olanzapine and Feeding-and-Eating-Disorders

Identifying medications that may be used as therapeutic agents for eating disorders is a longstanding focus of research, with varying degrees of success. The present review consolidates the most recent findings on pharmacological treatment of three eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED).. Recent research suggests that olanzapine demonstrates positive effects on weight gain among outpatients with AN. There are fewer recent advances in psychopharmacological treatment for BN and BED, likely due to the relative success of prior medication trials. Olanzapine is the first medication to safely promote weight gain among individuals with AN. Fluoxetine is FDA-approved for BN treatment, and lisdexamfetamine is FDA-approved for BED treatment. BN and BED also generally respond well to SSRIs prescribed off-label. Research on psychopharmacological treatments for other eating disorders, such as avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder and other specified feeding and eating disorders, are sorely needed.

Topics: Anorexia Nervosa; Binge-Eating Disorder; Bulimia Nervosa; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Olanzapine; Weight Gain

Psychotropic medications are commonly used in the treatment of eating disorders in children and adolescents. This article reviews the evidence base on psychotropic medications, including all randomized trials, uncontrolled trials, and case reports for the treatment of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, other specified feeding and eating disorders, binge-eating disorder, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Despite advances in the number of medication-based studies completed in young patients with eating disorders over the last 2 decades, significantly more work needs to be done in terms of identifying what role, if any, psychotropic medications can have on treatment outcomes.

Topics: Adolescent; Anorexia Nervosa; Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder; Binge-Eating Disorder; Bulimia Nervosa; Child; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Olanzapine; Psychotropic Drugs; Risperidone; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin Antagonists; Treatment Outcome

There is little information about the pharmacological treatment of avoidant and restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a challenging feeding disorder associated with marked impairment and developmental arrest. This brief clinical report seeks to fill this gap.. A retrospective chart review of nine patients with ARFID treated in an eating disorder (ED) program (residential, partial hospital, and intensive outpatient levels of care) with adjunctive olanzapine was undertaken.. The mean initial and final olanzapine doses were 0.9 + 0.63 mg/day and 2.8 + 1.47 mg/day, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in weight gain pre- versus post-olanzapine treatment (3.3 ± 7.3 lbs vs. 13.1 ± 7.9 lbs [2.99 ± 6.62 lb SI vs. 11.88 ± 7.17 lb SI], paired t-test (p < 0.04, t = -2.48). Clinically, adjunctive olanzapine was helpful for not only weight gain but also reduction of associated anxious, depressive, and cognitive symptoms. Clinical Global Impressions scale scores indicated marked improvement in patients receiving adjunctive olanzapine.. These cases illustrate that judicious use of low-dose olanzapine, when used as an adjunct to other treatment modalities, may facilitate eating, weight gain, and the reduction of anxious, depressive, and cognitive symptoms in ARFID patients. Future randomized, placebo-controlled studies in ARFID are warranted.

Topics: Adolescent; Anorexia Nervosa; Antipsychotic Agents; Appetite Regulation; Benzodiazepines; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Olanzapine; Retrospective Studies; Weight Gain

To identify the frequency and characteristics of eating disorders in patients with schizophrenia treated with second generation antipsychotics.. A sample included 56 patients (48 women and 8 men, mean age 28 ± 4.5 years) with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Patients received risperidone, quetiapine and olanzapine. The study employed clinical-anamnestic, endocrinological methods and assessment of eating behavior with DEBQ (The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). All of the patients had extra Body mass or obesity: extra Body mass of the 1st grade was found in 18 patients (BMI<30 kg/m²) and obesity grade 2-3 in 38 patients (BMI>30 kg/m²).. Authors identified different types of eating disorders: external, restrictive and emotiogenic as well as the relationship of their prevalence and severity with sex, drug, presence and grade of obesity. Based on these. we developed recommendations for management of patients treated with second generation antipsychotics.. Цель исследования - установление частоты и особенностей пищевого поведения у больных шизофренией при лечении антипсихотиками второго поколения. Материал и методы. Выборку составили 56 пациентов, 48 женщин и 8 мужчин, с диагнозами 'шизофрения' и 'шизоаффективное расстройство'. Их средний возраст был 28±4,5 года. Больные лечились рисперидоном, кветиапином и оланзапином. Исследование включало клинико-анамнестический, эндокринологический методы и тестирование стереотипа пищевого поведения с помощью специального опросника DEBQ. У всех обследованных были выявлены избыточная масса тела или ожирение: избыточная масса тела 1-й степени - у 18 пациентов (ИМТ до 30 кг/м2) и ожирение 2-3-й степени - у 38 (ИМТ более 30 кг/м2). Результаты и заключение. Выявлены разные типы нарушений пищевого поведения - экстернальный, ограничительный и эмоциогенный и зависимость их частоты и выраженности от пола, лечебного препарата, наличия и степени ожирения. На основе полученных данных были сформулированы рекомендации в отношении тактики ведения пациентов, находящихся на терапии антипсихотиками второго поколения.

Topics: Adult; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Dibenzothiazepines; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Obesity; Olanzapine; Psychotic Disorders; Quetiapine Fumarate; Risperidone; Schizophrenia; Young Adult

Antipsychotic-induced weight gain is a problematic side effect. The mechanism is still not fully understood. Carbohydrate (and possibly other food) cravings have been suggested in literature, but not been systematically investigated.. To investigate the hypothesis that food cravings, especially for carbohydrate, are responsible for olanzapine-induced weight gain.. A case control design was used to measure general and specific food cravings using Food Craving Inventory (White et al., 2002) in three groups: patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia taking olanzapine (Number = 20) or typical antipsychotics (Number = 20) and in a healthy control group (Number = 20).. No statistically significant differences were found between the three groups in the craving scores. There was a trend in the typical group to show more cravings than other groups.. Our study failed to prove the hypothesis that carbohydrate craving is responsible for olanzapine-induced weight gain. This conclusion is limited by the small number of the subjects included.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Case-Control Studies; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Weight Gain; Young Adult

Olanzapine has been recently tried to relieve anxiety and hyperactivity in adolescents with eating disorders (EDs). Presently, the side effects of the drug have been evaluated.. Forty-seven adolescents with EDs were followed up by repeated blood sampling before, during, and at 3 months after medication with olanzapine.. Olanzapine medication was discontinued in three patients because of galactorrhea, seizures, and raised liver enzyme activities, respectively. There was a normalization of glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles during treatment, which was related to weight gain and resumption of menstruations but not to medication. Increases in thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin were related to olanzapine medication and comedication with selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors. Three months after discontinuing medication, there were no persisting biochemical effects.. The side effects observed were those previously described for olanzapine. Most biochemical changes were related to weight (change) and amenorrhea and not to medication. Placebo-controlled studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of olanzapine in adolescents with EDs.

Topics: Adolescent; Amenorrhea; Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Body Weight; Child; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Olanzapine

Topics: Antiemetics; Benzodiazepines; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Growth Hormone; Humans; Nerve Growth Factors; Obesity; Olanzapine

Topics: Antipsychotic Agents; Benzodiazepines; Bipolar Disorder; Drug Therapy, Combination; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Lithium; Male; Middle Aged; Olanzapine; Pirenzepine; Sleep Wake Disorders; Somnambulism