oxalates and Liver-Neoplasms

Chaga mushrooms have been used in folk and botanical medicine as a remedy for cancer, gastritis, ulcers, and tuberculosis of the bones. A 72-year-old Japanese female had been diagnosed with liver cancer 1 year prior to presenting at our department. She underwent hepatectomy of the left lobe 3 months later. Chaga mushroom powder (4 - 5 teaspoons per day) had been ingested for the past 6 months for liver cancer. Renal function decreased and hemodialysis was initiated. Renal biopsy specimens showed diffuse tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Oxalate crystals were detected in the tubular lumina and urinary sediment and oxalate nephropathy was diagnosed. Chaga mushrooms contain extremely high oxalate concentrations. This is the first report of a case of oxalate nephropathy associated with ingestion of Chaga mushrooms.

Topics: Agaricales; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents; Biopsy; Female; Humans; Kidney; Liver Neoplasms; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; Mushroom Poisoning; Nephritis, Interstitial; Oxalates; Renal Dialysis; Treatment Outcome

Organ shortage is responsible for high mortality rates of patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT). Domino transplantation has had reported success in patients with metabolic disorders. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare metabolic disorder. There are a few case reports that suggest that PH1 livers originating from donors that have undergone combined liver-kidney transplantation can be successfully used for domino transplantation.. In the last decade, five patients received a domino liver transplant from patients with PH1 in the EUROTRANSPLANT region. In this study, we report the clinical course and outcome of these five patients who were received a domino graft transplant.. All patients, with the exception of one, suffered from multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma and underwent domino LT from patients undergoing combined liver-kidney transplantation for PH1. Within the first 4 weeks, all the domino recipients developed dialysis-dependent kidney failure despite good liver function. Four of the five patients died. The only survivor underwent retransplantation due to hepatic artery thrombosis. Twenty months after transplantation, this patient is doing well and has had no recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.. Domino LT using donors with PH1 results in early renal failure and cannot be recommended for transplantation unless preventive strategies have been identified.

Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Dialysis; Humans; Hyperoxaluria, Primary; Kidney Transplantation; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Liver Transplantation; Oxalates; Pulmonary Embolism; Reoperation; Tissue Donors; Treatment Failure; Treatment Outcome

The pathways of oxalate synthesis in humans are not well defined despite their clinical significance in primary hyperoxaluria and idiopathic calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Furthermore, the functional roles, if any, of this synthesis have not been elucidated. This study examines pathways of oxalate synthesis from glycolate in Hep G2 cells, a human hepatoma cell line. Incubation of these cells with glycolate has revealed that a pathway may function to synthesize oxalate from glycolate that does not depend on the oxidation of glycolate to glyoxylate by glycolate oxidase. Labeling cells with 14C-glycolate and chromatographic analyses indicated that detectable amounts of 14C-glyoxylate were not formed. A radioactive peak that coeluted with oxalate on ion exclusion chromatography was the only peak yet identified. A detailed examination of glycolate metabolism in these cells should help clarify the terminal steps associated with oxalate synthesis and aid in our understanding of two-carbon metabolism.

Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Glycolates; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Oxalates; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Topics: Aflatoxins; Carcinogens, Environmental; Food Analysis; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Oxalates; Toxins, Biological

Topics: Animals; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cell Nucleus; Centrifugation, Zonal; Freeze Etching; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Membranes; Microscopy, Electron; Molybdenum; Neoplasms, Experimental; Oxalates; Phosphotungstic Acid; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Sodium; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Adult; Aged; Atrophy; Cholelithiasis; Clinical Enzyme Tests; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hepatitis A; Humans; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Diseases; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Oxalates; Potassium; Urea