oxalates and Vascular-Diseases

Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperoxaluria; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Skin; Skin Diseases; Vascular Diseases

Primary hyperoxaluria is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate. Nephrocalcinosis with or without calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis leads to renal failure in infancy through young adulthood. Oxalosis is the condition in which the highly insoluble calcium oxalate crystals are deposited in extrarenal tissues including bone, blood vessels, heart, and the male urogenital system. The radiographic abnormalities in 14 patients with primary hyperoxaluria are described. These abnormalities include nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, dense vascular calcifications, abnormal bone density, and characteristic metaphyseal abnormalities. Changes of renal osteodystrophy and pathologic fractures are common. Radiographic bone abnormalities are dependent on the age of the patient when renal failure occurred and the degree of success of renal transplantation. Characteristic skeletal changes are present in six of seven patients who developed renal failure when less than 7 years of age.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Calcinosis; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fractures, Spontaneous; Humans; Infant; Kidney Calculi; Male; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Nephrocalcinosis; Oxalates; Radiography; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Nitroglycerin; Oxalates; Vascular Diseases

Livedo reticularis developed on the lower extremities of a 37-year-old woman with primary oxalosis and renal failure that was treated by hemodialysis. Biopsy results of the involved skin indicated oxalate crystals in the walls of the blood vessels of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Oxalosis with vascular involvement should be included in the long list of causes of livedo reticularis.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Oxalates; Prognosis; Renal Dialysis; Skin; Skin Diseases; Vascular Diseases

An 18-year-old female with primary oxalosis, seen first when she was in advanced renal failure, developed a severe necrotizing angiopathy which began after a rapid decrease in renal function requiring chronic dialysis. Because of the severe angiopathy the preliminary diagnosis of an acute autoimmune vasculitis had been made. The correct diagnosis was revealed by renal biopsy and a renal transplantation performed. Soon after severe oxalosis led to failure of the renal transplant and death. The patient had also had familial spherocytosis, inherited from her father, while the oxalosis had been inherited from her mother. It is suggested that early transplantation at the onset of renal failure, as long as the blood oxalate level is still tolerably low, may give better results than have so far been reported.

Topics: Adolescent; Female; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Oxalates; Spherocytosis, Hereditary; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Humans; Oxalates; Spherocytosis, Hereditary; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Aged; Atrophy; Cicatrix; Electroretinography; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Humans; Hyalin; Light Coagulation; Macular Degeneration; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Pigment Epithelium of Eye; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Hemorrhage; Retinal Vessels; Retinitis; Vascular Diseases; Vitamin A Deficiency

Topics: Adult; Arteries; Crystallization; Female; Humans; Metabolic Diseases; Nephrectomy; Oxalates; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Angiography; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; Autopsy; Female; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Transplantation; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Microradiography; Necrosis; Nephritis; Oxalates; Postoperative Complications; Thrombosis; Transplantation, Homologous; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Furans; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Naphthalenes; Oscillometry; Oxalates; Plethysmography; Propionates; Vascular Diseases; Vasodilator Agents