nitroarginine and Acute-Lung-Injury

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary disease that acts as a severe acute inflammatory response with no specific drugs. iNOS, a catalyst of the excessive production of NO, has been demonstrated to participate in the inflammatory process, and targeting iNOS may be a promising therapeutic pathway to alleviate ALI. In our research, eighteen new disubstituted benzoxazolone derivatives were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for activity against NO production in an LPS-induced RAW264.7 cell. The results showed that these compounds could obviously inhibit the over-generation of NO and disubstitution at the 4, N-position of the benzoxazolone ring, presenting better potency than substitution only at the 4-position. Among the analogues generated, compounds 2c, 2d, and 3d showed NO inhibitory activity with IC

Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Benzoxazoles; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Design; Edema; Gene Expression Regulation; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung; Macrophages; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Peroxidase; RAW 264.7 Cells

To investigate the effects of NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA) on pulmonary surfactant (PS) and pulmonary cells apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced acute lung injury (ALI).. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, model group, L-NA group. Model of ALI was reproduced by injection of LPS 5 mg/kg via sublingual vein in model group and L-NA group. L-NA (20 mg/kg) was administered in L-NA group, while normal saline was administered in control group and model group 3 hours after LPS injection. The rats were sacrificed at 6 hours after LPS injection, and the lung tissue was obtained for measuring the expressions of pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) mRNA by in situ hybridization (ISH) method; meanwhile, apoptosis rate was evaluated by flow cytometry; the expression of caspase-3 was evaluated by Western blotting analysis; Bcl-2 and Bax were evaluated respectively by immunohistochemistry (IHC).. Compared with that of the control group, SP-A mRNA [absorbance (A) value] in the lung tissue was significantly decreased by LPS (0.071+/-0.017 vs. 0.113+/-0.021) in model group, apoptosis rate of pulmonary cells [(25.04+/-4.57)% vs. (11.37+/-3.08)%], caspase-3 protein expression (A value: 298.64+/-37.11 vs. 110.24+/-14.35) and Bax protein expression (A value: 0.145+/-0.011 vs. 0.076+/-0.010) were significantly increased, Bcl-2 protein expression (A value: 0.064+/-0.011 vs. 0.073+/-0.009) and Bcl-2/Bax (0.447+/-0.086 vs. 0.976+/-0.157) were decreased in model group (all P<0.01). L-NA was given at 3 hours after LPS administration, the expressions of SP-A mRNA (A value: 0.085+/-0.015) and Bcl-2 protein (A value: 0.070+/-0.087) increased markedly, compared with model group (P<0.01 and P<0.05), but there were no significant changes in the pulmonary cells apoptosis rate [(20.67+/-1.35)%], caspase-3 protein expression (A value: 268.75+/-42.56), Bax protein expression (A value: 0.142+/-0.012) and Bcl-2/Bax (0.498+/-0.069) between L-NA group and model group (all P>0.05).. L-NA had no effect on LPS-induced pulmonary cell apoptosis and had no effect on the expressions of caspase-3 and Bax, but L-NA can protect the lung from LPS-induced injury by up-regulating the expression of PS.

Topics: Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Caspase 3; Disease Models, Animal; Lipopolysaccharides; Lung; Male; Nitroarginine; Pulmonary Surfactants; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley