nitrogen-dioxide and Child-Behavior-Disorders

Nowadays a special attention is focused on prenatal and childhood exposures to a variety of contaminants in the environment, especially toxicants widely present in the environment and their impact on children's health and neurodevelopment. This article aims at evaluating the impact of exposure to several widespread toxicants including: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants and gas cooking on children's cognitive development and behavioral problems by reviewing most recent published literature. Epidemiological studies focusing on exposure to widespread toxicants and children's development for the last eleven years were identified by a search of the PubMed, Medline, Ebsco and Toxnet literature bases. The combination of following key words was used: 1) referring to the exposure: pregnancy, prenatal exposure, postnatal exposure, gas cooking, exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, PAHs and 2) referring to outcome: neurodevelopment, neurobehavior, psychomotor development, behavioral problems, cognitive development, mental health, school achievements, learning abilities. The results from the presented studies suggest that there are strong and rather consistent indications that the developing nervous system is particularly vulnerable to insult from low levels of exposure to widespread environmental contaminants such as: phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, gas cooking. Considering the suggested health effects, more epidemiologic data is urgently needed and, in the meantime, precautionary policies must be implemented.

Topics: Benzhydryl Compounds; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child Development; Cognition Disorders; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Pollutants; Female; Flame Retardants; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; Hazardous Substances; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Phenols; Phthalic Acids; Polybrominated Biphenyls; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects

This study explored the role of outdoor air pollution [nitrogen dioxide (NO. Data from 11,625 Millennium Cohort Study children living in England and Wales were modelled using multilevel regression.. After adjusting for a host of confounders, having a damp or condensation problem at home was related to both emotional and conduct problems. Secondhand smoke exposure was associated with all three problem types. Associations with outdoor air pollution were less consistent.. Exposures to damp or condensation and secondhand smoke in the home are likely to be risk factors for child emotional and behavioural problems. Parents should continue to be educated about the dangers of exposing their children to poor air quality at home.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pollution, Indoor; Child; Child Behavior; Child Behavior Disorders; Child Welfare; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; England; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide; Risk Factors; Sulfur Dioxide; Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Wales