nitrogen-dioxide and Atrial-Fibrillation

Air pollution is commonly defined as the contamination of the air we breathe by any chemical, physical, or biological agent that is potentially threatening to human and ecosystem health. The common pollutants known to be disease-causing are particulate matter, ground-level ozone, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. Although the association between increasing concentrations of these pollutants and cardiovascular disease is now accepted, the association of air pollution and arrhythmias is less well established. In this review we provide an in-depth discussion of the association of acute and chronic air pollution exposure and arrhythmia incidence, morbidity, and mortality, and the purported pathophysiological mechanisms. Increases in concentrations of air pollutants have multiple proarrhythmic mechanisms including systemic inflammation (via increases in reactive oxygen species, tumour necrosis factor, and direct effects from translocated particulate matter), structural remodelling (via an increased risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction or by affecting the cell-to-cell coupling and gap junction function), and mitochondrial and autonomic dysfunction. Furthermore, we describe the associations of air pollution and arrhythmias. There is a strong correlation of acute and chronic air pollutant exposure and the incidence of atrial fibrillation. Acute increases in air pollution increase the risk of emergency room visits and hospital admissions for atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke and mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation. Similarly, there is a strong correlation of increases of air pollutants and the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and sudden cardiac death.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Ecosystem; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of treated heart arrhythmia contributing to adverse cardiovascular events. The association between short-term air pollution exposure and AF episodes has been recognized. But the evidence of the association between long-term air pollution exposure and AF was limited, especially in developing countries.. We performed a nationwide cross-sectional study among 1,374,423 individuals aged ≥35 years from 13 health check-up centers. Using logistic regression models, we assessed the association between long-term exposure to single air pollution and AF prevalence, including particulate matter (PM. In single-pollutant models, an increase of 10 μg/m. These findings provide important evidence for the positive relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and AF prevalence in China and identify sulfate particles of PM

Topics: Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Prevalence

Few studies have explored the relationship between air pollution and arrhythmia onset at the hourly level. We aimed to examine the association of exposure to air pollution with the onset of acute symptomatic arrhythmia at an hourly level.. We conducted a nationwide, time-stratified, case-crossover study in China between 2015 and 2021. We obtained hourly information on the onset of symptomatic arrhythmia (including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, atrial and ventricular premature beats and supraventricular tachycardia) from the Chinese Cardiovascular Association Database - Chest Pain Center (including 2025 certified hospitals in 322 cities). We obtained data on hourly concentrations of 6 air pollutants from the nearest monitors, including fine particles (PM. We included a total of 190 115 patients with acute onset of symptomatic arrhythmia. Air pollution was associated with increased risk of onset of symptomatic arrhythmia within the first few hours of exposure; this risk attenuated substantially after 24 hours. An interquartile range increase in PM. Exposure to air pollution was associated with the onset of symptomatic arrhythmia shortly after exposure. This finding highlights the importance of further reducing air pollution and taking prompt protective measures for susceptible populations during periods of elevated levels of air pollutants.

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Atrial Flutter; China; Cities; Cross-Over Studies; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter

The relationship between air pollution and atrial fibrillation (AF) recorded by electrocardiograph (ECG) has not yet been illustrated which worsens AF precaution and treatment. This research evaluated the association between air pollution and daily hospital visits for AF with ECG records.. The study enrolled 4933 male and 5392 female patients whose ECG reports indicated AF from 2015 to 2018 in our hospital. Such data were then matched with meteorological data, including air pollutant concentrations, collected by local weather stations. A case-crossover study was performed to assess the relationship between air pollutants and daily hospital visits for AF recorded by ECG and to investigate its lag effect.. Our analysis revealed statistically significant associations between AF occurrence and demographic data, including age and gender. This effect was stronger in female (k = 0.02635, p < 0.01) and in patients over 65 y (k = 0.04732, p < 0.01). We also observed a hysteretic effect that when exposed to higher nitrogen dioxide(NO. The associations between air pollution and AF recorded with ECG were preliminarily discovered. Short-term exposure to NO

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Cross-Over Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Electrocardiography; Female; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Nitrogen Dioxide

To date, no study has explored the extent to which genetic susceptibility modifies the effects of air pollutants on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). This study was designed to investigate the separate and joint effects of long-term exposure to air pollutants and genetic susceptibility on the risk of AF events. This study included 401,251 participants without AF at baseline from UK Biobank. We constructed a polygenic risk score and categorized it into three categories. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to assess the separate and joint effects of long-term exposure to air pollutants and genetics on the risk of AF. Additionally, we further evaluated the effect modification of genetic susceptibility. The hazard ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals of incident AF for per interquartile range increase in particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 2.5 µm (PM

Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Environmental Exposure; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Nitric Oxide; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Prospective Studies

Although growing evidence links air pollution to stroke incidence, less is known about the effect of air pollution on atrial fibrillation (AF), an important risk factor for stroke.. We assessed the associations between air pollution and incidence of AF and stroke. We also sought to characterize the shape of pollutant-disease relationships.. The population-based cohort comprised 5,071,956 Ontario residents, age 35–85 y and without the diagnoses of both outcomes on 1 April 2001 and was followed up until 31 March 2015. AF and stroke cases were ascertained using health administrative databases with validated algorithms. Based on annual residential postal codes, we assigned 5-y running average concentrations of fine particulate matter ([Formula: see text]), nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]), and ozone ([Formula: see text]) from satellite-derived data, a land-use regression model, and a fusion-based method, respectively, as well as redox-weighted averages of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]) for each year. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of AF and stroke with each of these pollutants, adjusting for individual- and neighborhood-level variables. We used newly developed nonlinear risk models to characterize the shape of pollutant–disease relationships.. Between 2001 and 2015, we identified 313,157 incident cases of AF and 122,545 cases of stroke. Interquartile range increments of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] were associated with increases in the incidence of AF [HRs (95% CIs): 1.03 (1.01, 1.04), 1.02 (1.01, 1.03), 1.01 (1.00, 1.02), and 1.01 (1.01, 1.02), respectively] and the incidence of stroke [HRs (95% CIs): 1.05 (1.03, 1.07), 1.04 (1.01, 1.06), 1.05 (1.03, 1.06), and 1.05 (1.04, 1.06), respectively]. Associations of similar magnitude were found in various sensitivity analyses. Furthermore, we found a near-linear association for stroke with [Formula: see text], whereas [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-, and [Formula: see text] relationships exhibited sublinear shapes.. Air pollution was associated with stroke and AF onset, even at very low concentrations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4883.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ontario; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Risk; Stroke

We investigated seasonal variation of acute exacerbation of atrial fibrillation (AAF) and contributing environmental factors.. AAF events, meteorological elements, and air pollutants in Seoul between 2013 and 2015 were obtained from the nationwide database. AAF was defined if a patient visited the emergency room due to any AF-relevant symptoms or signs.. AAF occurred less frequently in summer than in other seasons (6.71 vs 7.25 events/d, P = 0.005). AAF tended to decrease with an increase of air temperature (r = -0.058). Among air pollutants, NO2 was significantly lower in summer and positively correlated with AAF after adjusting for other variables (β = 3.197).. The rate of AAF events was the lowest in summer; air temperature and NO2 were contributing factors. The weather and environmental conditions should be considered as risk factors of AAF.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Atmospheric Pressure; Atrial Fibrillation; Disease Progression; Emergency Service, Hospital; Female; Humans; Humidity; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Republic of Korea; Seasons; Temperature

In this study, we investigated the correlation of air temperature, pressure and concentration\ of air pollutants with the rate of admissions for cardiac arrhythmias at two clinical centers\ in the area with a humid continental climate. This retrospective study included 3749 patients with\ arrhythmias admitted to emergency department (ED). They were classified into four groups: supraventricular\ tachycardia (SVT), ventricular tachycardia (VT), atrial fibrillation/undulation (Afib/Aund),\ and palpitations (with no ECG changes, or with sinus tachycardia and extrasystoles). The\ number of patients, values of meteorological parameters (average daily values of air temperature,\ pressure and relative humidity) and concentrations of air pollutants (particles of dimensions ~10\ micrometers or less (PM(10)), ozone (O(3)) and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2))) were collected during a two-year\ period ( July 2008-June 2010). There were 1650 (44.0%), 1525 (40.7%), 451 (12.0%) and 123 (3.3%)\ patients with palpitations, Afib/Aund, SVT and VT, respectively. Spearman’s correlation yielded\ positive correlation between the occurrence of arrhythmias and air humidity on the day (r=0.07), and\ 1 (r=0.08), 2 (r=0.09) and 3 days before (r=0.09), and NO(2) particles on the day (r=0.08) of ED admission;\ palpitations and air humidity on the day (r=0.11), and 1 (r=0.09), 2 (r=0.07) and 3 days before\ (r=0.10), and PM(10) (r=0.11) and NO(2) (r=0.08) particles on the day of ED admission; and Afi b/Aund\ and air humidity 2 days before (r=0.08) ED admission (p<0.05 all). In conclusion, there was a very\ weak positive correlation of the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias with air humidity and concentration\ of air pollutants in the region with a humid continental climate.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Air Pressure; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Climate; Croatia; Emergency Service, Hospital; Environmental Exposure; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Humidity; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Retrospective Studies; Tachycardia, Supraventricular; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Temperature; Young Adult

To inform potential pathophysiological mechanisms of air pollution effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD), we investigated short-term associations between ambient air pollution and a range of cardiovascular events from three national databases in England and Wales.. Using a time-stratified case-crossover design, over 400,000 myocardial infarction (MI) events from the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) database, over 2 million CVD emergency hospital admissions and over 600,000 CVD deaths were linked with daily mean concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter less than 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), and daily maximum of 8-hourly running mean of O3 measured at the nearest air pollution monitoring site to the place of residence. Pollutant effects were modelled using lags up to 4 days and adjusted for ambient temperature and day of week.. For mortality, no CVD outcome analysed was clearly associated with any pollutant, except for PM2.5 with arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation and pulmonary embolism. With hospital admissions, only NO2 was associated with a raised risk: CVD 1.7% (95% CI 0.9 to 2.6), non-MI CVD 2.0% (1.1 to 2.9), arrhythmias 2.9% (0.6 to 5.2), atrial fibrillation 2.8% (0.3 to 5.4) and heart failure 4.4% (2.0 to 6.8) for a 10th-90th centile increase. With MINAP, only NO2 was associated with an increased risk of MI, which was specific to non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMIs): 3.6% (95% CI 0.4 to 6.9).. This study found no clear evidence for pollution effects on STEMIs and stroke, which ultimately represent thrombogenic processes, though it did for pulmonary embolism. The strongest associations with air pollution were observed with selected non-MI outcomes.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Over Studies; Databases, Factual; England; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Monitoring; Female; Heart Failure; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Patient Admission; Pulmonary Embolism; Risk Factors; Sulfur Dioxide; Time Factors; Wales

Topics: Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Italy; Linear Models; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Retrospective Studies; Statistics as Topic

We reported previously that 24-hr moving average ambient air pollution concentrations were positively associated with ventricular arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs). ICDs also detect paroxysmal atrial fibrillation episodes (PAF) that result in rapid ventricular rates. In this same cohort of ICD patients, we assessed the association between ambient air pollution and episodes of PAF.. We performed a case-crossover study.. Patients who lived in the Boston, Massachusetts, metropolitan area and who had ICDs implanted between June 1995 and December 1999 (n=203) were followed until July 2002.. We used conditional logistic regression to explore the association between community air pollution and 91 electrophysiologist-confirmed episodes of PAF among 29 subjects.. We found a statistically significant positive association between episodes of PAF and increased ozone concentration (22 ppb) in the hour before the arrhythmia (odds ratio=2.08; 95% confidence interval=1.22, 3.54; p=0.001). The risk estimate for a longer (24-hr) moving average was smaller, thus suggesting an immediate effect. Positive but not statistically significant risks were associated with fine particles, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon.. Increased ambient O3 pollution was associated with increased risk of episodes of rapid ventricular response due to PAF, thereby suggesting that community air pollution may be a precipitant of these events.

Topics: Aged; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Atrial Fibrillation; Boston; Carbon; Carbon Monoxide; Dust; Environmental Exposure; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nitrogen Dioxide; Ozone; Risk Factors; Sulfur Dioxide

Topics: Animals; Aortic Coarctation; Arrhythmia, Sinus; Atrial Fibrillation; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Gas Analysis; Capillaries; Dogs; Heart Function Tests; Heart Septal Defects; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial; Heart Valve Diseases; Hypertension; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Mitral Valve Stenosis; Nitrogen; Nitrogen Dioxide; Plethysmography; Pulmonary Circulation; Research; Stroke Volume; Vena Cava, Superior