nitrous oxide has been researched along with Labor Pain in 39 studies
Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.
dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream.
Labor Pain: Pain associated with OBSTETRIC LABOR in CHILDBIRTH. It is caused primarily by UTERINE CONTRACTION as well as pressure on the CERVIX; BLADDER; and the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Labor pain mostly occurs in the ABDOMEN; the GROIN; and the BACK.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The aim of performing this study was comparison of Entonox and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in labor pain in Zanjan city, Iran." | 9.51 | Comparison of entonox and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in labor pain: a randomized clinical trial study. ( Maryami, N; Molaei, B; Rashtchi, V, 2022) |
| "We systematically reviewed evidence addressing the effectiveness of nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain, the influence of nitrous oxide on women's satisfaction with their birth experience and labor pain management, and adverse effects associated with nitrous oxide for labor pain management." | 8.90 | Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review. ( Andrews, JC; Collins, MR; Lewis, RM; Likis, FE; McPheeters, ML; Seroogy, JJ; Starr, SA; Walden, RR, 2014) |
| "The nitrous oxide group was that pregnant women inhaled nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen (50%:50%), the pregnant women of the CSEA group were injected fentanyl and bupivacaine in the subarachnoid and epidural space, analgesic was not used in the control group." | 6.70 | Clinical study on labor pain relief using the combined spinal-epidural analgesia and inhaling nitrous oxide. ( Ji, X; Liu, A; Qi, H, 2002) |
| "The aim of performing this study was comparison of Entonox and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in labor pain in Zanjan city, Iran." | 5.51 | Comparison of entonox and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in labor pain: a randomized clinical trial study. ( Maryami, N; Molaei, B; Rashtchi, V, 2022) |
| "Entonox (N2O2) which is an inhalational gas for relieving labor pain is commonly used intermittently; however some women are interested in continuous breathing in face mask." | 5.19 | Effects of continuous use of Entonox in comparison with intermittent method on obstetric outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. ( Agah, J; Baghani, R; Safiabadi Tali, SH; Tabarraei, Y, 2014) |
| "We systematically reviewed evidence addressing the effectiveness of nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain, the influence of nitrous oxide on women's satisfaction with their birth experience and labor pain management, and adverse effects associated with nitrous oxide for labor pain management." | 4.90 | Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review. ( Andrews, JC; Collins, MR; Lewis, RM; Likis, FE; McPheeters, ML; Seroogy, JJ; Starr, SA; Walden, RR, 2014) |
| "The nitrous oxide group was that pregnant women inhaled nitrous oxide premixed with oxygen (50%:50%), the pregnant women of the CSEA group were injected fentanyl and bupivacaine in the subarachnoid and epidural space, analgesic was not used in the control group." | 2.70 | Clinical study on labor pain relief using the combined spinal-epidural analgesia and inhaling nitrous oxide. ( Ji, X; Liu, A; Qi, H, 2002) |
| "Nitrous oxide was offered to 26% (n = 55) of eligible women." | 2.61 | Implementation of an Evidence-Based Practice Change to Offer Nitrous Oxide During Labor. ( Beal, CC; DeButy, K; Houser, T, 2019) |
| "Despite being less effective in treating labor pain than neuraxial analgesic modalities, nitrous oxide serves the needs and preferences of a subset of laboring parturients." | 2.55 | Should Nitrous Oxide Be Used for Laboring Patients? ( Baysinger, CL; Lopez, BM; Richardson, MG, 2017) |
| "Nitrous oxide (N2O) has been used nationally as an analgesic in many clinical settings." | 1.72 | Multicenter Study Evaluating Nitrous Oxide Use for Labor Analgesia at High- and Low-Altitude Institutions. ( Amura, CR; Anderson, J; Arbet, J; Collins, MR; Mayer, DC; Nodine, P; Orlando, BS; Stein, D; Wood, C, 2022) |
| "Women desire safe and effective choices for pain management during labor." | 1.56 | Nitrous Oxide Use During Labor: Satisfaction, Adverse Effects, and Predictors of Conversion to Neuraxial Analgesia. ( Anderson, JL; Collins, MR; Mayer, DC; McNair, BK; Nodine, PM; Orlando, BS; Stein, DJ; Wood, CL, 2020) |
| "Nitrous oxide by inhalation has been used in Australia since the 1950s and improved methods of administration have made this method of analgesia safe and practical." | 1.42 | Developments in labour analgesia and their use in Australia. ( Callaway, L; Eley, VA; van Zundert, AA, 2015) |
| "Self-administered nitrous oxide relieves labour pain in approximately two-thirds of women, and there is a dose-response with a maximum effect at a concentration of 70%." | 1.35 | [Dinitrogen monoxide in the treatment of labor pains]. ( Ahonen, J; Sainio, S; Tarvonen, M, 2009) |
| "The association between obstetric pain relief and long-term memory of pain is poorly researched in spite of the fact that a woman's memory of childbirth may affect her emotional wellbeing and future reproduction." | 1.33 | Obstetric pain relief and its association with remembrance of labor pain at two months and one year after birth. ( Irestedt, L; Waldenström, U, 2006) |
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 1 (2.56) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 8 (20.51) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 24 (61.54) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (15.38) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Wood, C | 1 |
| Arbet, J | 1 |
| Amura, CR | 1 |
| Nodine, P | 1 |
| Collins, MR | 3 |
| Orlando, BS | 2 |
| Mayer, DC | 2 |
| Stein, D | 1 |
| Anderson, J | 1 |
| Chantrasiri, R | 1 |
| Wanapirak, C | 1 |
| Tongsong, T | 1 |
| Firth, PG | 1 |
| Rollins, MD | 1 |
| Nanji, JA | 1 |
| Carvalho, B | 2 |
| Nodine, PM | 1 |
| Wood, CL | 1 |
| Anderson, JL | 1 |
| McNair, BK | 1 |
| Stein, DJ | 1 |
| Rashtchi, V | 1 |
| Maryami, N | 1 |
| Molaei, B | 1 |
| Migliaccio, L | 1 |
| Lawton, R | 1 |
| Leeman, L | 1 |
| Holbrook, A | 1 |
| Jochberger, S | 1 |
| Ortner, C | 1 |
| Klein, KU | 1 |
| Sutton, CD | 1 |
| Butwick, AJ | 1 |
| Riley, ET | 1 |
| Richardson, MG | 3 |
| Baysinger, CL | 3 |
| Chestnut, DH | 2 |
| Fragneto M D, RY | 1 |
| Gaiser M D, R | 1 |
| Hellams, A | 1 |
| Sprague, T | 1 |
| Saldanha, C | 1 |
| Archambault, M | 1 |
| Raymond, BL | 1 |
| Kook, BT | 1 |
| Zafirova, Z | 1 |
| Sheehan, C | 1 |
| Hosseinian, L | 1 |
| Czech, I | 1 |
| Fuchs, P | 1 |
| Fuchs, A | 1 |
| Lorek, M | 1 |
| Tobolska-Lorek, D | 1 |
| Drosdzol-Cop, A | 1 |
| Sikora, J | 1 |
| Houser, T | 1 |
| DeButy, K | 1 |
| Beal, CC | 1 |
| Potter, J | 1 |
| Perez-Velasco, D | 1 |
| Maxymiv, NG | 1 |
| Graham, J | 1 |
| Faircloth, A | 1 |
| Thakrar, S | 1 |
| King, TL | 1 |
| Wong, CA | 1 |
| Likis, FE | 1 |
| Andrews, JC | 1 |
| Lewis, RM | 1 |
| Seroogy, JJ | 1 |
| Starr, SA | 1 |
| Walden, RR | 1 |
| McPheeters, ML | 1 |
| Lyons, A | 1 |
| Forrester, M | 1 |
| Agah, J | 1 |
| Baghani, R | 1 |
| Safiabadi Tali, SH | 1 |
| Tabarraei, Y | 1 |
| Lindholm, A | 1 |
| Hildingsson, I | 1 |
| Eley, VA | 1 |
| Callaway, L | 1 |
| van Zundert, AA | 1 |
| Burgos, J | 1 |
| Pijoan, JI | 1 |
| Osuna, C | 1 |
| Cobos, P | 1 |
| Rodriguez, L | 1 |
| Centeno, Mdel M | 1 |
| Serna, R | 1 |
| Jimenez, A | 1 |
| Garcia, E | 1 |
| Fernandez-Llebrez, L | 1 |
| Melchor, JC | 1 |
| Lopez, BM | 1 |
| Borup, L | 1 |
| Wurlitzer, W | 1 |
| Hedegaard, M | 1 |
| Kesmodel, US | 1 |
| Hvidman, L | 1 |
| Chi, C | 1 |
| Lee, CA | 1 |
| England, A | 1 |
| Hingorani, J | 1 |
| Paintsil, J | 1 |
| Kadir, RA | 1 |
| Ahonen, J | 1 |
| Tarvonen, M | 1 |
| Sainio, S | 1 |
| Talebi, H | 1 |
| Nourozi, A | 1 |
| Jamilian, M | 1 |
| Baharfar, N | 1 |
| Eghtesadi-Araghi, P | 1 |
| Reynolds, F | 1 |
| Klomp, T | 1 |
| van Poppel, M | 1 |
| Jones, L | 1 |
| Lazet, J | 1 |
| Di Nisio, M | 1 |
| Lagro-Janssen, AL | 1 |
| Devane, D | 1 |
| Rooks, JP | 2 |
| Ji, X | 1 |
| Qi, H | 1 |
| Liu, A | 1 |
| PLOTZ, J | 1 |
| McNeill, JA | 1 |
| Alderdice, FA | 1 |
| McMurray, F | 1 |
| Waldenström, U | 1 |
| Irestedt, L | 1 |
| Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immersive Virtual Reality Improves Satisfaction In Laboring Women[NCT05032456] | 42 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-11-13 | Completed | |||
| Effect of Epidural Dexmedetomidine VS Nalbuphine for Labor Analgesia[NCT05327088] | Phase 2 | 64 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2021-09-12 | Completed | ||
| Randomized Controlled Trial of Nitrous Oxide Analgesia in External Cephalic Version (ECV)[NCT03502915] | Phase 3 | 48 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-01-30 | Completed | ||
| Pethidine Versus Nitrous Oxide for Pain Relief During Labor Among Multiparous. A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT02783508] | 214 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-08-31 | Completed | |||
| Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises During the Second Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Duration[NCT04556643] | 264 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2020-01-15 | Completed | |||
| Auricular Acupuncture as Adjunct for Pain Management During First Trimester Uterine Aspiration.[NCT03391986] | 153 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-09-09 | Completed | |||
| Comparing Pain Relief in Early Labor: Nitrous Oxide Versus Butorphonol Study[NCT01636999] | 0 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2012-09-30 | Withdrawn | |||
| Improving Labour Induction Analgesia: a Randomized Control Trial of Single Epidural Fentanyl Bolus at Epidural Initiation for Induction of Labour[NCT04011098] | Phase 1 | 5 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2019-07-01 | Terminated (stopped due to Unable to meet recruitment numbers, lack of participation) | ||
| Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation During Labor. A Triple Blind Randomized Clinical Trial[NCT03137251] | 63 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-05-01 | Completed | |||
| [information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] | |||||||
Anxiety scores will be collected following each version attempt using an 11 point scale (0 being not at all anxious; 10 being extremely anxious), ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more anxiety, lower scores indicate less anxiety. If more than one attempt, anxiety scores will be averaged to obtain a single score for the entire procedure. (NCT03502915)
Timeframe: During each version procedure, a total average of up to approximately 30 minutes
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Nitrous Oxide | 4.696 |
| Oxygen | 4.253 |
Pain scores will be collected following each version attempt using an 11 point scale (with 0 being no pain at all; 10 being worst pain imaginable), ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more pain, lower scores indicate less pain. If more than one attempt, pain scores will be averaged to obtain a single score for the entire procedure. (NCT03502915)
Timeframe: During each version procedure, a total average of up to approximately 30 minutes
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Nitrous Oxide | 5.486 |
| Oxygen | 5.433 |
Pain scores will be collected following completion of the version using an 11 point scale (0 being no pain at all; 10 being worst pain imaginable), ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more pain, lower scores indicate less pain. (NCT03502915)
Timeframe: Immediately Post-procedure, within approximately 15 minutes of final version attempt
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Nitrous Oxide | 1 |
| Oxygen | 0.88 |
Satisfaction will be assessed following the procedure using an 11 point scale (0 being not at all satisfied; 10 being extremely satisfied), ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate more satisfaction, lower scores indicate less satisfaction. (NCT03502915)
Timeframe: Immediately Post-procedure, within approximately 15 minutes of final version attempt
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Nitrous Oxide | 4.286 |
| Oxygen | 6.920 |
Following the procedure, the obstetric provider performing the procedure will rate the ease of procedure on a 1-10 scale (1 being very easy and 10 being extremely difficult), ranging from 1 to 10. Higher scores indicate more difficulty, lower scores indicate less difficulty. A 10 point scale was used for this outcome, while an 11 point scale was used for the other 4 outcome measures (pain, anxiety, post-procedure pain and satisfaction). (NCT03502915)
Timeframe: Immediately Post-procedure, within approximately 15 minutes of final version attempt
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Nitrous Oxide | 6.136 |
| Oxygen | 6.080 |
Measure effectiveness of placebo as an adjunct to ibuprofen and paracervical block for pain control during uterine aspiration by comparing the maximum pain score; as measured by VAS between women randomized to receive placebo adhesives and routine care controls - using a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS-P) (anchors: 0 mm = no pain, 100 mm = worst pain in my life). (NCT03391986)
Timeframe: prior to the procedure (baseline), at the completion of the procedure (approximately 10 minutes later)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Placebo Adhesives | 70.0 |
| Routine Care | 71.0 |
Using a satisfaction survey (investigator-developed, 6 questions, each question is graded on a scale of 1-5, 1 being very poor and 5 being very good) to measure effectiveness of auricular acupuncture for improving satisfaction. (NCT03391986)
Timeframe: at the completion of the procedure (approximately 5-10 minutes)
| Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
|---|---|
| Pyonex Needles | 94 |
| Routine Care | 76 |
Measure effectiveness of auricular acupuncture as an adjunct to ibuprofen and paracervical block for pain control during first trimester uterine aspiration by comparing the maximum pain score; as measured by VAS between women randomized to receive auricular acupuncture and routine care controls - using a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS-P) (anchors: 0 mm = no pain, 100 mm = worst pain in my life). The VAS has no sub-scales. (NCT03391986)
Timeframe: at the completion of the procedure (approximately 10 minutes later)
| Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
|---|---|
| Pyonex Needles | 39.5 |
| Routine Care | 71.0 |
11 reviews available for nitrous oxide and Labor Pain
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Pain management during labor and vaginal birth.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Local; Female; Hu | 2020 |
[Pain therapy during labour].
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Pain Measure | 2017 |
Nitrous oxide for labor analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Pregnanc | 2018 |
Update on nitrous oxide and its use in anesthesia practice.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesiology; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Preg | 2018 |
Implementation of an Evidence-Based Practice Change to Offer Nitrous Oxide During Labor.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Evidence-Based Practice; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetr | 2019 |
Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apgar Score; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Huma | 2014 |
Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apgar Score; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Huma | 2014 |
Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apgar Score; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Huma | 2014 |
Nitrous oxide for the management of labor pain: a systematic review.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Apgar Score; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Huma | 2014 |
Should Nitrous Oxide Be Used for Laboring Patients?
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric; Nitrous Oxide; Patient Satisf | 2017 |
Labour analgesia and the baby: good news is no news.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Apgar Score; Breast Feedin | 2011 |
Labour analgesia and the baby: good news is no news.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Apgar Score; Breast Feedin | 2011 |
Labour analgesia and the baby: good news is no news.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Apgar Score; Breast Feedin | 2011 |
Labour analgesia and the baby: good news is no news.
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Opioid; Apgar Score; Breast Feedin | 2011 |
Inhaled analgesia for pain management in labour.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Fema | 2012 |
Inhaled analgesia for pain management in labour.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Fema | 2012 |
Labor pain management other than neuraxial: what do we know and where do we go next?
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric | 2012 |
7 trials available for nitrous oxide and Labor Pain
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Entonox
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Cesarean Section; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Labor Pain; Meperidine; Nitro | 2021 |
Comparison of entonox and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in labor pain: a randomized clinical trial study.
Topics: Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Oxygen; Pregnancy; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulat | 2022 |
Effects of continuous use of Entonox in comparison with intermittent method on obstetric outcomes: a randomized clinical trial.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Apgar Score; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; N | 2014 |
Increased pain relief with remifentanil does not improve the success rate of external cephalic version: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Breech Presentation; Cesarean Section; Early Termination of Clinical Trials; Fema | 2016 |
Acupuncture as pain relief during delivery: a randomized controlled trial.
Topics: Acupuncture Analgesia; Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesics; Female; Humans; Hydrotherapy; Labor P | 2009 |
Entonox for labor pain: a randomized placebo controlled trial.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthetics, Combined; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Oxygen; Pregnan | 2009 |
Clinical study on labor pain relief using the combined spinal-epidural analgesia and inhaling nitrous oxide.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric; Nitrous O | 2002 |
21 other studies available for nitrous oxide and Labor Pain
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Multicenter Study Evaluating Nitrous Oxide Use for Labor Analgesia at High- and Low-Altitude Institutions.
Topics: Adult; Altitude; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Colorado; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; North | 2022 |
Nitrous Oxide for Labor Analgesia at Altitude.
Topics: Altitude; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Pregnancy | 2022 |
Nitrous Oxide Use During Labor: Satisfaction, Adverse Effects, and Predictors of Conversion to Neuraxial Analgesia.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Inhalatio | 2020 |
Initiating Intrapartum Nitrous Oxide in an Academic Hospital: Considerations and Challenges.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Hospitals, | 2017 |
Nitrous oxide for labor analgesia: Utilization and predictors of conversion to neuraxial analgesia.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Inhalatio | 2017 |
Informed Consent and Nitrous Oxide for Labor Analgesia.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Humans; Informed Consent; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric; Nitrous | 2017 |
Labor analgesia: We need to better understand and educate our obstetric patients.
Topics: Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Delivery, Obstetri | 2017 |
A qualitative analysis of parturients' experiences using nitrous oxide for labor analgesia: It is not just about pain relief.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Natural Childbirth; Nit | 2019 |
Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological Methods of Labour Pain Relief-Establishment of Effectiveness and Comparison.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Baths; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Immersion; Labor Pain; Ni | 2018 |
A combination of inhaled nitrous oxide and low-dose ketamine infusion for labor analgesia.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesics; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 2019 |
Nitrous oxide for labor pain: is it a laughing matter?
Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Pain Management; Pregnancy | 2014 |
How to ... administer Entonox.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Nurse Midwives; Oxygen; Pregnancy | 2011 |
How to... clarification.
Topics: Anesthetics, Combined; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Nurse Midwives; Oxygen; Pregnancy | 2011 |
Women's preferences and received pain relief in childbirth - A prospective longitudinal study in a northern region of Sweden.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Baths; Delivery, Obstetric; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric | 2015 |
Developments in labour analgesia and their use in Australia.
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Australia; Chloroform; Female; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; | 2015 |
Obstetric analgesia and anaesthesia in women with inherited bleeding disorders.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Combined; Blood Coag | 2009 |
[Dinitrogen monoxide in the treatment of labor pains].
Topics: Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Nitrous Oxide; Pregnanc | 2009 |
[Automatic inhaler for mixed nitrous oxide-oxygen anesthesia controlled by the patient in alleviation of labor pains].
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesiology; Female; Humans; Labor Pain; Labor, Obstetric; Nebulizers and Vaporizers; | 1950 |
A retrospective cohort study exploring the relationship between antenatal reflexology and intranatal outcomes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Combined; Apgar Score; Delivery, Obstetric; | 2006 |
Obstetric pain relief and its association with remembrance of labor pain at two months and one year after birth.
Topics: Adult; Analgesia, Epidural; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Association; Cohort Stu | 2006 |
Nitrous oxide for pain in labor--why not in the United States?
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Analgesia, Obstetrical; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; Europe; Female; H | 2007 |