omacor and Albuminuria

Albuminuria is a marker of inflammation and an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The current study evaluated whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation attenuates progression of albuminuria in subjects with coronary artery disease.. EPA and DHA supplementation attenuated progression of albuminuria in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease, most of whom were on an angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker. Thus, EPA and DHA supplementation should be considered as additional therapy to an angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor or angiotensin-receptor blocker in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease.. URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01624727.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Albuminuria; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Boston; Coronary Artery Disease; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Drug Combinations; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

We assumed that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) would attenuate the tissue dyslipidemic condition through suppression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP-1) in the kidney and would prevent renal progression in diabetic animals.. We gavaged Omacor, composed of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, to db/db mice for 2 weeks (0.2 g/100 g/day). We measured the markers of renal function, triglyceride amount and expressions of SREBP-1, liver X-activated receptor alpha (LXRalpha), collagen IV and TGFbeta-1 in kidney lysate, and performed immunohistochemical staining for SREBP-1, desmin and WT-1 in the renal sections. We measured collagen IV in primary mesangial cells cultured with high glucose media (25 mM), both with and without a transient transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) SREBP-1.. Omacor decreased the concentration of serum free fatty acid, and the amount of renal triglyceride, which was associated with decreased expression of SREBP-1 in the kidney, albuminuria and renal dysfunction in db/db mice. Omacor attenuated the expansion of mesangial matrix and the expression of desmin, preserved the WT-1 positive cells, and inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappaB in renal tissue. In mesangial cells cultured in high glucose media, the suppression of SREBP-1 expression decreased the collagen IV in the cells.. Our study results demonstrated that n-3 PUFA prevented renal progression with attenuation of SREBP-1 and reduction of triglyceride in the diabetic kidney. This suggests that the regulation of dyslipidemic signals in the kidney could be a possible mechanism by which PUFA preserves renal function in the diabetic condition.

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Collagen Type IV; Desmin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Nephropathies; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Drug Combinations; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Kidney; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-kappa B; Phosphorylation; Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Triglycerides