nitrogen-dioxide and Otitis-Media

Despite mounting evidence linking outdoor air pollution with otitis media (OM), the role of air pollutant(s) exposure during which critical window(s) on childhood OM remains unknown.. We sought to identify the key air pollutant(s) and critical window(s) associated with the onset and recurrent attacks of OM in kindergarten children.. A combined cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study involving 8689 preschoolers aged 3-6 years was performed in Changsha, China. From 2013-2020, data on air pollutants were collected from ambient air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, and the exposure concentration to each child at their home address was calculated using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. The relationship between air pollution and OM in kindergarten children was studied using multiple logistic regression models.. Childhood lifetime OM was associated with PM. Early-life exposure to air pollution, particularly PM

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Child; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Otitis Media; Particulate Matter; Retrospective Studies

Many epidemiological studies have demonstrated the short-term effects of air pollution on acute otitis media (AOM) in children, but few studies have explored the association between AOM and air pollution in Chinese children. This study aimed to analyze the effects of air pollution on emergency visits for AOM among children through a time-stratified case-crossover design in Chongqing, China.. The outpatient medical records of children from nine main urban districts who presented with AOM between December 22, 2018 and December 21, 2021 were collected from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Data for air pollution variables, including the air quality index (AQI), particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM. Increases in AQI, PM. Short-term exposure to air pollution can increase emergency visits for AOM among children in Chongqing, China.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Child; Cross-Over Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Environmental Pollutants; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Otitis Media; Particulate Matter

AbstractOtitis media (OM) is a very common disease in children, which results in a significant economic burden to the healthcare system for hospital-based outpatient departments, emergency departments (EDs), unscheduled medical examinations, and antibiotic prescriptions. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to investigate the association between climate variables, air pollutants, and OM visits observed in the 2007-2010 period at the ED of Cuneo, Italy. Measures of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind) and outdoor air pollutants (particulate matter, ozone, nitrous dioxide) were analyzed at two statistical stages and in several specific steps (crude and adjusted models) according to Poisson's regression. Response variables included daily examinations for age groups 0-3, 0-6, and 0-18. Control variables included upper respiratory infections (URI), flu (FLU), and several calendar factors. A statistical procedure was implemented to capture any delayed effects. Results show a moderate association for temperature (T), age 0-3, and 0-6 with P < 0.05, as well as nitrous dioxide (NO

Topics: Adolescent; Air Pollutants; Child; Child, Preschool; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Italy; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Otitis Media; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Respiratory Tract Infections; Risk; Weather

Otitis media (OM) is a common infection in early childhood with repeated attacks that lead to long-term complications and sequelae, but its risk factors still remain unclear.. To examine the risk of childhood OM for different indoor and outdoor air pollutants during different timing windows, with a purpose to identify critical windows of exposure and key components of air pollution in the development of OM.. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1617 children aged 3-4 years in Changsha, China (2011-2012). Children's life-time prevalence of OM and exposure to indoor air pollution related to home renovation activities were surveyed by a questionnaire administered by the parents. Children's exposure to outdoor air pollution, including nitrogen dioxide (NO. Life-time prevalence of OM in preschool children (7.3%) was associated not only with prenatal exposure to industrial air pollutant with adjusted OR (95% CI) = 1.44 (1.09-1.88) for a 27 μg/m. Prenatal exposure to outdoor industrial air pollution and postnatal exposure to indoor renovation are independently associated with early childhood OM in China and may cause the OM onset.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution, Indoor; Child, Preschool; China; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Otitis Media; Particulate Matter; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires

Estimating the health effects of ambient air pollutant mixtures is necessary to understand the risk of real-life air pollution exposures.. Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) visit records for asthma or wheeze (n = 148,256), bronchitis (n = 84,597), pneumonia (n = 90,063), otitis media (n = 422,268) and upper respiratory tract infection (URI) (n = 744,942) were obtained from Georgia hospitals during 2002-2008. Spatially-contiguous daily concentrations of 11 ambient air pollutants were estimated from CMAQ model simulations that were fused with ground-based measurements. Using a case-crossover study design, odds ratios for 3-day moving average air pollutant concentrations were estimated using conditional logistic regression, matching on ZIP code, day-of-week, month, and year.. In multipollutant models, the association of highest magnitude observed for the asthma/wheeze outcome was with "oxidant gases" (O. Short-term exposures to air pollution mixtures were associated with ED visits for several different pediatric respiratory diseases.

Topics: Adolescent; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Ammonium Compounds; Carbon Monoxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Environmental Exposure; Georgia; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Nitrates; Nitrogen Dioxide; Odds Ratio; Otitis Media; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Sulfates; Sulfur Dioxide

Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common early childhood infections, resulting in an enormous economic burden to the health care system through unscheduled doctor visits and antibiotic prescriptions.. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between ambient air pollution exposure and emergency department (ED) visits for OM.. Ten years of ED data were obtained from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and linked to levels of air pollution: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter (PM) of median aerometric diameter < or = 10 and 2.5 pm (PM10 and PM2.5 respectively). A time-stratified case-crossover technique was applied to analyze the associations between ambient air pollution and health outcomes. Conditional logistic regression analysis with the subject's identification number as a stratum variable was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for meteorological factors.. We based the analysis on 14,527 ED visits for OM over 10 years in children 1-3 years of age. We observed statistically significant positive associations between ED visits for OM and interquartile increases in CO and NO2 levels after adjusting for ambient temperature and relative humidity. We observed the strongest associations (expressed by ORs) in the warmer months (April-September) in girls and all patients for exposure to CO and NO2, and in boys for exposure to CO, for 2 days before an OM ED visit.. These results support the hypothesis that ED visits for OM are associated with ambient air pollution.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alberta; Carbon Monoxide; Child, Preschool; Cross-Over Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Environmental Monitoring; Epidemiological Monitoring; Female; Humans; Infant; Inhalation Exposure; Logistic Models; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Odds Ratio; Otitis Media; Ozone; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Risk Factors; Sulfur Dioxide; Weather

Otitis media is one of the most common infections in young children. Although exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is a known risk factor associated with otitis media, little information is available regarding the potential association with air pollution.. We set out to study the relationship between exposure to traffic-related air pollution and otitis media in two birth cohorts.. Individual estimates of outdoor concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants-nitrogen dioxide, fine particles [particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters

Topics: Air Pollutants; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Germany; Humans; Infant; Inhalation Exposure; Male; Netherlands; Nitrogen Dioxide; Otitis Media; Particle Size; Risk Factors; Vehicle Emissions