nicotine has been researched along with Anesthesia in 50 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 21 (42.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 13 (26.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 10 (20.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 5 (10.00) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.00) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Choi, SH; Jeong, SJ; Kim, SC; Lee, BH; Lee, SH; Yang, CH; Yoon, SS | 1 |
| Finley, J | 1 |
| Davies, M; Roberts, M | 1 |
| Amadon, A; Changeux, JP; Giacomini, E; Granon, S; Le Bihan, D; Suarez, SV; Wiklund, A | 1 |
| Moore, C; Ramage, AG; Wang, Y | 1 |
| Gao, M; Gutkin, BS; Lukas, RJ; Shi, WX; Steffensen, SC; Wu, J; Xu, D; Zhang, D | 1 |
| Bitner, RS; Gopalakrishnan, M; Radek, RJ; Robb, HM; Stevens, KE | 1 |
| Domino, EF; Harada, N; Kakiuchi, T; Miyasato, K; Nishiyama, S; Tsukada, H | 1 |
| Kopczyńska, B; Szereda-Przestaszewska, M | 2 |
| CROCKFORD, JA; FEURT, SD; HAYES, FA; JENKINS, JH | 1 |
| ALMOND, HR; KONTOS, HA; MAUCK, HP; PATTERSON, JL | 1 |
| Kurosawa, M; Taniguchi, T; Yoneda, M | 1 |
| Dale, LC; Offord, KP; Sarr, MG; Warner, DO | 1 |
| Warner, DO | 1 |
| Aleisa, AM; Alkadhi, KA; Alzoubi, KH | 1 |
| Chaud, MV; do Prado, JF; Ferreira-Melo, SE; Hyslop, S; Martins, LC; Moreno, H; Paganelli, MO; Sabha, M; Tanus-Santos, JE | 1 |
| Bruce, EN; Cherniack, NS; Haxhiu, MA; Mitra, J; Strohl, KP; Van de Graaff, WB; Van Lunteren, E | 1 |
| Jones, RM; Pearce, AC | 1 |
| Baltaxe, HA; Shaw, DD; Wolf, GL | 1 |
| Sit, SP; Vatner, SF; Zimpfer, M | 1 |
| Grunberg, NE; Raygada, M; Saah, MI | 1 |
| Mitchell, SN | 1 |
| Ayajiki, K; Okamura, T; Toda, N | 1 |
| Basso, MA; Evinger, C; Horn, AK; Manning, KA; Pellegrini, JJ; Sibony, PA | 1 |
| Kinney, GG | 1 |
| Beattie, DT; Connor, HE; Perren, MJ | 1 |
| Dhar, S; McIntosh, JM; Nagy, F; Sapru, HN | 1 |
| Liu, X; Onaka, T; Yagi, K | 1 |
| Aviado, DM | 1 |
| Balfour, DJ; Reid, A | 1 |
| Dohi, T; Kurogochi, Y; Nakashima, T; Tanino, S; Tsujimoto, A | 1 |
| Armstrong, JM; Atkinson, J; Chillon, JM; Ferrandon, P; Gellotte, M; Hicks, PE; Lartaud, I; Martin, D | 1 |
| Carlson, JH; Foote, SL | 1 |
| Woodman, OL | 1 |
| Donnerer, J; Lembeck, F | 1 |
| Nagata, M; Osumi, Y | 1 |
| Alving, K; Lundberg, JM; Matran, R | 1 |
| Dusting, GJ; Sobey, CG; Woodman, OL | 1 |
| Bostwick, M; Martin, WR; Sloan, JW | 1 |
| Boi, V; Gessa, GL; Mereu, G; Naes, L; Westfall, TC; Yoon, KW | 1 |
| Ginzel, KH | 1 |
| Erdélyi, I; Institoris, E; Lányi, K; Lovász, M; Tardos, L | 1 |
| Connor, J; Connor, T; Marshall, PB; Reid, A; Turnbull, MJ | 1 |
| Bayer, T; Bhagat, B; Lind, C | 1 |
| Tammisto, T; Ylitalo, P | 1 |
| Priest, WC; Sabelli, HC | 1 |
| Eckstein, RW; Oya, N; Rowen, HE; Shimomura, K; Shintani, F | 1 |
| Dey, PK; Mukherjee, A | 1 |
| McCance, I; Phillis, JW | 1 |
2 review(s) available for nicotine and Anesthesia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Helping surgical patients quit smoking: why, when, and how.
Topics: Anesthesia; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Preoperative Care; Smoking Cessation; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Regulation of bronchomotor tone during anesthesia.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenal Medulla; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Animals; Asthma; Axons; Blood Pressure; Bradycardia; Bronchi; Bronchial Spasm; Carotid Artery, Internal; Chemoreceptor Cells; Cough; Ganglia, Autonomic; Histamine Release; Medulla Oblongata; Muscle Tonus; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Parasympatholytics; Pressoreceptors; Receptors, Drug; Reflex; Respiratory Insufficiency; Respiratory System; Smoking; Sympathomimetics; Vagus Nerve | 1975 |
48 other study(ies) available for nicotine and Anesthesia
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Effects of isoflurane anesthesia on addictive behaviors in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Isoflurane; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reinforcement Schedule; Self Administration; Sucrose | 2022 |
Cellular stress and AMPK links metformin and diverse compounds with accelerated emergence from anesthesia and potential recovery from disorders of consciousness.
Topics: AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; Anesthesia; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthetics; Animals; Brain Mapping; Calcium; Cell Lineage; Cell Proliferation; Consciousness; Consciousness Disorders; Dexmedetomidine; Humans; Isoflurane; Ketamine; Learning; Long-Term Potentiation; Memory; Metformin; Midazolam; Models, Neurological; Nicotine; Propofol; Reactive Oxygen Species; Sevoflurane; Unconsciousness | 2019 |
Dangers of using e-cigarettes before anaesthesia.
Topics: Anesthesia; Humans; Nicotine; Smoking; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Tobacco Products | 2014 |
Brain activation by short-term nicotine exposure in anesthetized wild-type and beta2-nicotinic receptors knockout mice: a BOLD fMRI study.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Equipment Design; Injections, Subcutaneous; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Oxygen; Receptors, Nicotinic; Stimulation, Chemical | 2009 |
Nicotine's central cardiovascular actions: receptor subtypes involved and their possible physiological role in anaesthetized rats.
Topics: Aconitine; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Anesthesia; Animals; Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; Cardiovascular System; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic | 2011 |
Impact of prefrontal cortex in nicotine-induced excitation of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Animals; Dopaminergic Neurons; Male; Nicotine; Prefrontal Cortex; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2012 |
Effects of the novel α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-107 on sensory gating in DBA/2 mice: pharmacodynamic characterization.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Anesthesia; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Hippocampus; Indoles; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Quinuclidines; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sensory Gating; Time Factors | 2012 |
Comparative effects of methamphetamine and nicotine on the striatal [(11)C]raclopride binding in unanesthetized monkeys.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Arousal; Binding, Competitive; Carbon Radioisotopes; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Antagonists; Macaca mulatta; Male; Methamphetamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Raclopride | 2002 |
Apnoeic responses to intracarotid nicotine challenge in anaesthetized cats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Apnea; Carotid Artery, Common; Cats; Female; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Male; Nicotine; Phrenic Nerve; Respiration; Vagotomy | 2003 |
A new method for the live capture of canines with applications to rabies control.
Topics: Analgesia; Anesthesia; Anesthesia and Analgesia; Animals; Dogs; Humans; Nicotine; Pain Management; Rabies; Rabies Vaccines | 1961 |
EFFECTS OF INTRA-ARTERIAL INJECTIONS OF LARGE DOSES OF NICOTINE ON REACTIVE HYPERAEMIA IN THE HIND LIMB OF ANAESTHETIZED DOGS.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure Determination; Dogs; Extremities; Hindlimb; Humans; Hyperemia; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Research | 1964 |
Cholecystokinin and prostaglandins inhibit responses of vagal afferent activity to systemic administration of nicotine in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Devazepide; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Hexamethonium; Hormone Antagonists; Indomethacin; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prostaglandins; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors; Vagus Nerve; Visceral Afferents | 2004 |
Anesthesiologists, general surgeons, and tobacco interventions in the perioperative period.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Anesthesia; Anesthesiology; Attitude of Health Personnel; Data Collection; Female; General Surgery; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Patient Education as Topic; Perioperative Care; Physicians; Smoking Cessation | 2004 |
Chronic but not acute nicotine treatment reverses stress-induced impairment of LTP in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Long-Term Potentiation; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Stress, Psychological | 2006 |
Hemodynamic effects of a combination of bupropion and nicotine in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Blood Pressure; Bupropion; Dogs; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hemodynamics; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Male; Nicotine; Smoking Cessation | 2006 |
Action of nicotine on the respiratory activity of the diaphragm and genioglossus muscles and the nerves that innervate them.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Carotid Sinus; Cats; Consciousness; Diaphragm; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Muscles; Nervous System; Nicotine; Respiratory System | 1984 |
Smoking and anesthesia: preoperative abstinence and perioperative morbidity.
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Carbon Monoxide; Carboxyhemoglobin; Cardiovascular System; Hemostasis; Humans; Immune System; Mucus; Nicotine; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Postoperative Complications; Respiratory System; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 1984 |
Role of peripheral vasodilation in the hypotensive response to left ventriculography in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia; Animals; Aortic Coarctation; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Female; Heart Ventricles; Hyperemia; Hypertension; Hypotension; Male; Nicotine; Radiography; Tachycardia; Vasodilation | 1980 |
Effects of anesthesia on the canine carotid chemoreceptor reflex.
Topics: Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Animals; Blood Gas Analysis; Blood Pressure; Carotid Sinus; Chemoreceptor Cells; Dogs; Halothane; Heart Rate; Iliac Vein; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Vascular Resistance | 1981 |
Effects of nicotine on body weight and plasma insulin in female and male rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Anesthesia; Animals; Body Weight; Female; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Insulin; Male; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sex Factors | 1994 |
Role of the locus coeruleus in the noradrenergic response to a systemic administration of nicotine.
Topics: Amino Acids; Anesthesia; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Locus Coeruleus; Male; Mecamylamine; Microdialysis; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Nicotinic; Sympathetic Nervous System | 1993 |
Neural mechanism underlying basilar arterial constriction by intracisternal L-NNA in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Angiography; Animals; Arginine; Basilar Artery; Blood Pressure; Cisterna Magna; Dogs; Female; Heart Rate; Injections; Male; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; Nicotine; Nitroarginine; Vasoconstriction | 1993 |
A role for the basal ganglia in nicotinic modulation of the blink reflex.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Apomorphine; Basal Ganglia; Blinking; Chewing Gum; Decerebrate State; Electromyography; Haloperidol; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Substantia Nigra; Trigeminal Nerve | 1993 |
Peripheral nicotine administration increases rubral firing rates in the urethane-anesthetized rat.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Deoxyglucose; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electrophysiology; Glucose; Male; Mecamylamine; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Red Nucleus; Urethane | 1995 |
NK1 and CGRP receptor-mediated dilatation of the carotid arterial bed of the anaesthetized rabbit.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Carotid Arteries; Female; Male; Nicotine; Rabbits; Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Substance P; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1996 |
Response of respiratory muscles to intravenous nicotine challenge in anaesthetized cats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Electromyography; Female; Injections, Intravenous; Intercostal Muscles; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Phrenic Nerve; Respiratory Mechanics; Respiratory Muscles; Tidal Volume; Vagotomy | 1999 |
Receptor subtypes mediating depressor responses to microinjections of nicotine into medial NTS of the rat.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bungarotoxins; Calcium Channel Blockers; Conotoxins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Glutamine; Heart Rate; Hexamethonium; Male; Mecamylamine; Microinjections; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Solitary Nucleus | 2000 |
Nicotine facilitates noradrenaline release in the rat supraoptic nucleus.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Extracellular Space; Male; Microdialysis; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Supraoptic Nucleus; Vasopressins | 2001 |
Effects of betamethasone on the stimulation of corticosterone secretion in rats.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anesthesia; Animals; Betamethasone; Corticosterone; Epinephrine; Hexamethonium Compounds; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Stimulation, Chemical; Stress, Physiological | 1979 |
Tissue distribution of ['H]nicotine in dogs and rhesus monkeys.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dogs; Female; Macaca mulatta; Male; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Species Specificity; Time Factors; Tritium | 1975 |
Haemodynamic effects of the calcium facilitator Bay K-8644 in rats following vascular calcium overload.
Topics: 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester; Anesthesia; Animals; Calcium; Cholecalciferol; Decerebrate State; Hemodynamics; Isoenzymes; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Male; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 1992 |
Oscillation of interspike interval length in substantia nigra dopamine neurons: effects of nicotine and the dopaminergic D2 agonist LY 163502 on electrophysiological activity.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Dopamine; Electrophysiology; Evoked Potentials; Male; Neurons; Nicotine; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substantia Nigra; Time Factors | 1992 |
Coronary vascular responses to nicotine in the anaesthetized dog.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Atropine; Coronary Vessels; Dogs; Female; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Muscarinic Antagonists; Nicotine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Prazosin; Propranolol; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy; Vascular Resistance | 1991 |
Different control of the adrenocorticotropin-corticosterone response and of prolactin secretion during cold stress, anesthesia, surgery, and nicotine injection in the rat: involvement of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anesthesia; Animals; Capsaicin; Cold Temperature; Corticosterone; Cosyntropin; Nerve Fibers; Neurons, Afferent; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Prolactin; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stress, Physiological; Surgical Procedures, Operative | 1990 |
Central inhibition of gastric motility by intravenously administered nicotine in rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Brain Stem; Cisterna Magna; Gastrointestinal Motility; Hexamethonium Compounds; Injections; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Nicotine; Phentolamine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Vagotomy | 1990 |
Cigarette smoke, nicotine and capsaicin aerosol-induced vasodilatation in pig respiratory mucosa.
Topics: Aerosols; Anesthesia; Animals; Capsaicin; Drug Interactions; Mucous Membrane; Nicotine; Regional Blood Flow; Respiratory System; Smoking; Swine; Vascular Resistance; Vasodilation | 1990 |
Reflex epicardial coronary vasoconstriction elicited by nicotine in anaesthetized dogs.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Coronary Circulation; Dogs; Electric Stimulation; Female; Heart Rate; Male; Nicotine; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Sympathetic Nervous System; Vagotomy; Vasoconstriction | 1989 |
Mechanisms involved in the respiratory depressant actions of nicotine in anesthetized rats.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Female; Hexamethonium; Hexamethonium Compounds; Mecamylamine; Naltrexone; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Nicotinic; Receptors, Opioid; Respiration; Urethane | 1989 |
Preferential stimulation of ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons by nicotine.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Animals; Apomorphine; Dopamine; Male; Mecamylamine; Neurons; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stimulation, Chemical; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1987 |
The influence of anesthesia on baroreceptor reflexes.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Pressure; Cats; Chemoreceptor Cells; Chloralose; Electric Stimulation; Ethers; Heart Rate; Methoxyflurane; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Pregnanediones; Pressoreceptors; Urethane | 1968 |
[Piperazine derivatives. 3. Effect of carbonyl- and hydroxy-derivatives (1)].
Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Barium; Blood Pressure; Body Temperature; Carbachol; Chlorides; Coronary Vessels; Depression, Chemical; Drug Synergism; Electroshock; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Nicotine; Parasympatholytics; Pentylenetetrazole; Piperazines; Rats; Time Factors; Urethane; Vasodilator Agents | 1970 |
Proceedings: On the pharmacology of an extract of Avena sativa.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Barbiturates; Bemegride; Biological Assay; Convulsants; Edible Grain; Female; Mice; Morphine; Nicotine; Plant Extracts; Plants; Reaction Time; Smoking Prevention; Time Factors | 1974 |
Effects of chronic administration of nicotine on drug-induced hypnosis in mice.
Topics: Adrenal Glands; Anesthesia; Animals; Barbiturates; Catecholamines; Drug Synergism; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Microsomes, Liver; Nicotine; Sleep; Zoxazolamine | 1971 |
Tachyphylaxis and toxicity of 5HT in anaesthetized rats.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Anesthesia; Animals; Creatinine; Imipramine; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Neostigmine; Nialamide; Nicotine; Pentobarbital; Phenelzine; Phenylalanine; Physostigmine; Rats; Reserpine; Sensory Receptor Cells; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Tachyphylaxis; Tetrabenazine; Tryptamines | 1969 |
Water structure in anesthetic action: time-dependence D2O effects on nerve.
Topics: Action Potentials; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Anesthetics, Local; Animals; Anura; Calcium; Cocaine; Depression, Chemical; Deuterium; Ethanol; Ethyl Ethers; Glucose; In Vitro Techniques; Lidocaine; Models, Biological; Neural Conduction; Nicotine; Ouabain; Oxides; Phosphates; Procaine; Sciatic Nerve; Stimulation, Chemical; Temperature; Time Factors; Water | 1970 |
Identification of left coronary blood supply of aortic bodies in anesthetized dogs.
Topics: Anesthesia; Animals; Aorta; Blood Pressure; Chemoreceptor Cells; Coronary Vessels; Cyanides; Dogs; Heart Rate; Injections, Intra-Arterial; Lobeline; Methods; Nicotine; Reflex; Serotonin | 1971 |
Responses of the circulatory system towards the vasoactive drugs in hypothermia under different anesthesia.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia; Animals; Blood Circulation; Cats; Epinephrine; Ergonovine; Heart; Histamine; Hypothermia; Male; Nicotine; Papaverine; Pentolinium Tartrate; Phenobarbital; Physostigmine; Pilocarpine; Urethane | 1967 |
The action of acetylcholine on cells in cat cerebellar cortex.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Anesthesia; Animals; Cats; Cerebellar Cortex; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Electrophysiology; Gallamine Triethiodide; Glutamates; In Vitro Techniques; Mecamylamine; Neurons; Nicotine; Parasympathomimetics; Tubocurarine | 1964 |