nitrogen-dioxide and Conjunctivitis

The aim of this study is to further investigate the single and cumulative associations of SO

Topics: Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; China; Conjunctivitis; Female; Humans; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outpatients; Particulate Matter

Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory disease of the conjunctival tissue caused by a variety of causes; despite the conjunctiva being directly exposed to the external atmospheric environment, the important role of air pollution is not fully evaluated, especially in areas with poor air quality undergoing rapid economic and industrial development. Information on 59,731 outpatient conjunctivitis visits from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2020 was obtained from the Ophthalmology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Urumqi, Xinjiang, China), and data on six air pollutants including particulate matter with a median aerometric diameter of less than 10 and 2.5 mm (PM

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; China; Conjunctivitis; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outpatients; Particulate Matter

Conjunctivitis, one of the most common ocular surface diseases, can be caused by many contributors. However, the important role of air pollution has been inadequately evaluated, particularly in countries with poor air quality. This study aims to explore the possible association of short-term ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO. A total of 43,462 conjunctivitis patients from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2018 were identified from the Department of Ophthalmology of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China. Such data were linked to the daily mean concentration of NO. The association of NO. This study confirms the evidence that short-term NO

Topics: Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; China; Conjunctivitis; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Young Adult

Conjunctivitis has hazardous effects on patients' quality of life through influencing school performance, work productivity, and daily activities such as driving. However, limited evidence is available on the contributory role of air pollution on conjunctivitis, particularly in China.. We obtained data of 81,351 conjunctivitis outpatients from the largest comprehensive hospitals of four cities, China, between Jan 1, 2013 and Dec 31, 2014. Data on air pollutants, including particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter (PM. We found that the associations between air pollutants (per 10 μg/m. Short-term exposure to air pollution has impacts on outpatient visits for conjunctivitis in China. This study suggests that improving air quality could protect eye health.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Asthma; China; Cities; Conjunctivitis; Cross-Over Studies; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Odds Ratio; Outpatients; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Quality of Life; Sulfur Dioxide; Young Adult

Conjunctivitis, one of the most common ocular surface diseases, can be caused by many factors.. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between conjunctivitis and air pollutants.. Data of 9737 outpatient visits for conjunctivitis from July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2016 were obtained from the Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. The data were linked to data on the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO. A 10 μg/m. Our study provided evidence that outpatient visits for conjunctivitis were significantly associated with air pollution in Hangzhou, China.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Carbon Monoxide; China; Conjunctivitis; Cross-Over Studies; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outpatients; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Seasons; Sulfur Dioxide; Young Adult

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between emergency department (ED) visits for conjunctivitis and ambient air pollution levels in urban regions across the province of Ontario, Canada.. Information from the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System was used to create time-series records, for the period of April 2004 to December 2011, on emergency department visits of patients suffering from conjunctivitis. A total of 77 439 emergency department visits for conjunctivitis were analyzed. A time-stratified case-crossover design was applied, completed with meta-analysis in order to pool inter-city results. Odds ratio (OR) for an emergency department visit was calculated in different population strata per one-unit increase (one interquartile range - IQR increase in a pollutant's daily level) while controlling for the impacts of temperature and relative humidity.. Statistically significant positive results were observed in the female population sample, for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure lagged 5-8 days, with the highest result for the 7-day lag (OR = 1.035, 95% CI: 1.018-1.052) and for fine particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), for lags 6 and 7 days, with the highest result for lag 7 (OR = 1.017, 95% CI: 1.003-1.031). In the male population sample, statistically significant positive results were observed for NO2; at lag 5 days (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.004-1.045) and for ozone (O3), at lags 0-3 and 7 days, with the highest result for lag 0 (OR = 1.038, 95% CI: 1.012-1.056). Also for males, statistically significant results were observed in the case of PM2.5 exposure lagged by 5 days (OR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000-1.038) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure lagged by 1 and 2 days (OR = 1.016, 95% CI: 1.000-1.031 and OR = 1.018, 95% CI: 1.002-1.033).. The findings of this study suggest that there are associations between levels of air pollution and ED visits for conjunctivitis, with different temporal trends and strength of association by age, sex, and season.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Child; Child, Preschool; Cities; Conjunctivitis; Cross-Over Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ontario; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Sulfur Dioxide; Young Adult

From late July to the beginning of October 1997, countries of Southeast Asia experienced severe smoke haze pollution from uncontrolled forest fires mainly in the Indonesian states of Kalimantan and Sumatra. In Singapore, the impact of the 1997 haze was felt in the period from the end of August to the first week of November 1997 as a result of prevailing winds.. The Ministry of the Environment monitors ambient air quality by a country-wide telemetric air quality monitoring and management network, with 15 stations located throughout the island, linked via a public telephone network to a central control station at the Environment Building. The monitoring methods used are the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) reference methods. The Pollutant Standards Index (PSI) developed by the USEPA is used for the reporting of daily air pollution concentrations. Intervals on the PSI scale are related to the potential health effects of the daily measured concentrations of the five major air pollutants: sulfur dioxide, particulate matter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide, ozone and carbon monoxide. Public sector health facilities which come under the Ministry of Health, have computerized patient care systems which enable the routine ongoing surveillance of disease conditions for the period of the haze. Attention during the period of the haze was focused on conditions related to health effects of the haze. Data sources for the monitoring of the lung health effects of the haze included morbidity from public sector outpatient care facilities, accidents and emergency departments, public sector inpatient care facilities and national mortality data.. Findings from the health impact of the haze showed that there was a 30% increase in outpatient attendance for haze-related conditions. An increase in PM10 levels from 50 microg/m3 to 150 microg/m3 was significantly associated with increases of 12% of upper respiratory tract illness, 19% asthma and 26% rhinitis. Supplementary findings from scanning the electron microscopic sizing of the haze particles showed that 94% of the particles in the haze were below 2.5 microm in diameter. This was consistent with emissions from combustion sources originating over 500 km from Singapore. This has been of some concern because particles smaller than 2.5 microm in diameter can easily bypass normal body defence metabolism and penetrate deeply into the alveoli of the lungs. During the same period, there was also an increase in accident and emergency attendance for haze-related conditions. There was no significant increase in hospital admissions or in mortality.. The present study found that the health effects from the 1997 smoke haze in Singapore were generally mild.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Carbon Monoxide; Conjunctivitis; Dermatitis; Fires; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Singapore; Smoke; Sulfur Dioxide; Trees