orabase and Bacterial-Infections

For stopping long-time harmful bacterial infection, designing a drug carrier with a highly prolonged release profile is a promising approach that is of interest to different biomedical areas. The subject of this work is to synthesis a novel carrier system through coordination of MIL-88(Fe) to carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for enhancing interaction between drug and carrier. We established an ultrasound-assisted synthetic method for in situ synthesis of MIL-88(Fe) in the presence of CMC resulting in CMC/MIL-88(Fe) composite. The CMC/MIL-88(Fe) was loaded with a high amount of Tetracycline (TC) by immersion of carrier to the TC aqueous solution. The release profile in the simulated physiological conditions, pH 7.4, revealed a low initial burst release followed by a sustained and prolonged release over 384 h. The in vitro cytotoxicity of CMC/MIL-88(Fe) against Human skin fibroblast (HFF-1) cells was calculated by MTT assay and showed a good cytocompatibility. The antibacterial activity was found for TC-loaded CMC/MIL-88(Fe) toward both E. coli and S. aureus with MIC 64 mg·ml

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Escherichia coli; Fibroblasts; Humans; Metal-Organic Frameworks; Staphylococcus aureus; Tetracycline

In this work, a pH-sensitive carboxymethylcellulose based bio-nanocomposite hydrogel beads with different content of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as a nanoparticle was prepared (CMC/LDH(Cu/Al)). EDX spectroscopy was used to confirm the successful composition of LDH(Cu/Al) with CMC and its presence in the hydrogel matrix. The prepared CMC/LDH(Cu/Al) bio-nanocomposite hydrogel bead characterized by XRD, FT-IR, and SEM analysis. The swelling results showed the pH-sensitive properties for all of the prepared CMC/LDH(Cu/Al). Amoxicillin (AMX) as a model of the antibiotic drug was selected to study the ability of the prepared systems as an oral drug delivery vehicle. The obtained results showed that the CMC/LDH(Cu/Al 7.5) bio-nanocomposite hydrogel bead has a good performance compared to the other prepared bio-nanocomposites. MTT assay approved the safety of this bio-nanocomposite hydrogel bead against HUVEC cells. Consistent with the obtained results, the prepared hydrogel beads could be potentially proposed as an efficient safe drug carrier for AMX oral delivery.

Topics: Amoxicillin; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Colon; Drug Carriers; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Hydrogels; Hydroxides; Microspheres; Nanocomposites; Safety

Systems consisting of a polyelectrolyte solution in contact with a cross-linked polyelectrolyte network are ubiquitous (e.g., biofilms, drug-delivering hydrogels, and mammalian extracellular matrices), yet the underlying physics governing these interactions is not well understood. Here, we find that carboxymethyl cellulose, a polyelectrolyte commonly found in processed foods and associated with inflammation and obesity, compresses the colonic mucus hydrogel (a key regulator of host-microbe interactions and a protective barrier) in mice. The extent of this polyelectrolyte-induced compression is enhanced by the degree of polymer negative charge. Through animal experiments and numerical calculations, we find that this phenomenon can be described by a Donnan mechanism. Further, the observed behavior can be quantitatively described by a simple, one-parameter model. This work suggests that polymer charge should be considered when developing food products because of its potential role in modulating the protective properties of colonic mucus.

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Biofilms; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Glycoproteins; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Hydrogels; Inflammation; Mice; Mucus; Obesity; Polyelectrolytes; Polymers

Bacterial biofilm which adheres onto wound surface is shown to be impervious to antibiotics and this in turn delays wound healing. Previous studies showed that antibiofilm agents such as xylitol and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) prevent bacterial adherence onto surfaces. Formulation of a wound dressing containing antibiofilm agents may be a plausible strategy in breaking the biofilm on wound surfaces and at the same time increase the efficacy of the antibiotic. The purpose of this study was to develop hydrogel formulations containing antibiofilm agents along with antibiotic (gentamicin) for bacterial biofilm-associated wound infection. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) hydrogels loaded with antibiofilm agents and antibiotic were prepared. The hydrogels were characterized for their physical properties, rheology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), drug content uniformity, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in vitro drug release study. The antibiofilm (Crystal Violet staining and XTT assay) and antibacterial performances of the hydrogels against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli were assessed in vitro. The formulated hydrogels showed adequate release of both antibiofilm agents (xylitol and EDTA). Both antimicrobial and antibiofilm tests showed promising results and demonstrated that the combination of xylitol, EDTA, and gentamicin had an additive effect against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In summary, NaCMC (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) hydrogels containing the combination of antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents were successfully developed and this can be a new strategy in combating biofilm in wound infection which in turn accelerate wound healing.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Biofilms; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Edetic Acid; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Hydrogels; Wound Healing; Wound Infection; Xylitol

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antioxidants; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Food Microbiology; Food Packaging; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Malus; Microfluidics; Particle Size; Plant Extracts; Salmonella enterica; Shigella flexneri; Solubility; Staphylococcus aureus; Steam; Tartrates

The present study deals with synthesizing novel cellulose derivative, from modifying the carboxymethyl cellulose with amino phenylpropanoic acid (CMC-APP). The synthesized CMC-APP was evaluated as biological and anti-cancer active compound. The molecular structures of this active compound were built using the HyperChem program 7.5, together with conventional analysis (nitrogen content, FT-IR, and non-isothermal TGA analysis). Optimizing the CMC/APPA ratio was carried out as preliminary assessment step, via undetected antimicrobial activity measurement. The TEM study showed that, the synthesized cellulose CMC-APP derivative in the nano-scale particle size (range from 12.5 to 89.3nm). Among all the tested microorganisms and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the synthesized nano-cellulose derivative is possible used as safety medicine for microbial infections and cancers. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for Gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria are 48.82μg/mL and 97μg/mL, respectively. While, the unicellular fungi and filamentous fungi are 12.2μg/mL and 97.65μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic index (IC50) for MCF-7 breast cancers is 50μg/mL. Moreover, the computational study of ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxic) properties, of the molecules showed that, this investigated nano-compound is good oral bioavailability.

Topics: Amination; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Fungi; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Models, Molecular; Mycoses; Phenylpropionates

Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Bandages; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Dermatitis; Fecal Incontinence; Female; Humans; Prospective Studies; Skin Care; Urinary Incontinence

Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) has made a significant contribution to the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. Microdeformational forces from the VAC device accelerate granulation tissue formation when compared with moist saline dressing changes. We present 2 patients with multiple comorbid conditions and complex venous stasis ulcers that had persistent purulent drainage after conventional treatment modalities. Only after utilizing silver-impregnated VAC therapy (GranuFoam Silver), combining the antimicrobial benefits of silver with the advantages of VAC technology, were the wound beds adequately prepared for substantial split-thickness skin grafts. Based on these cases, the silver-impregnated VAC device may be a useful adjunct in wound bed preparation when standard therapies have failed to clear infected wounds. This may lead to improved healing rates and overall decreased wound burden in these complex patients.

Topics: Aged; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Debridement; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Silver; Vacuum; Varicose Ulcer; Wound Healing

To evaluate the effect of total bowel decontamination (TD) and selective bowel decontamination (SD) in a non-protective environment clinical and laboratory data of children treated for acute leukaemia between 1983 and 1991 were analysed retrospectively. From 1983 until 1989 34 patients [18 acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL) patients, 16 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) patients] received TD and 31 patients (8 ANLL patients, 23 ALL patients) received SD from 1987 until 1991. TD consisted of colistin sulphate, neomycin, cephaloridine and amphotericin B orally as well as Orabase and sterilized food, while the patients were nursed in a single room. SD consisted of oral colistin sulphate, neomycin and amphotericin B. Those patients with ANLL were nursed in a single room; patients with ALL were nursed in a single room during remission induction therapy only. All patients except those with ANLL receiving TD received Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis with cotrimoxazole. Because the two groups were heterogeneous for diagnosis and chemotherapy the occurrence of fever (central body temperature at least 38.5 degrees C) and major infections (septicaemia of infections of the deep tissues or organs) were registered during periods of neutropenia (neutrophilic granulocytes < or = 500/mm3 for at least 8 days). Patients on TD had 55 periods of neutropenia, patients on SD 80. Patients on TD had 89.1 periods of fever/100 periods of neutropenia whereas patients on SD had 56.3. Also patients on TD had 27.3 major infections/100 periods of neutropenia whereas patients on SD had 11.3. Major infections predominantly consisted of septicaemia caused by gram-positive bacteria. We conclude that, in this study, TD in a non-protective environment does not offer better protection against major infections that SD in patients with ALL or ANLL.

Topics: Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Bacterial Infections; Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium; Cephaloridine; Cephalosporins; Child; Child, Preschool; Colistin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Food Handling; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant; Intestines; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Neomycin; Neutropenia; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Retrospective Studies; Sterilization; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination