oxytetracycline--anhydrous and Anaphylaxis

This study describes signalment, history, antibiotic administered, clinical signs observed, therapy, and outcome of anaphylactic events within 4 h following ophthalmic administration of an antibiotic to cats. Data came from survey responses (45 cats) or Federal Drug Administration reports (16 cats). Cat age (7 weeks-19 years), breed, and gender ranged widely. Most were healthy (87%) prior to anaphylaxis. Ophthalmic antibiotics commonly were administered for conjunctival (65%) or corneal (11%) disease, or ocular lubrication (7%) and contained bacitracin, neomycin, and polymyxin B (44%), or oxytetracycline and polymyxin B (21%). Polymyxin B was present in all cases. Vaccines or other drugs were also administered to 51% of cats. In 56% cases, anaphylaxis occurred within 10 min of drug application. Most (82%) cats survived. Although a causal association was not proved, ophthalmic antibiotic administration preceded anaphylaxis in all cats. Like other drugs, ophthalmic antibiotics should be used only when indicated.

Topics: Administration, Ophthalmic; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacitracin; Cat Diseases; Cats; Corneal Ulcer; Female; Male; Neomycin; Ophthalmic Solutions; Oxytetracycline; Polymyxin B; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome; United States

In a one-year period (July 1, 1975, through June 30, 1976), 130 cases of suspected adverse drug reactions were reviewed in the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, Ca. Sixty-six of these cases had sufficient evidence to link the reaction to the medication administered. Most of the reactions were attributed to anti-infective agents (antibiotics and parasiticides) and to anesthetics and related drugs. In 28 (42.4%) of the cases, uncomplicated recovery occurred without supportive medication. Four animals (6.1%) died as a direct result of adverse drug reactions. It was concluded that a higher degree of adverse drug reaction awareness is needed in the veterinary profession to enable the accumulation of meaningful data.

Topics: Amphotericin B; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Chloral Hydrate; Dextrans; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Droperidol; Drug Therapy; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Fentanyl; Fluorouracil; Horse Diseases; Horses; Ketamine; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Seizures; Sweating

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; Oxytetracycline

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cortisone; Depression, Chemical; Disease Models, Animal; Flavonoids; Guinea Pigs; Immune Sera; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Mercaptopurine; Oxytetracycline; Time Factors

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigens; Blood Proteins; Chloramphenicol; Desensitization, Immunologic; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Immune Sera; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Liver; Mice; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Proteins; Streptomycin

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Guinea Pigs; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases; Oxytetracycline