nitrogen-dioxide and Schizophrenia

Ambient air pollution has been identified as a primary risk factor for mental disorders. In recent years, the relationship between exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for schizophrenia has garnered increasing scientific interest, but evidence from epidemiological studies has been inconsistent. Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to comprehensively identify potential correlations.. A literature search in 3 international databases was conducted before December 31, 2022. Relative risk (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the associations. Summary effect sizes were calculated using a random-effects model due to the expected heterogeneity (I2 over 50%).. A total of ten eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis, including 1,412,860 participants. The pooled analysis found that an increased risk of HAs for schizophrenia was associated with exposure to each increase of 10 μg/m3 in NO2 (RR = 1.029, 95% CI = 1.016-1.041, P < .001). However, the heterogeneity was high for the summary estimates, reducing the credibility of the evidence. In 2-pollutant models, results for NO2 increased by 0.3%, 0.2% and 2.3%, respectively, after adjusting for PM2.5, PM10 and SO2.. This study provides evidence that NO2 exposure significantly increases the risk of hospital admission for schizophrenia. Future studies are required to clarify the potential biological mechanism between schizophrenia and NO2 exposure to provide a more definitive result.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Environmental Exposure; Hospitals; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Schizophrenia

Air pollution may alter the composition of gut microbiome and subsequent liver-related metabolic disorders. Schizophrenia was often accompanied by liver dysfunction. But it was still unclear whether air pollutants affected liver function in patients with schizophrenia through gut microbiome. We aimed to clarify the impacts of long-term air pollutants on the gut microbiome and liver function in schizophrenia and to evaluate the intermediary effect of microbiome. Schizophrenia patients were recruited then serum biochemical indicators were tested. Air pollutant exposure in the previous year was retrospectively estimated by inverse distance weighting. The associations among air pollutants, gut microbiome, and liver function indicators in schizophrenia were estimated. Then the mediating effect of gut microbiome was further explored. The results showed that nitrogen dioxide (NO

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Environmental Exposure; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Liver; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Retrospective Studies; Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder, and recent studies have suggested that exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during childhood is associated with an elevated risk of subsequently developing schizophrenia. However, it is not known whether the increased risk associated with NO2 exposure is owing to a greater genetic liability among those exposed to highest NO2 levels.. To examine the associations between childhood NO2 exposure and genetic liability for schizophrenia (as measured by a polygenic risk score), and risk of developing schizophrenia.. Population-based cohort study including individuals with schizophrenia (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision code F20) and a randomly selected subcohort. Using national registry data, all individuals born in Denmark between May 1, 1981, and December 31, 2002, were followed up from their 10th birthday until the first occurrence of schizophrenia, emigration, death, or December 31, 2012, whichever came first. Statistical analyses were conducted between October 24, 2018, and June 17, 2019.. Individual exposure to NO2 during childhood estimated as mean daily exposure to NO2 at residential addresses from birth to the 10th birthday. Polygenic risk scores were calculated as the weighted sum of risk alleles at selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms based on genetic material obtained from dried blood spot samples from the Danish Newborn Screening Biobank and on the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium genome-wide association study summary statistics file.. The main outcome was schizophrenia. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for schizophrenia with 95% CIs according to the exposures.. Of a total of 23 355 individuals, 11 976 (51.3%) were male and all had Danish-born parents. During the period of the study, 3531 were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Higher polygenic risk scores were correlated with higher childhood NO2 exposure (ρ = 0.0782; 95% CI, 0.065-0.091; P < .001). A 10-μg/m3 increase in childhood daily NO2 exposure (AHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15-1.32) and a 1-SD increase in polygenic risk score (AHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.23-1.35) were independently associated with increased schizophrenia risk.. These findings suggest that the apparent association between NO2 exposure and schizophrenia is only slightly confounded by a higher polygenic risk score for schizophrenia among individuals living in areas with greater NO2. The findings demonstrate the utility of including polygenic risk scores in epidemiologic studies.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Air Pollutants; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Registries; Risk Assessment; Schizophrenia; Young Adult

Schizophrenia is a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder with increasing concern. Limited studies have been conducted to assess the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and schizophrenia attacks. This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and schizophrenia outpatient visits based on a time-series study performed in China. Daily data of schizophrenia outpatient admissions and air pollution from 1 October 2010 to 31 December 2013 were collected in Xi'an, a heavily-polluted city in China. We utilized a time-series Poisson regression model to examine the associations between short-term air pollution and schizophrenia outpatient visits with different lag days. A total of 34,865 outpatient-visits for schizophrenia were identified. A 10 μg/m

Topics: Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Ambulatory Care; China; Female; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outpatients; Particulate Matter; Schizophrenia; Sulfur Dioxide

Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder affecting more than 21 million people worldwide. Short-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO. Daily number of HAs for schizophrenia was derived from the computerised medical record system of Anhui Mental Health Center. We used a time-series Poisson generalised linear regression combined with distributed lag non-linear models to model the NO. A total of 11 373 HAs were identified during the study period. An increase in levels of NO. Short-term exposure to NO

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Air Pollution; China; Environmental Exposure; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Risk Assessment; Schizophrenia; Time Factors; Young Adult