orabase and Periodontal-Diseases

The prevalence of periodontal disease poses a significant global health burden. Treatments for these diseases, primarily focused on removal and eradication of dental plaque biofilms, are challenging due to limited access to periodontal pockets where these oral pathogens reside. Herein, we report on the development and characterization of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) derivatives and evaluate their in vitro bactericidal efficacy against planktonic Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, two prominent periodontopathogens. Bactericidal exposure assays revealed that three of the synthesized NO-releasing polymers were capable of reducing bacterial viability of both species by 99.9% in 2 hr at concentrations of 4 mg ml

Topics: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azo Compounds; Biopolymers; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Cell Line; Diamines; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Ethanolamines; Fibroblasts; Gingiva; Humans; Molecular Structure; Nitric Oxide; Periodontal Diseases; Polyamines; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Propylamines; Species Specificity; Viscosity

Coaggregation between pairs of microorganisms was found to be inhibited by chelating agents, such as acetylacetone, citrate, EDTA and carboxymethylcellulose. Assays were conducted on eight pairs of periodontopathogens and one pair consisting of Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The inhibitory effects of the chelating agents were reversible except for Actinomyces naeslundii 12104, the adhesin of which was irreversibly inactivated. Even though the bacteria possessed different kinds of adhesins, their sensitivity to chelating agents appears to be a common property. Non-toxic chelating agents, such as carboxymethylcellulose and citrate, may prove to be useful anti-adhesins.

Topics: Adhesins, Bacterial; Bacteria; Bacterial Adhesion; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Chelating Agents; Citrates; Edetic Acid; Humans; Periodontal Diseases