oxalates and Skin-Diseases

We report a patient undergoing haemodialysis, who developed multiple subcutaneous nodules. Histology showed that the nodules were composed of deposits of crystals in the dermis, with an associated foreign-body reaction. The crystalline deposits were identified as calcium oxalate by histochemical staining, polarizing microscopy, and analytical electron microscopy.

Topics: Adult; Crystallization; Granuloma; Humans; Male; Oxalates; Renal Dialysis; Skin; Skin Diseases

The rabbit has been used for decades for predictive testing of skin irritancy, but in recent years, the guinea pig has been suggested as an alternative, especially for assessment of one of the components of the irritant reaction: edema (fluid accumulation). A method based on skin-fold measurements with Harpenden calipers has been developed and modified. In previous papers, experience with sodium lauryl sulphate, nonanoic acid and industrial solvents was reported. The present results concern the use of cutting fluids, buffered and unbuffered acid and alkaline solutions, formalin and dimethyl sulfoxide. This inexpensive and comparatively unsophisticated method afforded clear dose-response relationships and good discriminating power. The only exception was the acid and alkaline solutions, where no changes in skin-fold thickness were observed despite their documented irritant potential. The appearance of erythema (visual scoring) and the increase in skin-fold thickness, and their relationship, are discussed with some illustrative examples. The method described is now well standardized and is suited for predictive testing of the edema-inducing capacity of chemicals and products.

Topics: Allergens; Aluminum; Animals; Body Weight; Dermatitis, Irritant; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Formaldehyde; Guinea Pigs; Hydrochloric Acid; Industrial Oils; Oxalates; Oxalic Acid; Predictive Value of Tests; Skin Diseases; Skinfold Thickness; Sodium Hydroxide

Topics: Biopsy; Granuloma; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Renal Dialysis; Skin Diseases

Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Diagnosis, Differential; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative; Humans; Male; Oxalates; Radiography; Renal Dialysis; Skin Diseases; Synovial Fluid

Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperoxaluria; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Skin; Skin Diseases; Vascular Diseases

Livedo reticularis developed on the lower extremities of a 37-year-old woman with primary oxalosis and renal failure that was treated by hemodialysis. Biopsy results of the involved skin indicated oxalate crystals in the walls of the blood vessels of the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Oxalosis with vascular involvement should be included in the long list of causes of livedo reticularis.

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Oxalates; Prognosis; Renal Dialysis; Skin; Skin Diseases; Vascular Diseases

Topics: Animals; Calcium; Female; Growth Disorders; Hair; Kidney; Kidney Medulla; Liver; Magnesium; Magnesium Deficiency; Male; Oxalates; Phosphorus; Potassium; Rats; Skin Diseases; Sulfates; Vitamin B 6 Deficiency

Topics: Adolescent; Axilla; Calcinosis; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Male; Oxalates; Skin Diseases; Thigh

Topics: Consanguinity; Heart Block; Humans; Hyperoxaluria; Kidney Calculi; Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Nephrocalcinosis; Oxalates; Pancreatitis; Pathology; Skin Diseases; Uremia; Urine