nitrogen-dioxide and Cleft-Lip

The occurrence of orofacial Clefts (OFCs) is a congenital disease caused by many factors. According to recent studies, air pollution has a strong correlation with the occurrence of OFCs. However, there are still some controversies about the current research results, and there is no relevant research to review the latest results in recent years.. In this paper, the authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the correlation between ambient air pollution and the occurrence of neonatal OFCs deformity.. We searched Pubmed, Web of science, and Embase databases from the establishment of the database to May 2023. We included observational studies on the relationship between prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5), fine particulate matter 10 (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO) and the risk of cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), cleft lip with or without palate (CL/P). the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Funnel plot and Egger's regression were used to verify the publication bias. Random effect model or fixed effect model was used to estimate the combined relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI).. A total of eleven studies were included in this study, including four cohort studies and seven case-control studies, including 22,453 cases of OFCs. Ten studies had low risk of bias and only one study had high risk of bias. Three studies reported that PM. The results of this study showed that there was a significant statistical correlation between exposure to PM

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Pregnancy; Sulfur Dioxide

As current studies on the relationships between air pollutants exposure during the first trimester and birth defects were not fully elucidated, this study aimed to assess the association between selected air pollutants and birth defects.. An observational study.. We obtained 70 854 singletons with gestational age <20 weeks who were delivered at a large maternal and child healthcare centre in Wuhan, China.. Birth defects data and daily average concentration of ambient particulate matter ≤10 µm diameter (PM. There were a total of 1352 birth defect cases included in this study, with a prevalence of 19.08‰. Maternal exposed to high concentrations of PM. This study showed unfavourable effects of air pollutants exposure during the first trimester on birth defects. Especially, the association between maternal PM

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Child; China; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Maternal Exposure; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First

Evidence links exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy, particularly gaseous pollutants and particulate matter, to an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes though the results for birth defects have been inconsistent.. We compared estimated exposure to ambient air pollutants during early pregnancy among mothers of children with oral cleft defects (cases) to that among mothers of controls, adjusting for available risk factors from birth certificates. We obtained ambient air pollutant data from air monitoring sites in New Jersey for carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), particulate matter <10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and particulate matter <2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5). We used values from the nearest monitor (within 40 km of the residence at birth) for controls, cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP) and cleft palate only (CPO).. Based on logistic regression analyses for each contaminant and all contaminants together, there were no consistent elevated associations between selected air pollutants and cleft malformations. Quartile of CO concentration showed a consistent protective association with CPO (p < 0.01). For other contaminants, confidence intervals (95%) of the odds ratios for some quartiles excluded one. CLP showed limited evidence of an association with increasing SO(2) exposure while CPO showed weak associations with increasing O3 exposure.. There was little consistent evidence associating cleft malformations with maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants. Evaluating particular pollutants or disease subgroups would require more detailed measurement of exposure and classification of cleft defects.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Air Pollutants; Alcohol Drinking; Carbon Monoxide; Case-Control Studies; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Monitoring; Epidemiological Monitoring; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Maternal Exposure; Middle Aged; New Jersey; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Pregnancy; Smoking; Sulfur Dioxide; Young Adult

Birth defects are a major public health concern as they are the leading cause of neonatal and infant mortality. Observational studies have linked environmental pollution to adverse birth outcomes, including congenital anomalies. This study examined potential associations between ambient air pollution and congenital heart defects and cleft lip or palate among births in Brisbane, Australia (1998-2004).. Ambient air pollution levels were averaged over weeks 3-8 of pregnancy among 150,308 births. Using a case-control design, we used conditional logistic regression and matched cases to 5 controls. Analyses were conducted using all births, and then births where the mother resided within 6 and 12 kilometers of an ambient air quality monitor.. When analyzing all births there was no indication that ambient air pollution in Brisbane was associated with a higher risk of cardiac defects. Among births where the mother resided within 6 kilometers of an ambient air quality monitor, a 5 ppb increase in O(3) was associated with an increased risk of pulmonary artery and valve defects (OR 2.96, 95% CI: 1.34, 7.52) while a 0.6 ppb increase in SO(2) was associated with an increased risk of aortic artery and valve defects (OR 10.76, 95% CI: 1.50, 179.8). For oral cleft defects among all births, the only adverse association was between SO(2) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (OR 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.62). However, various significant inverse associations were also found between air pollutants and birth defects.. This study found mixed results and it is difficult to conclude whether ambient air pollution in Brisbane has an adverse association with the birth defects examined. Studies using more detailed estimates of air pollution exposure are needed.

Topics: Adult; Air Pollution; Australia; Carbon Monoxide; Case-Control Studies; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Congenital Abnormalities; Environmental Monitoring; Epidemiological Monitoring; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Logistic Models; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Pregnancy; Young Adult