ovalbumin and Hookworm-Infections

Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Bone Marrow; Cell Differentiation; Dinitrobenzenes; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Ovalbumin; Pokeweed Mitogens; Rats; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Spleen

Investigations into the role of allergic enteropathy in acute and chronic intestinal inflammation have been hampered by the lack of objective confirmation for intestinal mast cell activation. Utilizing an established model of acute allergic enteropathy in the rat, we report the enhanced intraluminal recovery of the mast cell mediator histamine after in vivo antigen challenge in sensitized animals. The enhanced histamine recovery is dose dependent, antigen-specific, and restricted to that segment of bowel challenged, thus confirming local intestinal anaphylaxis. The progression of histologic enteropathy is documented and shown to correlate with the entry of mast cells into the intestinal lumen during, but not before, the anaphylactic response. Pretreatment of the sensitized animal with prostaglandin E2 or doxantrazole, but not cromolyn, significantly inhibits the anaphylactic response.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anaphylaxis; Animals; Dinoprostone; Enteritis; Female; Histamine; Histamine Release; History, Ancient; Hookworm Infections; Immunization; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Prostaglandins E; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Thioxanthenes; Xanthones

A new assay system is described for the enumeration of antigen-specific IgE immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) based on an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Using this technique to monitor the organ distribution of OVA-specific ISC after primary immunization of rats, approximately 12,000 specific IgE ISC were detected at the peak of the response in the draining lymph nodes compared with 117,000 IgG ISC; the splenic anti-OVA response was restricted to the IgM class. Using plates precoated with anti-rat IgE instead of antigen, total IgE ISC were enumerated in normal and helminth-parasitized rats. The assay system detected up to 5 X 10(5) IgE ISC in mesenteric lymph nodes from parasitized animals compared with less than 50 in controls.

Topics: Animals; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epitopes; Hookworm Infections; Immunization; Immunoglobulin E; Lymph Nodes; Male; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Rats; Tissue Distribution; Viral Plaque Assay

T lymphocytes in the mesenteric lymph nodes of rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis spontaneously released a soluble factor that selectively potentiated the IgE-forming cell response of antigen-primed cells to homologous antigen. The factor could enhance the IgE response of DNP-OA-primed cells to DNP-HSA and T cell-replacing factor. In contrast, the treatment of OA-primed T cells with the factor failed to enhance either the IgE or IgG response of the mixture of DNP-KLH primed cells and OA-primed T cells to DNP-OA. The results collectively suggested that the target cells of the IgE-potentiating factor are B cells. Indeed, IgE potentiating factor was absorbed by B cells rather than T cells or thymocytes. Evidence was obtained that IgE-potentiating factor could be absorbed by IgE-bearing B cells or IgE-coupled Sepharose, indicating that the factor had affinity for IgE. It appeared that the potentiating factor bound to IgE-bearing B cells and selectively enhanced the differentiation of IgE-B cells to IgE-forming cells. It was also found that the major source of the factor was Fc epsilon R-bearing T cells.

Topics: Absorption; Animals; Antibody-Producing Cells; B-Lymphocytes; Binding Sites, Antibody; Cell Differentiation; Cell-Free System; Dinitrobenzenes; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Rats; T-Lymphocytes

Incubation with rat IgE of rat mesenteric lymph node cells obtained 8 days after infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) resulted in the formation of soluble factors with affinity for IgE, i.e., IgE-binding factors(s). The factors were derived from T lymphocytes and were able to suppress an in vitro IgE response without affecting the IgG response. The minimum concentration of rat IgE for the induction of factor formation was 0.3 to 1.0 microgram/ml. Gel filtration of culture filtrates of the IgE-containing culture identified 2 components with IgE-binding activity; one component had a m.w. of between 10,000 and 20,000, and another component had a m.w. of between 25,000 and 50,000. Both factors could be purified by binding to IgE-Sepharose followed by elution at acid pH. Among the two IgE-binding factors, the lower m.w. component had the ability to suppress selectively the IgE response. In contrast to IgE-potentiating factor, which also had affinity for IgE, the IgE-suppressive factor failed to bind to lentil lectin Sepharose. Formation of IgE-specific suppressive factor was not limited to the lymphocytes obtained 8 days after Nb-infection. Incubation with IgE of lymphocytes obtained 4 wk after infection resulted in the formation of both IgE-specific suppressive factor and IgE-potentiating factor, and the activity of the suppressive factor was greater than that of the potentiating factor.

Topics: Animals; Binding Sites, Antibody; Cells, Cultured; Chromatography, Gel; Dinitrobenzenes; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Lectins; Molecular Weight; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Rosette Formation; T-Lymphocytes

Topics: Animals; Antibody Specificity; Hookworm Infections; Hypersensitivity; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin E; Mast Cells; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Rats; Receptors, Immunologic; Skin Tests

Topics: Animals; Bordetella pertussis; Dextrans; Histamine Release; Hookworm Infections; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rabbits; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

IgE levels in nude mice were estimated by the one-step single radial radiodiffusion method antisera prepared by immunization of guinea pigs with an IgE-rich fraction obtained from sera of normal mice infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and immunized with DNP-ovalbumin in alum gel. 3 out of 8 nude mice had IgE levels significantly higher than those of normal mice.

Topics: Animals; Dinitrobenzenes; Guinea Pigs; Hookworm Infections; Immunodiffusion; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Ovalbumin

The time courses of production of IgE and IgGa homocytotropic antibodies were measured in Wistar rats during a primary and secondary response to egg albumin with pertussis or Freund's adjuvants. An anamnestic IgE antibody response occurred in animals previously sensitized to antigen with killed Bordetella pertussis as adjuvant. IgGa antibodies were formed in the primary response with Freund's complete adjuvant only, but were found during the secondary response with all adjuvants used. The time courses of formation of IgE and IgGa antibodies were very different during the secondary response. The production of both classes of antibody to egg albumin was studed in Wistar and Hooded Lister rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. IgGa antibody formation was not potentiated by the infection. However, increased levels of IgE antibody, formed during a secondary response to antigen in infected animals, were consistently higher in both strains than during a primary response.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Bordetella pertussis; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Immunoglobulin G; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats; Time Factors

We present here a study of the relationship in time between the elevation of total serum IgE, the parasite-specific IgE response, and the potentiated IgE response to unrelated antigen which occurs in rats following infection with the worm parasite N. brasiliensis. During a first infection the potentiated IgE response (to egg albumin) and elevation of total IgE occur synchronously rising to a peak on days 12-14 after infection, with the fastest rate of increase occurring between days 8 and 10. N. brasiliensis-specific IgE rises to a peak some 2-3 weeks later when both total IgE and the potentiated response have largely declined. A strain difference is shown in that Wistar rats produce far lower levels of total and parasite-specific IgE than Hooded Listers. Events following reinfection differ in that total IgE rises more rapidly, very high levels being reached 6 days after reinfected together with a secondary specific IgE response to N. brasiliensis. The total IgE level, however, rises by a far greater factor than parasite-specific IgE and declines rapidly while the parasite-specific response declines slowly over many weeks. The egg albumin response is not repotentiated. It is proposed that the total IgE response and the potentiated IgE response which forms a small component of it results from the release of a non-specific IgE-stimulating factor produced by N. brasiliensis-specific T cells. In this scheme the same or similar cells are involved in the production of N. brasiliensis-specific IgE through a separate specific helper function.

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunization; Immunoglobulin E; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Dinitrophenols; Female; Haptens; Hemocyanins; Hookworm Infections; Immunization, Passive; Immunization, Secondary; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nippostrongylus; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Serum Albumin, Bovine

Topics: Anaphylaxis; Animals; Antigens; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Injections, Intradermal; Ovalbumin; p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; Rats; Skin; Skin Tests

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunization; Immunoglobulin E; Intestine, Small; Nematoda; Ovalbumin; Parasite Egg Count; Radiation Effects; Rats; Thiabendazole

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antigens; Bordetella pertussis; Dust; Female; Hemocyanins; Hookworm Infections; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Immunoglobulin E; Mollusca; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Antibody Formation; Dust; Fasciola hepatica; Fascioliasis; Helminthiasis; Hemocyanins; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Rats

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Fasciola hepatica; Fascioliasis; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Pertussis Vaccine; Rats; Time Factors

Topics: Ancylostomatoidea; Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Pertussis Vaccine; Rats

Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Binding Sites; Coloring Agents; Female; Hookworm Infections; Hypersensitivity; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin E; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Kinetics; Mast Cells; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Rats; Skin Tests

Topics: Animals; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Female; Hookworm Infections; Immunoglobulin E; Ovalbumin; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis; Pertussis Vaccine; Rats