orabase and Syndrome

Topics: Aged; Allergens; Bandages; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Colloids; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Leg Ulcer; Patch Tests; Syndrome; Urticaria

beta-glucosidase, cellulase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-galactosidase, and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase were tested for their ability to hydrolyse the carboxymethylcellulose contained in 'Rely' tampons (R-CMC). The end-products of the hydrolysis were determined by chromatography. Only beta-glucosidase and cellulase hydrolysed R-CMC and the major product detectable after enzymic degradation was glucose, as confirmed chromatographically and by the glucose oxidase test. The enzymic-degradation products of R-CMC were able to support the growth of a toxic-shock-syndrome strain of Staphylococcus aureus. This finding suggests that as it is degraded by enzymes in the vaginal cavity R-CMC may become an exogenous source of nutrients for pathogenic organisms.

Topics: Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Cellulase; Female; Glycoside Hydrolases; Humans; Hydrolysis; Menstruation; Shock, Septic; Staphylococcus aureus; Syndrome; Tampons, Surgical; Vagina

Analysis of statistical methods used in matched case-control studies of toxic shock syndrome shows that matching has implications for validity and precision of the studies and for the choice of analysis techniques. The studies considered accounted for the matching in the analysis, either by the Mantel-Haenszel or Miettinen-Pike-Morrow approach to 1-to-M matched designs, or by the use of conditional maximum likelihood fitting of logistic regression models. Methods of dealing with confounding and effect modification in the (matched) logistic regression model are presented in the context of studies of toxic shock syndrome. The varied statistical techniques used in these studies were generally appropriate to the matched design except that nonmatching variables were not thoroughly considered as effect modifiers or confounders.

Topics: Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Humans; Regression Analysis; Research Design; Risk; Shock, Septic; Statistics as Topic; Syndrome; Tampons, Surgical

Topics: Adult; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Cellulase; Enterobacteriaceae; Female; Humans; Shock, Septic; Syndrome; Tampons, Surgical