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Neomycin; Oxytetracycline; Proteus; Shigella; Species Specificity; Staphylococcus; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Genes; Intestinal Diseases; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxytetracycline; Parabiosis; Streptomycin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlortetracycline; Escherichia coli; Gastrectomy; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestines; Lactobacillus; Oxytetracycline; Postoperative Complications; Stomach; Stomach Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Drug Therapy; Enema; Enterocolitis; Intestinal Diseases; Oxytetracycline; Tannins; Toxicology

Topics: Abdomen; Abdomen, Acute; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Appendectomy; Colistin; Hernia; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Obstruction; Laparotomy; Oxytetracycline; Streptomycin

Topics: Bacteriology; Chlortetracycline; Enteritis; Enterocolitis; Intestinal Diseases; Micrococcus; Oxytetracycline; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Chloramphenicol; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Intestinal Diseases; Oxytetracycline; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Chlortetracycline; Intestinal Diseases; Intestines; Oxytetracycline; Protozoan Infections