oxytetracycline--anhydrous and Arthritis

Staphylococcus aureus is an important human and veterinary pathogen that causes economic loss in the poultry industry. This study aimed to compare therapeutic efficacy of 4 commonly used antibiotics in poultry on S. aureus-induced arthritis in broilers. Sixty broilers, 8 weeks of age, were assigned at random into 7 groups as follows: (1) negative control (n = 5); (2) vehicle control (n = 5); (3) sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, 250 ml/1000 l drinking water (n = 10); (4) oxytetracycline 20%, 1 mg/l drinking water (n = 10); (5) florfenicol 10%, 1/1000 v/v in drinking water (n = 10); (6) enrofloxacin 10%, 1/1000 v/v in drinking water (n = 10) and (7) positive control (n = 10). Birds in group 2 were injected with 1 ml of sterile TSB medium into the right tibiotarsal joint on d 0 while other birds (except group 1) were challenged with 1 ml of 1.2 × 10(10) CFU/ml suspension of S. aureus bacteria. Antibiotic therapy was started from d 4 post challenge and continued for 5 d. At the end, birds were weighed and clinical severity of arthritis was determined. After blood collection, birds were slaughtered and tibiotarsal and hip joints were evaluated grossly. The content of inflammatory exudates of tibiotarsal joint and the degree of femoral head necrosis were recorded. Mucin clot test and histopathological evaluation were performed on right tibiotarsal joint. Serum interleukin 6 was also assayed. Sulfadiazine-trimethoprim had higher therapeutic efficiency with regard to most of the assayed criteria, whereas none of the antibiotics significantly affected femoral head necrosis and body weight. These data will help clinicians to have better antibiotic choice in field conditions.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis; Chickens; Drug Combinations; Enrofloxacin; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Male; Oxytetracycline; Poultry Diseases; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Sulfadiazine; Thiamphenicol; Treatment Outcome; Trimethoprim

Feedlot calves (n = 3784) were systematically randomized and allocated in a 2 × 2 factorial study to receive metaphylactic oxytetracycline (OTC) on arrival or no antimicrobial, as well as florfenicol once subcutaneously or twice intramuscularly (48 h apart) if diagnosed with bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Calves of different treatment groups were comingled and followed from placement to re-implantation (~100 days). Animals receiving OTC had a reduced risk of BRD, an increased risk of arthritis, and no significant differences in average daily gain, BRD relapse, overall mortality, or BRD mortality. There were no significant differences between treatment protocols. Deep nasal swabs (n = 233) taken at arrival (n = 122), treatment (n = 77), and swabs from lungs and joints at postmortem (n = 34) were cultured for Mycoplasma bovis from 61 animals ill or dying of chronic pneumonia and arthritis and from 61 healthy calves. There was significant variation in diversity among isolates (n = 51) between study years and different cattle. Metaphylaxis or antimicrobial treatment did not affect the diversity of isolates. Except for tilmicosin, isolates were largely susceptible to tested antimicrobials.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis; Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex; Cattle; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycoplasma bovis; Mycoplasma Infections; Oxytetracycline; Saskatchewan; Thiamphenicol

Topics: Anemia, Hypochromic; Arthritis; Diarrhea; Duodenum; Femur Head; Hip Joint; Humans; Intestinal Mucosa; Lymph Nodes; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoporosis; Oxytetracycline; Radiography; Whipple Disease

Some 115 R- and 143 S-streptococcal strains were isolated from 258 pigs that had died or been killed for disease, between 1969 and 1973. They were cultured and biochemically tested for sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. All R- and S-strains were of normal sensitivity to penicillin and, with few exceptions, to chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline as well. Most of the strains caused primary Sc.-infection, such as septicaemia, leptomeningitis, endocarditis, and arthritis. R-Sc.-infections were contracted mainly by store pigs and animals in advenced age, while S-Sc.-infections affected mainly piglets.

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Chloramphenicol; Endocarditis; Meningitis; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Sepsis; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Swine; Swine Diseases

Topics: Arthritis; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Hypoproteinemia; Male; Middle Aged; Oxytetracycline; Rheumatic Diseases; Whipple Disease

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Reactive; Female; Haemophilus Infections; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Inclusion Bodies; Male; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoses; Oxytetracycline; Tetracycline; Trichomonas vaginalis; Urethritis; Uveitis

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis; Chlortetracycline; Colorado; Injections, Intramuscular; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Sheep; Sheep Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis; Chloramphenicol; Colistin; Humans; Infections; Kanamycin; Methicillin; Oxacillin; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin G; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Arthritis; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Injections; Injections, Intra-Articular; Lidocaine; Oxytetracycline; Prednisolone; Rheumatic Fever; Salmonella Infections; Salmonella typhimurium

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis; Drug Therapy; Finger Injuries; Fingers; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Oxytetracycline; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tetracycline; Zoonoses

Topics: Abscess; Arthritis; Child; Chloramphenicol; Diagnosis, Differential; Drainage; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant; Joint Diseases; Novobiocin; Osteomyelitis; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Sepsis; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Suppuration; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Arthritis; Blood Chemical Analysis; Dogs; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Injections, Intravenous; Joints; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Research; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane; Tetracycline; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Arthritis; Chloramphenicol; Humans; Neuritis; Neurologic Manifestations; Oxytetracycline; Paralysis; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Viral; Polyradiculopathy; Psittacosis

Topics: Arthritis; Brucellosis; Chlortetracycline; Disease; Humans; Knee; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Ascorbic Acid; Cortisone; Oxytetracycline; Vitamins

Topics: Arthritis; Brucella; Brucellosis; Disease; Hip; Hip Joint; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cortisone; Oxytetracycline; Rats