nitrogen-dioxide and Psychotic-Disorders

The physical environmental risk factors for psychotic disorders are poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the associations between exposure to ambient air pollution, climate measures and risk of hospitalization for psychotic disorders and uncover potential disparities by demographic, community factors.. Using Health Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) State Inpatient Databases (SIDs), we applied zero-inflated negative binomial regression to obtain relative risks of hospitalization due to psychotic disorders associated with increases in residential exposure to ambient air pollution (fine particulate matter, PM. Over the study period and among the covered areas, we identified 1,211,100 admissions due to psychotic disorders. For each interquartile (IQR) increase in exposure to PM. The study suggests that living in areas with higher levels of air pollutants and ambient temperature could contribute to additional risk of inpatient care for individuals with psychotic disorders.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Environmental Exposure; Hospitalization; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Psychotic Disorders

Urbanicity is a well-established risk factor for clinical (eg, schizophrenia) and subclinical (eg, hearing voices and paranoia) expressions of psychosis. To our knowledge, no studies have examined the association of air pollution with adolescent psychotic experiences, despite air pollution being a major environmental problem in cities.. To examine the association between exposure to air pollution and adolescent psychotic experiences and test whether exposure mediates the association between urban residency and adolescent psychotic experiences.. The Environmental-Risk Longitudinal Twin Study is a population-based cohort study of 2232 children born during the period from January 1, 1994, through December 4, 1995, in England and Wales and followed up from birth through 18 years of age. The cohort represents the geographic and socioeconomic composition of UK households. Of the original cohort, 2066 (92.6%) participated in assessments at 18 years of age, of whom 2063 (99.9%) provided data on psychotic experiences. Generation of the pollution data was completed on October 4, 2017, and data were analyzed from May 4 to November 21, 2018.. High-resolution annualized estimates of exposure to 4 air pollutants-nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 (PM2.5) and less than 10 μm (PM10)-were modeled for 2012 and linked to the home addresses of the sample plus 2 commonly visited locations when the participants were 18 years old.. At 18 years of age, participants were privately interviewed regarding adolescent psychotic experiences. Urbanicity was estimated using 2011 census data.. Among the 2063 participants who provided data on psychotic experiences, sex was evenly distributed (52.5% female). Six hundred twenty-three participants (30.2%) had at least 1 psychotic experience from 12 to 18 years of age. Psychotic experiences were significantly more common among adolescents with the highest (top quartile) level of annual exposure to NO2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% CI, 1.28-2.28), NOx (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.30-2.29), and PM2.5 (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.11-1.90). Together NO2 and NOx statistically explained 60% of the association between urbanicity and adolescent psychotic experiences. No evidence of confounding by family socioeconomic status, family psychiatric history, maternal psychosis, childhood psychotic symptoms, adolescent smoking and substance dependence, or neighborhood socioeconomic status, crime, and social conditions occurred.. In this study, air pollution exposure-particularly NO2 and NOx-was associated with increased odds of adolescent psychotic experiences, which partly explained the association between urban residency and adolescent psychotic experiences. Biological (eg, neuroinflammation) and psychosocial (eg, stress) mechanisms are plausible.

Topics: Adolescent; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Child; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Nitrogen Oxides; Particulate Matter; Psychotic Disorders

Until now, epidemiological studies on the association between psychosis morbidity and air pollutants are scarce, especially in a developing country. Thus, a time-series analysis on the short-term association between the daily disease (psychosis and non-accidental) morbidity and air pollutants including particulate matter (PM) with diameters of 10 μm or less (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was firstly conducted. The association between daily psychosis morbidity stratified by sex and age, and outdoor air pollutants in Tianjin as an important metropolis in China was examined. The psychosis effect from air pollutants in the warm season (April-September) and the cool season (October-March) was also analyzed, respectively. An increase of 10 μg/m(3) in a 2-day average concentration of PM10, SO2, and NO2 corresponded to an increase in all non-accidental morbidity of 0.15%, 0.49%, and 0.57%, respectively. The association between non-accidental morbidity and SO2 in the cool season was significantly different from that in the warm season. These findings might have implications and references for local governments to make policies for air pollution control and management, and public health prevention.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; China; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Morbidity; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Psychotic Disorders; Sulfur Dioxide

There is mixed evidence suggesting that air pollution may be associated with increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders. We aimed to investigate the association between air pollution and non-specific perceived stress, often a precursor to development of affective psychiatric disorders.. This longitudinal analysis consisted of 987 older men participating in at least one visit for the Veterans Administration Normative Aging Study between 1995 and 2007 (n = 2,244 visits). At each visit, participants were administered the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), which quantifies stress experienced in the previous week. Scores ranged from 0-56 with higher scores indicating increased stress. Differences in PSS score per interquartile range increase in moving average (1, 2, and 4-weeks) of air pollution exposures were estimated using linear mixed-effects regression after adjustment for age, race, education, physical activity, anti-depressant medication use, seasonality, meteorology, and day of week. We also evaluated effect modification by season (April-September and March-October for warm and cold season, respectively).. Fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), nitrogen dioxide, and particle number counts (PNC) at moving averages of 1, 2, and 4-weeks were associated with higher perceived stress ratings. The strongest associations were observed for PNC; for example, a 15,997 counts/cm(3) interquartile range increase in 1-week average PNC was associated with a 3.2 point (95%CI: 2.1-4.3) increase in PSS score. Season modified the associations for specific pollutants; higher PSS scores in association with PM2.5, BC, and sulfate were observed mainly in colder months.. Air pollution was associated with higher levels of perceived stress in this sample of older men, particularly in colder months for specific pollutants.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Boston; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Psychotic Disorders; Seasons; Soot; Stress, Psychological; Time Factors; United States; United States Department of Veterans Affairs; Young Adult