oxazepam and Pregnancy studies

Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.
oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.

Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Prenatal oxazepam (15 mg/kg, given per os twice daily on days 12-16 of pregnancy) did not influence hot-plate responding and morphine analgesia at any of the test ages."	7.67	Morphine effects on activity and pain reactivity of developing mice with or without late prenatal oxazepam exposure. ( Alleva, E; Bignami, G; Laviola, G, 1987)
" In 66 first-trimester pregnant women, who had applied for legal termination of the pregnancy, we have calculated different pharmacokinetic parameters of two benzodiazepine derivatives, diazepam and oxazepam, after administration of a single oral dose of 10 or 25 mg to the mother."	5.27	Pharmacokinetics and distribution of diazepam and oxazepam in early pregnancy. ( Jørgensen, NP; Thurmann-Nielsen, E; Walstad, RA, 1988)
" Outbred CD-1 mouse pups, prenatally exposed to either the vehicle (VEH) or oxazepam (OX, 15 mg/kg twice/day on pregnancy days 12-16) and fostered to untreated dams at birth, were offered as a stimulus on postnatal days 4, 6, and 8 to four groups of females that differed in maternal experience: virgin, experienced virgin females, primiparae, and biparae."	3.69	Induction of maternal behavior by mouse neonates: influence of dam parity and prenatal oxazepam exposure. ( Alleva, E; Laviola, G; Petruzzi, S; Rankin, J, 1994)
" Prenatal oxazepam (15 mg/kg, given per os twice daily on days 12-16 of pregnancy) did not influence hot-plate responding and morphine analgesia at any of the test ages."	3.67	Morphine effects on activity and pain reactivity of developing mice with or without late prenatal oxazepam exposure. ( Alleva, E; Bignami, G; Laviola, G, 1987)
"Oxazepam treatment of primiparous mouse dams on days 12-16 of pregnancy (15 mg/kg p."	3.67	Prenatal benzodiazepine effects in mice: postnatal behavioral development, response to drug challenges, and adult discrimination learning. ( Alleva, E; Bignami, G, 1986)
"A benzodiazepine (oxazepam) was given to nulliparous mice on days 12-16 of pregnancy, and the development and young adult behaviour of the offspring were studied."	3.67	Short-, medium-, and long-term effects of prenatal oxazepam on neurobehavioural development of mice. ( Alleva, E; Bignami, G; Laviola, G; Tirelli, E, 1985)
"Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic properties of the benzodiazepines is playing an increasingly important role in their use during pregnancy, labour and lactation."	2.36	Use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy, labour and lactation, with particular reference to pharmacokinetic considerations. ( Kanto, JH, 1982)
"The main recommendations for treatment of pruritus during pregnancy are to begin with topical treatment; emollient bath additives, moisturizing cream, talc."	1.29	Strategy of treatment of pruritus during pregnancy. The Drugs and Pregnancy Study Group. ( , 1994)
"Oxazepam was readily absorbed and peak plasma concentrations were similar to those in healthy non-pregnant volunteers."	1.26	Pharmacokinetics of oxazepam given during labour. ( Lunell, NO; Rane, A; Sundwall, A; Tomson, G, 1978)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	41 (77.36)	18.7374
1990's	10 (18.87)	18.2507
2000's	2 (3.77)	29.6817
2010's	0 (0.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Marin, SJ	1
Keith, L	1
Merrell, M	1
McMillin, GA	1
Swortfiguer, D	1
Cissoko, H	1
Giraudeau, B	1
Jonville-Béra, AP	1
Bensouda, L	1
Autret-Leca, E	1
Hokari, S	4
Manzo, L	8
De Bernardi, M	7
Bertè, F	7
Kanto, JH	1
Olive, G	1
Rey, E	1
Saito, H	1
Kobayashi, H	1
Takeno, S	1
Sakai, T	1
Pacifici, GM	1
Rane, A	5
Kangas, L	3
Erkkola, R	4
Kanto, J	6
Eronen, M	1
Tomson, G	4
Dell'Omo, G	2
Wolfer, D	1
Alleva, E	10
Lipp, HP	2
Laviola, G	7
Petruzzi, S	2
Rankin, J	1
Ricceri, L	1
Calamandrei, G	1
Chiarotti, F	1
Fiore, M	1
Piiroinen, O	1
Drury, KA	1
Spalding, E	1
Donaldson, D	1
Rutherford, D	1
Scrollini, F	1
Caliari, S	1
Romano, A	1
Torchio, P	1
Lunell, NO	2
Sundwall, A	3
Mansikka, M	1
Allonen, H	1
Laegreid, L	1
Hagberg, G	1
Lundberg, A	1
Pick, CG	1
Yanai, J	1
Bignami, G	4
Scheinin, M	1
Jørgensen, NP	1
Thurmann-Nielsen, E	1
Walstad, RA	1
Waldenström, U	1
Sundelin, C	1
Lindmark, G	1
Tirelli, E	1
Browne, TR	1
Penry, JK	1
Sellman, R	2
Dundee, JW	1
Haslett, WH	1
Mascherpa, P	3
Berte', F	1
Benzi, G	3
Owen, G	1
Smith, TH	1
Agersborg, HP	1
Schwarz, HJ	1
Beretić, T	1
Schleith, K	1
Lehmann, M	1
Gerlach, W	1

Article	Year
Use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy, labour and lactation, with particular reference to pharmacokinetic considerations. Drugs, 1982, Volume: 23, Issue:5 Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Clorazepate Dipotassium; Diazepam; Female; Flunitrazepam; Hum	1982
[Benzodiazepines and pregnancy. Transplacental passage, labor and lactation]. L'Encephale, 1983, Volume: 9, Issue:4 Suppl 2 Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Biotransformation; Chlordiazepoxide; Clorazepate Dipotassium; Diazepam; Female;	1983
On mouse pups and their lactating dams: behavioral consequences of early exposure to oxazepam and interacting factors. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1996, Volume: 55, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Suckling; Behavior, Animal; Female; GABA Modulators; Lactation; Maternal Behavior;	1996
Early and late discharge after hospital birth. Health of mother and infant in the postpartum period. Upsala journal of medical sciences, 1987, Volume: 92, Issue:3 Topics: Analgesics; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newb	1987
Benzodiazepines in the treatment of epilepsy. A review. Epilepsia, 1973, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chlordiazepoxide; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Eclampsia; Elec	1973
The benzodiazepines. A review of their actions and uses relative to anaesthetic practice. British journal of anaesthesia, 1970, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Amnesia; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anticonvulsants; Benzazepines	1970

Article	Year
Oral oxazepam as a premedicant in minor surgery. Der Anaesthesist, 1979, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Administration, Oral; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Middle Aged	1979
Early and late discharge after hospital birth. Health of mother and infant in the postpartum period. Upsala journal of medical sciences, 1987, Volume: 92, Issue:3 Topics: Analgesics; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Infant Mortality; Infant, Newb	1987

Article	Year
Evaluation of a new ELISA kit for the detection of benzodiazepines in meconium. Journal of analytical toxicology, 2009, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Benzodiazepines; Calibration; Clonazepam; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Humans; Hypnoti	2009
[Neonatal consequences of benzodiazepines used during the last month of pregnancy]. Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie, 2005, Volume: 12, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Benzodiazepines; Drug Monitoring; Female; GABA Modulators; Hospitalization; Humans; Hypoventi	2005
[Organotropism of oxazepam (7-chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one) and of its glycurono-derivative in the guinea-pig at the maternal and fetal level]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1967, Jul-31, Volume: 43, Issue:14 Topics: Animals; Brain; Female; Fetus; Glucuronates; Guinea Pigs; Kidney; Liver; Lung; Muscles; Organ Specif	1967
Fetal toxicity of benzodiazepines in rats. Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology, 1984, Volume: 46, Issue:3 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Chlordiazepoxide; Clonazepam; Diazepam; F	1984
Renal glucuronidation of morphine in the human foetus. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1982, Volume: 50, Issue:2 Topics: Female; Fetus; Glucuronates; Humans; Kidney; Morphine; Oxazepam; Pregnancy; Salicylamides	1982
Transfer of free and conjugated oxazepam across the human placenta. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1980, Volume: 17, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Amniotic Fluid; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Oxazepam; Pregnancy; Um	1980
Prenatal and neonatal drug metabolism in man. European journal of clinical pharmacology, 1980, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Biotransformation; Female; Fetus; Gestational Age; Half-Life; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Kineti	1980
Impaired acquisition of swimming navigation in adult mice exposed prenatally to oxazepam. Psychopharmacology, 1993, Volume: 111, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Oxazepam; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects;	1993
Induction of maternal behavior by mouse neonates: influence of dam parity and prenatal oxazepam exposure. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1994, Volume: 49, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Female; Grooming; Maternal Behavior; Mice; Motor Activity; Nesting Behavi	1994
Strategy of treatment of pruritus during pregnancy. The Drugs and Pregnancy Study Group. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1994, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Topical; Female; France; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Ointments; Oxazepam; Preg	1994
Prenatal oxazepam affects passive avoidance performance of preweaning mice. Brain research bulletin, 1994, Volume: 33, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Suckling; Avoidance Learning; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Oxazepam;	1994
Limited changes of mouse maternal care after prenatal oxazepam: dissociation from pup-related stimulus perception. Psychopharmacology, 1995, Volume: 122, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Mice; Nesting Behavior; Oxazepam; Perception; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure De	1995
A comparison of behavioural effects of prenatally administered oxazepam in mice exposed to open-fields in the laboratory and the real world. Psychopharmacology, 1995, Volume: 122, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Female; GABA Modulators; Male; Mice; Oxazepam; Preg	1995
Feto-maternal concentrations of diazepam and W-demethyldiazepam after intra-amniotic diazepam injection. International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 1976, Volume: 14, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amniotic Fluid; Brain Chemistry; Diazepam; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Injection	1976
IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man: some miscellaneous pharmaceutical substances. IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man, 1977, Volume: 13 Topics: Acriflavine; Animals; Anthralin; Aurothioglucose; Carcinogens; Chloroquine; Diazepam; Ethanolamines;	1977
Floppy-infant syndrome: Is oxazepam the answer? Lancet (London, England), 1977, Nov-26, Volume: 2, Issue:8048 Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Muscl	1977
Toxicological and pharmacological investigations of pinazepam (7-chloro-1-propargyl-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one): a new psychotherapeutic agent. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1975, Volume: 25, Issue:6 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Aggression; Analgesia; Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Blood Pressure; Ca	1975
Pharmacokinetics of oxazepam given during labour. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum, 1978, Issue:274 Topics: Administration, Oral; Female; Half-Life; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Labor, Obstetric; Maternal-Fetal E	1978
[Oxazepam withdrawal in the neonatal period]. Lakartidningen, 1979, Nov-28, Volume: 76, Issue:48 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Ox	1979
Placental passage of oxazepam and its metabolism in mother and newborn. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 1979, Volume: 25, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Female; Fetal Blood; Half-Life; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Kinetics; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; O	1979
Drug metabolism in the rabbit lung during pregnancy and in the perinatal period. Il Farmaco; edizione scientifica, 1975, Volume: 30, Issue:6 Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Female; Liver; Lung; Oxazepam; Phenobarbital; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Ra	1975
Neurodevelopment in late infancy after prenatal exposure to benzodiazepines--a prospective study. Neuropediatrics, 1992, Volume: 23, Issue:2 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Arousal; Body Height; Body Weight; Cephalometry; D	1992
Eight-arm maze performance, neophobia, and hippocampal cholinergic alterations after prenatal oxazepam in mice. Brain research bulletin, 1992, Volume: 29, Issue:5 Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Exploratory Behav	1992
Interacting effects of oxazepam in late pregnancy and fostering procedure on mouse maternal behavior. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 1991,Winter, Volume: 15, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Cues; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Maternal Behavior; Mice; Motor Activity; Nesting Behavi	1991
Placental and blood-CSF transfer of orally administered diazepam in the same person. Pharmacology & toxicology, 1987, Volume: 61, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Biotransformation; Diazepam; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Nordazepam	1987
Morphine effects on activity and pain reactivity of developing mice with or without late prenatal oxazepam exposure. Psychopharmacology, 1987, Volume: 92, Issue:4 Topics: Aging; Animals; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Models, Psychological; Morphine; Oxazepam;	1987
Pharmacokinetics and distribution of diazepam and oxazepam in early pregnancy. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 1988, Volume: 67, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Diazepam; Female; Humans; Oxazepam; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First	1988
Prenatal benzodiazepine effects in mice: postnatal behavioral development, response to drug challenges, and adult discrimination learning. Neurotoxicology, 1986,Summer, Volume: 7, Issue:2 Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Benzodiazepines; Discrimination Learning	1986
Short-, medium-, and long-term effects of prenatal oxazepam on neurobehavioural development of mice. Psychopharmacology, 1985, Volume: 87, Issue:4 Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Female; Growth Disorders; Learning Disab	1985
Letter: Perinatal metabolism of diazepam. British medical journal, 1974, Aug-17, Volume: 3, Issue:5928 Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Oxazepam; Pregnancy	1974
Letter: Perinatal metabolism of diazepam. British medical journal, 1974, Mar-30, Volume: 1, Issue:5908 Topics: Diazepam; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Milk, Human; Oxazepam; Pregnancy	1974
Studies on drug organotropism and drug-metabolizing activity in the fetus and the newborn. Bollettino chimico farmaceutico, 1968, Volume: 107, Issue:10 Topics: Amitriptyline; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain; Enzymes; Extracorporeal Circulation; Female; F	1968
Ability of the placenta to metabolize oxazepam and aminopyrine before and after drug stimulation. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1969, Volume: 182, Issue:1 Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Female; Glucuronates; In Vitro Techniques; Oxazepam; Phenobarbital; Placenta;	1969
[Aspects of iatrogenic pharmacology and toxicology at the fetal level]. Minerva ginecologica, 1969, Sep-30, Volume: 21, Issue:18 Topics: Aminopyrine; Amitriptyline; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antipyrine; Diazepam; Dogs; Female; Feta	1969
Toxicity of some benzodiazepine compounds with CNS activity. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 16, Issue:2 Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Animals; Benzazepines; Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Breeding; Centr	1970
Developmental patterns of drug metabolism in liver and in some non-hepatic tissues of fetal and newborn rabbits. Il Farmaco; edizione pratica, 1970, Volume: 25, Issue:3 Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Biotransformation; Female; Fetus; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Liver; Maternal-Fet	1970
[Sedation and spasmolysis in the puerperium]. Zeitschrift fur Allgemeinmedizin, 1970, Nov-10, Volume: 46, Issue:31 Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Oxazepam; Pregnancy; Puerperal Disorders; Scopolamine	1970
[Teratogenesis and drug control]. Lijecnicki vjesnik, 1967, Volume: 89, Issue:8 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Aminosalicylic Acids; Androgens; Animals; Chlordiazepoxide; Drug and Na	1967
[Remarks on therapy of psychosomatic diseases in gynecology and obstetrics]. Medizinische Monatsschrift, 1967, Volume: 21, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Oxazepam; Pregnancy;	1967
Investigation on tissue distribution and metabolism of oxazepam in pregnant guinea-pig and rat. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1968, Volume: 173, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Female; Fetus; Glucuronates; Guinea Pigs; Liver; Lung; Oxazepam; Pregnancy	1968
[Studies of fetal pharmacology. 3. Possibilities of using the technic of "organs isolated in situ" in the fetus and newborn infant]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1968, Sep-30, Volume: 44, Issue:18 Topics: Aminopyrine; Female; Fetus; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Organ Specificity; Oxazepam; Pregnancy	1968
[Metabolic transformation of oxazepam and of aminopyrine in the rabbit placenta at various periods of pregnancy]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1968, Nov-30, Volume: 44, Issue:22 Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Female; Oxazepam; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Rabbits	1968
[Effects of luminal and oxazepam on drug-metabolizing processes of the rabbit placenta in various periods of pregnancy]. Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale, 1968, Nov-30, Volume: 44, Issue:22 Topics: Aminopyrine; Animals; Female; Oxazepam; Phenobarbital; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Rabbi	1968
Oxazepam glucuronidation "in vitro" in some maternal and fetal tissues of the rat. Effects of pretreatment with oxazepam and phenobarbital. Bollettino chimico farmaceutico, 1969, Volume: 108, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Female; Fetus; Glucuronates; Guinea Pigs; Liver; Oxazepam; Phenobarbital; Pregnancy; Pregna	1969
[Oxazepam, current medication for anxiety in general medicine]. Lyon medical, 1966, Volume: 215, Issue:18 Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Anxiety; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oxazepam; Pregnancy	1966
[The control of functional disorders of female organs by Tranquo-Buscopan]. Medizinische Monatsschrift, 1966, Volume: 20, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Mus	1966

oxazepam and Pregnancy

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