oxytetracycline--anhydrous and Actinomycetales-Infections

In view of the unpredictability of results of antibiotic therapy of bovine dermatophilosis and following the report of successful use of 10% formalin administered intravenously at the dosage of 20 ml per 100 kg body weight, a trial was undertaken to evaluate the latter treatment in naturally-occurring dermatophilosis in a group of Friesian crossbred cattle. Group 1 animals were given only 10% formalin. Group 2 received 10% formalin and long-acting oxytetracycline (L/AO) at a dosage of 20 mg per kg body weight and Group 3 animals were given only L/AO. Treatments were repeated at intervals of four days. All animals recovered fully, the formalin only-treated ones after three treatments the L/AO-treated ones after a mean of 2.7 treatments and the combination-treated animals after a mean of 1.5 treatments. One LA/O-treated animal showed relapse after four months. This study is continuing.

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Formaldehyde; Injections, Intravenous; Oxytetracycline; Skin Diseases, Bacterial

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Lincomycin; Male; Oxytetracycline; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Spectinomycin

An outbreak of an atypical form of ovine dermatophilosis affecting the lips and muzzle with a very high morbidity in weaners and hoggets in Kenya is reported. Clinical diagnosis of ovine dermatophilosis was made and confirmed by direct microscopic examination as well as isolation and identification of Dermatophilus congolensis from scab material from the affected sheep. The morbidity rate within the flock was 31.8% (237/745) with 98.3% (233/237) of the affected sheep being weaners and hoggets. No fatalities were recorded. The lesions, confined in the lips and the muzzle, were swelling of both the upper and lower lips, circumscribed lumps in the skin of both the upper and lower lips, oedema of the head and the submandibular area and scabs and crusts on the lips and muzzle. Within 1 week following treatment with long acting oxytetracycline (20%) at a rate of 20 mg/kg body weight, intramuscularly and a topical application of oxytetracycline spray, lumps regressed in size and were covered by dark-brown scabs. Removal of the dark-brown scabs revealed erythematous areas covered with purulent material and horny erythematous projections (papillae) projecting from the surfaces. Within the 2nd week, the horny erythematous projections formed greyish scabs, which later peeled off leaving alopaecic areas around the lips. The paper highlights atypical dermatophilosis of sheep and we believe that this is the first published report of an outbreak of ovine dermatophilosis in Kenya.

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Kenya; Male; Oxytetracycline; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Alopecia; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Diagnosis, Differential; England; Injections, Intramuscular; Oxytetracycline; Skin; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Treatment Outcome

Dermatophilus congolensis was isolated from a cat with dermatitis. The isolate was sensitive to oxytetracyclin, streptomycin and penicillin but resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, gentamycin and cefoperazone.

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Amoxicillin; Ampicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cefoperazone; Cephalosporins; Dermatitis; Gentamicins; Oxytetracycline; Penicillins; Rabbits; Skin Diseases, Bacterial; Streptomycin

Dermatophilosis is a contagious enzootic disease in tropical areas but which sporadically appears in temperate countries. During an outbreak in Sudan, the resistance level of the Nilotic cattle (Dinka breed) and various crosses has been recorded. The use of Long Acting Terramycin for treating infected cattle is discussed as well. A single injection of Long Acting Terramycin (20 mg/kg) is curative in 35.9% of the cases. The less severe the infections are, the best results are obtained. Treatment response does not seem modified by the breed of the treated cattle.

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Dermatitis; Oxytetracycline; Species Specificity; Sudan

Topics: Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Epidermis; Oxytetracycline; Penicillin G; Penicillin G Procaine; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Delayed-Action Preparations; Female; Male; Oxytetracycline

Under conditions simulating traditional husbandry, a single intramuscular dose (20 mg/kg) of long-acting oxytetracycline was efficacious in treating different grades of bovine dermatophilosis. There was complete healing in 26 out of 28 animals (93 per cent) within four weeks. By contrast, only four out of 11 animals treated with penicillin (70,000 iu/kg) plus streptomycin (70mg/kg) were apparently cured and three relapsed within one month. No spontaneous recoveries were observed among 18 untreated animals. In the group treated with oxytetracycline, two, in the penicillin plus streptomycin, seven, and in the untreated control group, 11 animals died of the disease.

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Female; Injections, Intramuscular; Male; Oxytetracycline; Recurrence